Izityalo ezingaphandle: i-juniya yaseJapan

I-Awuba i-genre iquka iintlobo ezi-3 zezihlahla zentsapho ye-cornelian, kwaye ezinye iingcali zibhekisela kulolu hlobo kwiintsapho ze-harrier, ngamanye amaxesha zihlukanisa intsapho ye-aukubov. Esi sityalo sakhula ikakhulukazi emahlathini asetshanalanga, iyakulinyamezela isithunzi kakhulu, ukuze ngezinye izihlandlo akukho nto ikhula ngaphandle kwe-aukuba kwisithunzi sezithulu.

I-Aukuba ihlala ihluma eluhlaza, amaqabunga ayo anesithombeni, kwaye iintyatyambo ziqokelelwe kwiqela kwaye zibe nombala obomvu obomvu. Kukho isityalo eKorea, eJapan, eChina nase-Himalaya. Kuqhelekile ukuqwalasela i-Aukuba yaseJapan. Mayelana nezityalo zangaphakathi aukuba eJapan namhlanje kwaye ziya kuxutyushwa.

U-Aukube wanikezwa igama lesibili "umthi wegolide", ngenxa yokuba isityalo sibukeka singavamile ukuba abaninzi abavakatyelela i-East Asia baqwalasele ngokukhethekileyo kule shrub. AmaJapan awamthanda kakhulu esi sityalo kwaye azama ngazo zonke iindlela zokukhusela ukuthunyelwa kwawo ezweni. Nangona kunjalo, ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVII kwakunokwenzeka ukuzisa i-aukuba eYurophu. Isityalo sakhula, saqhakaza, savelisa iziqhamo ezingenanto. I-Aukuba isityalo esitshizileyo. Ukuvelisa isityalo esifanayo yayingumfazi kwaye ngenxa yokungabikho komthi wesilisa, impova ayizange isebenze. Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kamva, isityalo se-botanist Fortune sasisondeza isityalo sendoda, ukususela ngelo xesha i-aukuba kwaye saqala ukusasazeka njengento yokutshiza indlu.

Ngowokuqala i-aucuba yaseJapan yabonakala eYurophu ngo-1783. I-aukuba isatshalaliswa ngokulula ngokucutheka kunye nembewu. Ngenxa yokuveliswa kwayo okungavamile nokulula, isityalo sele sisasazeka kwindawo evulekile. Yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuhlobisa amagumbi kunye neendawo zokugcina izithombo. Ngokuqhelekanga iintlobo ezinamaqabunga amahle, apho kukho umzekelo omncinci omncinci okanye amabala amakhulu. Umzekelo onjalo kumagqabi wenza ukuba ibonakale njengetshe ephethe igolide okanye isahluko se-sausage. Ngenxa yokuthelekiswa phakathi kwabantu, esi sityalo saqanjwa ngokuthi "umthi wesobho" okanye "umthi wegolide".

Iintlobo

I-Aukuba Himalayan isityalo esihlala sihlaza, izihlahla ezinokukhula ukuya kwiimitha ezine ukuphakama. Ikhaya le-Himalayan aukuba yi-Asia Ephakathi. Iintlobo zezi ntlobo zinemibala eyahlukeneyo, umzekelo, i-lanceolate okanye i-llongolate, i-dongue okanye i-widget-margin, ivela kwinqanaba elide okanye elifutshane, eliqhelekileyo, elibomvu. Ikhupha i-aucuba ngeentyantyambo ezincinci, ngokungazibonakalisi ngokupheleleyo. Iintyatyambo eziziintlobo zesini, indoda kunye neentombi zifumaneka kwiimpawu ezihlukeneyo.

I-aukuba yesiJapane isityalo esinobugcisa, esingaqhelekanga, sele sithandwa ngabantu baseJapan naseChina. Le ntlobo ibonakala njengesiqithi esinamaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka apho kukho amaqabunga enqabileyo, efikelela ubude be-20 cm, nobubanzi obuyi-6 cm. Amaqabunga ayakhanya, angagqitywanga okanye aphelele, anemibandela. Kukho iintlobo kunye namagqabi ama-green monochromatic, kunye nombala we-motley-yinto ekhangayo edala ukukhanya kwelanga kwi-amaqabunga. Siyabulela oku, abantu besixeko bafumana igama elithi "umthi wegolide". Isityalo siqhakaza ngeentyantyambo ezincinci, ezisezinwele zeenwele, zibe nombala obomvu okanye obomvu obomvu. Iintyatyambo zifana ngesini-nye, i-dioecious kunye neeyunithi ezine. I-ovary idla ngo-single-caved, nge-ovate enye, enekholeji encinci kunye ne-oblique stigma. Amajikijolo ayenobumba okanye abomvu obomvu, kunye ne-wreath evela kwikhobe yokugaya. Imbewu, njengomyalo, isezantsi kwiprostosperm enegciwane elincinci.

