Ubushushu bamantombazana: ulwazi olubalulekileyo

Inani elikhulu lezifo zibonakalisa ngokwenza utshintsho lokushisa komzimba, uphawu kwiimeko ezininzi ekuqaleni kubonakala ngathi luphawu olulodwa lwesifo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukushisa komntwana kushintshile (kwaye oku kungabikho kokunyuka kwayo kunye nokwehla okukhulu), kungakhathaliseki ukuba lolu tshintsho lugqiba kangakanani, umntwana kufuneka aboniswe kugqirha. Ugqirha kuphela onokwenza ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukufumana nokuphelisa imbangela yokushisa kwezothutho, nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki zesifo. Iimpawu zokusasazwa kwabantwana
Umzimba womntwana, ngokukodwa unyaka wokuqala wobomi, unemibono ephawulekayo yokungahlambuluki kwabantu abadala, kuquka inkqubo yolawulo lokushisa. Umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa unako ukugcina ukushisa komzimba wakhe kwinqanaba elifanayo, kodwa udidi lokutshintshwa kwamashishini angaphandle aphezulu apho olu lwazi luqhubeka luncinci.

Kubantwana, ukukhululwa kwentuthuko kubakho ngaphezu kwemveliso yayo, kwaye ukutshintshwa kobushushu kubantwana abancinci akusiyo. Oku kungenxa yomhlaba omkhulu kwesikhumba kwiyunithi yobunzima bomzimba kwaye ngokusondeleyo kufikelele emantanjeni. Ukutshintshwa kobushushu obushushu, okwenziwa ngokukhuphuka, akunakwenzeka kumntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-2, kuba iimbumba ze-sweat zisenzi. Ngako oko abantwana beenyanga zokuqala zobomi banokugqithisa ngokulula.

Ukupholisa ngokulula komntwana kuncedisa ekunqongopheni kwamandla okushisa. Kubantu abadala, i-thermogenesis eneqontrakthi iqhutywe ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuqhwala, oko kukuthi, ubushushu buyakhiwa xa isivumelwano semisipha (umntu "uyathuthumela" ebushushu). Kubantwana, olu buchule linciphile. Ukuveliswa kwefuthe kuzo kwenzeka ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweethambo ezikhethekileyo, ezibizwa ngokuba "ngamafutha omdaka". Ubuncwane balo buncinci kwaye buxhomekeke ekuvuthweni komntwana. Kwi-preterm kunye nabantwana abancinci, ama-stocks amafutha omdaka awuncinci, kwaye ayancipha ngakumbi.

Kwakhona, ubuchule bokushisa komzimba bubangelwa kukungagcini kwesikhungo se-thermoregulatory. Ngoko ke, uluhlu lokushisa komzimba kumntwana lukhulu kunalo lomntu omdala. Ukushisa kwesikhumba eqhelekileyo ngu-36.0-37.2 ° C, kulinganiswe emzimbeni (emlonyeni, kwi-rectum) - 37.0-37.8 ° C. Umntwana akanalo isingqimba sokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa. Kodwa ngenxa yokunciphisa iinkqubo zokutshintshwa kobushushu kunye nemveliso yokushisa, ukushisa kuyahluka phakathi kwimihla kwimida yexabiso eliqhelekileyo, kuxhomekeke kumgangatho jikelele womntwana. Ngoko, ukwenza umsebenzi (ukondla, ukukhala, ukuhlawula) kuqinisa iinkqubo ze-metabolic, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ukushisa komzimba kuphakama. Ephupheni okanye ngokuvuka ngokuzenzekileyo ubushushu buya kuba buncinane.

Indlela yokulinganisa ukushisa
Ngethuba leqondo lokushisa kwiintsana ezisetyana, kuyimfuneko ukuba ithathe ingqalelo kwilizwe labo jikelele. Musa ukulinganisa iqondo lokushisa ukuba umntwana usandle okanye atshele: kulo mzekelo, ixabiso layo liya kuba ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa ukushisa. Inokulinganiswa i-epidermis (ngokuqhelekileyo eyenziwe kwisikhwama) nge-thermometer ye-elektroniki okanye ye-mercury. I-thermometers ezizodwa zisebenza okanye ziziswe ebunzini, kwaye iqondo lokushisa liboniswa kubo. Kukho i-thermometers-nipples zokulinganisa ukushisa kumlonyeni womlomo. Iirmometers zendlebe zisetyenziswe. Abantwana banokulinganisa ukushisa kwi-rectum. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukushisa kwimizi yangaphakathi yomzimba (emlonyeni, kwi-anus) kuphezulu kuneqondo lokushisa elincinci malunga ne-0.5 ° C.

