Kungcono ukugula kunokugonywa.
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonakala ngathi izigulana kubantwana zifakwa kwizifo ezingenakwenzeka ukuba zihlangane, umzekelo, kwisifo esifana nesifo sepholio. Kwaye kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana, ngelixa esesiswini, ufumana iintsholongwane kwizifo ezazisenziwa ngumama emva kwepentecenta, kwaye emva kokuzalwa - ngobisi lwebele. Ngoko, ngokuncelisa iinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala, umntwana ukhuselwe ngumzimba wendalo, ngelixa umntwana engenawo umkhuhlane onjalo wokutya okufakwayo. Ngaphezu koko, bambalwa oomama abagula ngezifo ezahlukileyo ezichaphazelayo ubomi babo, ngoko ke abanakho izifo ezikhuselekileyo kwezi zifo. Kodwa, baninzi babo baxhamla ebuntwaneni kunye nezifo ezininzi kwaye baphucula ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yokuba izifo zingakwazi ukugqithisa umntwana, abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kungcono ukuba nesifo kunokubandakanyeka nemiphumo emibi emva kokugonywa.
Kulula ukugula ebuntwaneni.
Kukho uluvo lokuba abanye abantwana bafuna nokuba nezifo ezithile, kuba kulula ukufudula ebuntwaneni. Yaye oku kuyinyaniso, kodwa zikhona izifo ezingakhokelela kwiinkathazo ezincinane. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphandle kwimizekelo eyiwaka yesifo sesisu, ezintathu ziphela kwisiphumo esibulalayo. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko apho isifo semasisi sichaphazela ingqondo, eso sifo siquka ukukhubazeka komntu wonke, kunye nokuzithulu okanye ukungaboni (xa i-cornea ichaphazelekayo). Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, isizathu esona sizathu sokuba abazali banqabile ukugonywa kukungathembeki kwiyeza zonyango kunye noyiko lweengxaki ezivela emva kokugonywa. Kwilizwe lethu kuye kwaba yindabuko ukuqala ukugonywa ukususela ngomhla wokuqala wokuphila komntwana, ngoko ezininzi izifo aziqhelekanga.
Oo, ezo ziphumo.
Kuyakucatshulwa ukuba ngokumalunga nokuxilongwa kwe-mass injection, iziganeko zabantu abagonyweyo ziyawa, kodwa inani lemiphumo emibi emva kokuba ijoyike ikhula. Ngokumalunga nale mibono ephazamisayo, inani labantu abanokungabaza ukufaneleka kwamagciwane landa, bekholelwa ukuba ukuba baninzi abantu abagulayo, oko akunakwenzeka ukuba bachaphazele. Kubonakala ukuba inani labantwana abagulayo lingaphantsi kunelobantwana abathwala iziphumo zecala yeenjini. Kodwa ezi ziphumo zecala azifani nakwezinye iziphumo ezibangelwa zizifo ezithile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iziphumo zempembelelo zenzeka ngohlobo lokunyuka kancinane kwimobushushu kunye nobomvu bendawo. Ewe, zinokuthi zenzeke ngendlela elukhuni ngakumbi: intloko, ukuhlanza, ukukhwehlela kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu, kodwa abakwazi ukuthelekiswa nemiphumo engaba nayo emva kokudluliselwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngoku kwihlabathi kukho iziganeko ezimalunga nezigidi ezili-14 zeziphumo ezibulalayo ezinxulumene nokugonywa, kunye nezigidi ezi-3 zazo zidibene nezifo ezinokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-vaccine ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kodwa, nangona ezi nkcukacha, kusekho abazali abazama ukukhusela abantwana babo kwiigonyana kunye nemiphumo yabo engafanelekileyo, benethemba lokuba izifo ziya kubagqitha. Esi sikhundla siquka inani elininzi lweziphumo ezimbi phakathi kwabantu abadala kunye nabantwana kwi-epidemic ye-diphtheria.
Ukuphendula komzimba kwisitofu sokugonya.
Izigulane ezikhuselekileyo azikho, kuba ukufakwa kwanoma yiphina isitofu kubandakanya impendulo. Ukuphendula okunjalo komzimba kwahlulwa ngolawulo olubanzi kunye noluntu.
Ukuphendula okuqhelekileyo (kwendawo) kuncitshiswe kube yinto enzima, ukubuyiswa kwakhona kunye nokunciphisa indawo yendawo yokujola, kunye nobubanzi bombomvu akumele budlule ngaphezu kweesentimitha eziyi-8. Ukuphendula okunjalo kubangela izifo ezinobulwelwe ngesimo sekhanda, ukulahleka kwesidlo kunye nomkhuhlane. Ziyabonakala ngokukhawuleza emva kwesojojo kwaye zidlule iintsuku ezine. Xa useneminyaka emva emva kwentsholongwane, unokuzibona iziphumo ezibuthathaka zesifo, kodwa zonke ezi zinto zihlala zifutshane, zihlala iintsuku ezintlanu kwaye zibangelwa ezinye izinto ezongezelelweyo ezilungiselelwe.
Ukuphendula ngokubanzi komzimba ngokuphendula kwisitofu sokugonya kunamandla kunabo basekuhlaleni, kwaye kubonakala ngokubonakalayo emva kweejovnti ze-pertussis, i-tetanus, imasisi kunye ne-diphtheria (i-tetracoccus kunye ne-DTP). Ngokwenziwe ngokubanzi, ukubonakaliswa kwezikliniki ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokulala, ukulahleka kwesidlo, isisongela, ukuhlanza, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yokushisa komzimba ngaphezu kwama-degrees angama-39. Ukuphendulwa kwe-ergenic ngendlela yohlengahlengiso kunye nokuxhaswa kweziza zokungena kwi-injection kufinyelela kumyinge wama-8 centimeters. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kunokuba kungabonakali ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokugoma, umntu unokunxulumanisa nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-anaphylactic (ukuhla kwehla ngokuthe ngcikivo lwegazi ngenxa yokungeniswa kwesiphi na iziyobisi emzimbeni).
Kwimeko enye kuphela, ngaphandle kweyesigidi, ukusabela komzimba kumjoza kungadinga ukuhlaziywa. Kwiimeko ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, iimpendulo eziqhelekileyo zibonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba, imihlathi kunye ne-Quincke edema. Ezi "ziphazamiso" ezinjalo aziyi kutsalwa ngaphezu kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngethamsanqa, iifom ezinzima zokuphendula nge-post-vaccination are rare, kwaye ukuba zilungele ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zilungele ixesha elifanelekileyo ukwenzela iinjeng, zinokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Abantwana, ingakumbi abo abasebancinci, abanakuzigqibazela ukuba bayagonywa okanye hayi; ngoko ke ngaba ngabazali banomthwalo wempilo kunye nenhlalakahle yomntwana. Kwaye kufuneka benze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.