Ukunyamekelwa kwesityalo

I-Aukuba - izityalo zihlala zingenakuthobeka, zinyamezele kwaye zipholile kwaye zifudumele. Uninzi lwe-aukuba lukhetha i-penumbra, kodwa lukhula kakuhle kumagumbi okulala. Ukuthobela ngakumbi isithunzi sidluliselwa kwiintlobo ezinamaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze amaqabunga ahlukeneyo agcine umbala wabo, kufuneka abonelele ukukhanya okusabalalisa.

Ukuphuhlisa ukhululo lwe-aukuba olufunekayo ukugcina ubushushu obushushu. Ehlobo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba iqondo lokushisa aliphakamanga ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-20, ngaphandle koko isityalo siya kulahlekelwa ngamagqabi kwaye sikhule. Ngeli xesha, isityalo singathathwa kwi-balcony okanye kumyezo, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuyikhusela kwimimandla ekhanyayo ilanga, imvula nomoya. Ephakathi kwekwindla, ubushushu bufanele buhlise ukuya kuma-degrees ayi-14, kwaye ebusika, ukushisa kufuneka kufane ukusuka kuma-8 ukuya kuma-14, kodwa kungabi ngaphasi kwee-5 degrees. Ngaphandle koko, isityalo siya kuqala ukulahla amaqabunga. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukubonelela ngeemeko ezinjalo kwaye i-aukuba igcinwe kwiimeko zegumbi eziqhelekileyo, ngoko isityalo sifuna ukukhanyisa kakuhle nokutshiza rhoqo.

Ehlotyeni, i-aucoup kufuneka ilingiswe ngokubanzi, kodwa qiniseka ukuba umhlaba ophezulu ungomiswa kancane. Ekwindla nasebusika, isityalo kufuneka sithengiswe ngokulinganisela, sibekezelela ukunyuka komhlaba, kwaye kwiindawo ezinamaqabunga ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo ezinokuthi zibonwe.

I-Aukuba ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kumoya owomileyo, ngokukodwa izityalo ezindala, ngoko unokusifakela ngentando, kwaye ekwindla nasebusika ukutshiza kufuneka. Ukuba isityalo sakhula kwiqondo lokushisa lama-6-12 degrees, uze udibanise ngokucophelela, okanye ungafaki nonke, njengokuba isikhunta singenza.

Ngexesha ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla - eli lixesha lokukhula okukhulayo, - izityalo zendlu kufuneka zifakwe kwi-dressing ephezulu kunye nezamaminerali, ezitshintshisayo.

Ngentwasahlobo, kufuneka uhlaziye kwaye uthinte iinqonga zeehlumela ukuze wenze isithsaba. Iibhotshi eziseleyo emva kokusika iziqhelo ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukusasazwa njengezityalo.

Ukutshala i-aukubu ethathwe entwasahlobo, ngelixa izityalo ezincinane zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo ngonyaka, kunye nabantu abadala ngokwaneleyo kanye kwiminyaka engama-2-3, okanye njengeengcambu eziboyiweyo zomhlaba wonke. Iingcambu ze-aukuba zincinci kwaye zibuthakathaka, ngoko inkqubo yokufakelwa i-transplantation kufuneka yenziwe ngokucokisekileyo. Kuya kuba mnandi kwisityalo, ukuba asiyikutshintshiswa, kodwa kudlulile, ukugcina isitya sobumba, kwisitya esikhulu. Iipotsithi ze-nanduba kufuneka zikhethwe ngokwaneleyo kwaye zikhululekile.

Umhlaba ofanelekileyo we-aukuba unemixube esuka kwi-peat, iqabunga, i-clayey-sod kunye nesanti okanye i-peat, i-humus, amahlamvu, i-turf nesihlabathi. Efanelekileyo i-hydroponics aukuba.

Ukuqapha

Isityalo esinetyhefu! Zonke izitho zayo zingabangela ukucaphuka kwamathumbu nesisu, isifo sohudo kunye negazi kumchamo. Qaphela xa uqhagamshelana nesityalo!