Indlela yokuziphatha kubazali?
Izizathu ezibangela ukunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa kubantwana baninzi: ukugqithisa, izifo ezithathelwanayo kunye nokuvuthayo, izifo zesifo seentsholongwane, umkhuhlane emva kokugonywa, i-dyspnoea syndrome, njl. Ngaphezulu, ezinye izifo, uphawu lokuqala lokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, lunokuba yingozi ngenxa yobomi bentsana (umzekelo umpneumonia - pneumonia, i-meningitis-ukuvuvukala kweembrane zengqondo). Ezinye iimpawu zesifo ziyakusulwa kulo nyaka, ngaphezu koko, umntwana akanakukhalaza, kuba akakwazi ukuthetha okwamanje. Ngako oko, ukwanda kwenene kwindalo lokushisa kwintsana yeso sizathu sokunyanzeliswa kwexesha elifanelekileyo lonyango.

Indlela yokuziphatha kakuhle ngexesha ulinde ugqirha? Okokuqala, kufuneka ukhumbule: akuwona onke amaqondo okushisa adinga ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa kusebenza njengendlela yokukhusela yomzimba kunoma yintoni na umphumo (umzekelo, xa usufumana intsholongwane okanye ukufaka isitofu sokugonya) kwaye unceda isistim somzimba sokulwa nesifo esithintekayo ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba intsholongwane yenzeka kumntwana omdala ngaphezu kweenyanga ezi-2 kwaye akahluphekanga kwimpilo yakhe, oko kukuthi, ubuthongo bakhe, ukutya, umnxeba akaqhekekanga, unomdla kumathoyizi, ulusu luluhlaza kwaye luyatshisa kumgca, kwaye ukushisa komzimba akungaphezulu kwama-38.5 ° C, ngoko ungalinda ugqirha ukuba eze kwaye, kunye naye, isigqibo sokonyango komntwana kunye nesidingo sokunciphisa ubushushu.

Ukuba ukunyuka kwebusika kuhamba kunye nokubanda kwezandla kunye neenyawo, kwaye ulusu luba lubala, umntwana uyakhululeka, ngoko siyakwazi ukuthetha malunga nokuphuhliswa kwento ebizwa ngokuthi "ifihla". Olu hlobo lokuphakama kwamaqondo okushisa lubonwa ngokungathandekiyo kwaye ludinga ukukhawuleza kwinqanaba lokushisa. "I-fever" ye-fever ingaba ngumqondiso wokuqala we-hyperthermia syndrome-yinto ehlukileyo engafanelekanga yophuhliso lomkhuhlane, oluqhubeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwizifo ezinokusasazeka nezikhuphayo kubantwana bonyaka wokuqala wobomi. Iibhoxi ezingena emzimbeni womntwana ziphazamisa umsebenzi weziko lokufudumala, okukhokelela ekunyuseni okukrakra kwimveliso yokushisa kunye nokunciphisa ukutshintshwa kobushushu. Oku, kwandisa ukuphazamiseka kwegazi nge-microcirculation (ukuhamba kwegazi ngeenqanawa ezincinci), i-stagnation yayo ivela, inani le-oksijini engena kwizitho liyancipha, kwaye iinkqubo ze-metabolism zinciphisa. Umntwana uba lukhuni, ulele okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ujabule kakhulu. Ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza ekhala, engafuni ukutya, kunokuhlaziywa kunye nokuhlanza, umthamo we-urine uyancipha (oko kukuthi, i-diaper ihlala isomile ixesha elide). Ukuba ngabazali bayigcina ngokucophelela umntwana, umntu unokubona ukuphefumula okungapheliyo: amaxesha okuphefumla okungaqhelekanga athatyathwa ngamanyathelo. Umntwana uphukile, eneengcingo ezibandayo kunye nentloko eshushu. Iqondo lokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu alubonakali ubunzima be-hyperthermia syndrome. Njengomthetho, ihamba kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa ukuya kwi-39-40 ° C, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuyihlakulela kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi. Yonke into incike kwiimpawu zomntu ngamnye, ubukho bezifo ezingapheliyo, ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo ye-nervous central.

Enye inkcenkceshe yeentsiba i-febrile seizures. Ezi ziqhekeza ezinqamlekileyo zamaqela ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinamahlunu ezenzeka ngaphandle kwemvelaphi yokuphakama kwamaqondo angaphezu kwama-38 ° C. Ngokuqhelekileyo bahamba kunye nolonwabo okanye ukusilahla komntwana. Kwixesha elizayo, kukho ezinye izicatshulwa kunye nokuphumla kwezihlunu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo-zobuso kunye nezitho. Mhlawumbi ukuxhatshazwa kwemizimba emide, ngaphandle kokuphumla, ngokuyininzi imisipha, eyenza ukwandiswa. Ukuqhayisa kuyingozi ngenxa yokuyeka ukuphefumla ngexesha lokuxubha. Ixesha le-frile seizures ukusuka kumasekhondi ambalwa ukuya kwi-15-20 imizuzu. Ukuba iimbumba zihlala ixesha elide, mhlawumbi isisombululo asiyiyo imfiva, kodwa isifo senkqubo yesifo, efuna ukubonisana ne-neurologist kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo.