Ukudibanisa kwamanzi kukuvakalelwa ngumoya, apho kungenakwenzeka ukugubha ngokugcwele kunye / zombini amacwecwe. Ukuphefumula komntu okungapheliyo kuhamba kunye nosizi, intlungu kunye nokugubha kwiisono zomzimba, iindlebe ezivuthayo, ukuncipha kwento yokuphosa, ukunyunyuza, ukuvumba komsindo kunye nokukhupha kwimpumlo. Ngenxa yokulamba komzimba we-oksijini, ukuphazamiseka okungapheliyo kokuphefumla komzimba kubangelwa ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezinzulu-i-otitis, sinusitis, i-pathologies ye-vascular and heart muscle, i-tonsillitis, izifo ezisezantsi (imiphunga, i-bronchi) kunye nephezulu (trachea, larynx). Qinisekisa isizathu esiyiyo sokuxininiseka kwendoda kwaye ukhethe unyango olufanelekileyo lunokuthi kuphela ugqirha-otolaryngologist emva kokuxilongwa nokuhlaziywa kwe-anamnesis. Ukuzicoca, ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukulawulwa okungalawulwayo kwe-vasoconstricting drops, kubangelwa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-mucosal hyperplasia, ephathwa ngokugqithiseleyo.
Ukudibanisa kwamanzi - kubangela:
- izifo ezingapheliyo zesono / impumlo ye-paranasal: iipolisi, i-maxillary sinus cyst, i-sinusitis, i-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-vasomotor rhinitis, i-rhinitis engapheliyo;
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo: i-sinusitis enzima, i-rhinitis echaphazelekayo;
- i-rhinitis yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Ukuphuhlisa kwi-trimester yesibini kwimvelaphi yeemvumba ze-hormonal, ibonisa ukufihla, ukudibanisa;
- iziphazamiso ze-anatomical: ukuphulwa kwempumlo, ukujikeleza / ukuguqulwa kwe-nasum yangasese, ukuchithwa kwempumlo yangaphandle;
- i-abscess (furuncle) kwisigaba sangasemva sangasese;
- i-neoplasm yemvelo okanye imvelaphi embi;
- i-pathology ye-nasopharynx: i-adenoids, i-tumors;
- izidumbu zangaphandle kwiimpazamo zepanasanasal / impumlo.
Ukuxininiswa kwe-Nasal - iindlela zokuxilonga
Ubuninzi beempawu ezibonakalisa izibandeko kubangela ubunzima obuninzi ekufumaneni izifo zesigxina somsi kwaye kubonisa ukuxilongwa ngokungafani, kuquka:
- ukuqokelela i-anamnesis kunye nokubhalwa kwezikhalazo zesigulane (ixesha elide libonakala njani, indlela isigulane esaphathwa ngayo, ingaba isiphumo sasiyiyo);
- Ukuhlola okubonakalayo (ubukho / ukungabikho kwempawu zentlungu);
- i-rhinoscopy. Ingakwazi ukubona i-edema ye-mucosal, i-defommatic defects, i-tumors, ikhutshwe kwiindinyana zomntu;
- endoscopy. Inika ithuba lokufumana inkqubo yokuvuvukala kwizono zepanasanaal, izipho ezingabonakaliyo kwi-rhinoscopy;
- computer tomography, i-radiography / i-ultrasound ye-sinanas sinus.
Ukuxininiswa kwe-Nasal - unyango
Indlela yokonyango ixhomekeke kwisizathu, esenza ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla. Iyeza zanamhlanje zineendlela ezininzi ezivakalayo ezivumela ngokukhawuleza ukuphilisa i-zalozhennost nokubuyisela ukuphefumla okuqhelekileyo, into ephambili - ukukhetha i-regimen yonyango, ngokuqwalasela zonke iinguqu kunye nempawu zesithombeni seklinikhi yesifo.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwisakhiwo sesigxina somsi. Ulungelelaniso, utshintshile kwimo yee-septum, i-hypertrophy ye-nasal concha - izibonakaliso zonyango lotyando. Ukusebenza kubhekisela kwiplastiki, kwenziwa ngokusesikweni, okungabandakanyi ukutywa ebusweni. Ubude bexesha lokusetyenziswa kakubi imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-50, inokwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele okanye yangaphakathi.
- I-rhinitis ye-allergen. Uphuhliswa ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwezilwanyana kwi-mucosa yangasese, ebonakaliswa ukuxhamla, ukubetha, ukuxubha nge-paroxysmal. Kunconywa ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo (ukuba kunokwenzeka) ukudibanisa okufutshane kunye ne-allergen - oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphepha ukuvuvukala, okwandisa ukuvakalelwa.
Unyango lokuxininisa kwi-rhinitis ye-allergen:
- antihistamines. I-Systemic (Cetirizine, Astemizol, Fexofenadine) ngokukhawuleza inciphisa ukudibanisa kwamanzi, ukuphelisa kunye nokukrazula. Ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kuncinci kwimpumlo, abachasayo beendawo zeH1-histamine receptors (Levocabastine, Azelastine) bayasebenza. Ukuchasana: ixesha lokuhlamba, ukukhulelwa;
- ii-corticosteroids zendawo (Fluticasone, mometasone, Triamcinolone acetonide). Ukuncedwa kwalo mqathango kubonakala emva kweentsuku ezingama-1-2 zokumkelwa, ukuphuculwa kokusisigxina, iintsuku ezi-7-10 zifuneka. Ukuqaliswa kwe-corticosteroids yamanzi kufuneka kuqalwe ngeqondo eliphezulu, ngokunciphisa ngokunciphisa njengoko libuyisela. Ngoxinano olunzima kakhulu lwamanzi, ukulawulwa kwamaconsi e-betamethasone kunconywa ngeveki yokuqala yonyango;
- anticholinergics (Ipatropium bromide). Unomsebenzi onamandla wokulwa ne-anticholinergic kwaye ungabonakali kakuhle kwindlela yokusebenza, iboniswa kwizigulane ezine-wateryhistorrhea (i-mucous ehlukaniswe neempumlo), zichasene kwizigulane ezine-hypertrophy kunye ne-glaucoma;
- immunotherapy. Ingundoqo yonyango i-injection hypodermic yokunyuka kwamazinga okufumana i-allergen ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe ukunyamezela kwe-immunological. Iskimu esisemgangathweni: ii-injections zangeveki - iinjongo zenyanga, zihlala iminyaka engama-2-3. I-Immunotherapy yenziwa kumaziko ezonyango afakwe izixhobo zokuvuselela ngenxa yengozi ye-anaphylaxis kunye neendlela eziyingozi zokuphendula;
- unyango. Isibonakaliso: isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesono se-paranasal, i-hypertrophy engavumelekiyo ye-concha yangasese, i-hyperplasia ye-pharyngeal tonsil, ephazamisa kakhulu ukuphefumla komzimba.
- I-Vasomotor (nonallergic) i-rhinitis. Kwintliziyo yesi sifo kukuphazanyiswa kwenkqubo yokulawula i-nervous system ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane, ukutywala utywala, ukutshatyalaliswa komsi we-kagwayi, ukutshintshwa kwangoko kuphazamiseko kwimoya ye-air inhaled okanye impembelelo yamachiza (izidakamizwa ezichasene nezidakamizwa, izidakamizwa, izidakamizwa). Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-rhinitis ezingenayo i-allergenic irhinitis yinto engathintekiyo yecala elisekhohlo kunye nelungileyo lesigxina somntu, ukungabikho kokubamba.
Unyango lokudibanisa ne-vasomotor rhinitis:
- Ukuhlamba iindinyana zamanzi kunye nezisombululo ze-saline ezinezixhobo ezichasayo nezikhuhlane;
- Uchitha i-horticone ye-corticosteroid (i-Fliksonaze, uNazareli, iBaconaz) ngezifundo ezide (ngenyanga okanye ngaphezulu). Ziyakwazi ukubonakaliswa kwe-systemic biovailability kunye neprofayili yokhuseleko. Isiphumo siqokelela kancane, ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lotyando;
- iiprafu ezisekelwe kwi-ipratropium bromide (Ipravent, Atrovent). Kuboniswa kwi-rhinitis ebandayo, ukunciphisa ubuninzi bokukhutshwa kwamanzi, ukususa i-zalozhennost, ukuphucula imeko jikelele;
- amayeza, aneempembelelo ze-vasoconstrictive (iEfdrine, iNaphthysine, iSanorin). Iyancipha ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa, ukugqithisa, ukucubungula, ukunciphisa iinqanawa zomhlaba, ukulinganisa ukuhamba;
- i-interracavitary block block ne novocaine / hydrocortisone;
- i-acupuncture, physiotherapy, ukuzivocavoca ngokwemilinganiselo, isilwanyana esahlukileyo.
Ukuba iindlela zokunyamekela zonyango zingasebenzi, ukungenelela okuphazamisayo okuphantsi kwe-osteochondhotomy, i-laser photodestruction okanye i-ultrasonic disintegration-kwenziwa. Injongo yomsebenzi ukutshabalalisa iinqanawa ezincinci ze-conal ye-nasal, ukwenjenjalo ukuba banganyusa ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Indlela yokunyanga unyango ixhomekeke kwimpawu zekliniki ye-vasomotor rhinitis, i-etiology kunye neentlobo eziphathekayo.
Amaconsi aphumelelayo ekhaleni kunye nokudibanisa
Ukuxinaniswa kwamanzi kubantu abadala kugcinwa ngamaconsi / iiprafu zamacandelo ahlukeneyo (unyango olungumqondiso).
- Vasculature. Ngokukhawuleza unciphise ukudibanisa, ubuyisele ukuphefumla komzimba ngokuqhelekileyo, ngelixa ususa intloko kunye neempumlo ze-runny. Ukunyanga kwexesha elide kunye neziyobisi ze-vasoconstrictive akuvumelekanga ngenxa yengozi ephezulu yokuvelisa i-rhinitis eyenziwa yiziyobisi, okunzima ukuyiphatha. Iingxaki eziphambili ze-vasoconstricting drops ziyimpembelelo yesikhashana, isiphumo esiyingozi kwizinto zeselula ze-ciliary epithelium:
- ukulungiselela amanyathelo amfutshane (ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-6): iSanorin, iTizin, iNafthysine;
- isenzo esiphakathi (kwiiyure ezili-10): i-Galazolin, i-Orivin, i-Rhinostop;
- Isenzo sexesha elide (ukuya kwiiyure eziyi-12): iNazol, yamaNazivin.
- ukulungiselela amanyathelo amfutshane (ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-6): iSanorin, iTizin, iNafthysine;
- Ukulwa nokuvutha (Isofra, Polidexa ne phenylephrin). Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokudibanisa okubandayo kunye nesisu. Ukubulala iintsholongwane ezibangelwa zizifo kunye neebhaktheriya, ukuphelisa ukuvuvukala kwebhubhane, ukukhupha, ukukhuthaza ukubuyiswa.
- Antiallergic (iVibrocil, iSanorin analgesin). Nceda uncedo lokuxininiseka kwamanzi kunye nokuma komda.
- Ngamafutha abalulekileyo (iPinosol, Evkasept). Nciphisa iibhaktheriya / iintsholongwane, ungabi ngumlutha, uvuselele ngobumnene imbrane, ukhuphe i-stasis.
- Nge-horticone ye-corticosteroid (iNazonex, iFliksonase). Unomntu ochasene nomphumo wokuchasana / olwachasayo, oboniswe ngokuxinwa kwendoda, echukunyiswa yi-rhinitis ye-allergenic, i-sinusitis.
- Izixazululo zikaSaline (Salin, Aqua Maris). Zinezinto ezilandelelanayo kunye neetyu ezikhuthaza iinkqubo zokubuyisela ezinomthelela ochasayo.
Utyando ngamaconsi asempumpocetywayo lunconyelwa kuphela ukuxininiswa kwe-nasal okubangelwa ukuvuvukala, kungekhona ngokuhlanganiswa kwemfihlo yamanzi. Ungasebenzisi iziyobisi kweli qela kwiintsuku ezili-7 ukuya ku-10 ukuphepha umlutha. Ukungqiniswanga okungafaniyo: i-rhinitis ye-atrophic, i-glaucoma. Ukuchasana okuchaseneyo: ukukhulelwa, isilwanyana, isifo esixinzelelekileyo, isifo senhliziyo / i-vascular pathology, kwandisa umsebenzi we-thyroid.
Ukuxininiswa kwe-Nasal ngaphandle kwee-nasoc drostrictive nasal drops
Unyango lwexinzelelo lwangasese liqukethe amabakala amabini - ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-mucosa yangasese. Kucetyiswa ukuba uqalise unyango ngeenkqubo eziphazamisayo. I-tea enee-raspberries, iibhagi zokutshisa, i-mustard plasters zi-agents ezigqwesileyo eziphucula igazi kwiipumlo. Inhalation kunye nokufudumala kunye ne-zalozhennosti kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuqaphela. Ukuba kukho izifo zenkqubo yokuphefumula, unokunyusa imeko. Enye indlela efanelekileyo yokuhlaselwa kwee-vasoconstrictive isisombululo se-homeopathic (i-Cinnabsin, iSinupret ngendlela yamaconsi / i-dragees). Ezi zi yobisi zibonakaliswa ziimpawu ezichanekileyo ezichasayo nezichasayo, azikho nongqinelaniyo, ezimbi kuphela - zimele zikhethwe ngokuthe ngqo, ngaphandle koko akunakukwazi ukuqikelela ukuphumelela kwonyango.
Ukuxinaniswa kwe-Nasal kunye nokuphefumula
Ukuzilolonga kubangela ukuba kusebenze ukuphefumula kwepmonta, kuphuculwe ukujikeleza kwegazi, kuhlambulule iipastiki zomnxeba kunye ne-bronchi, kwaye ususe impumlo.
Inkqubo yokuphefumla eyanceda nayiphi na uhlobo lwe-rhinitis:
- ukuphelisa ngokugcwele impumlo, kuqala ukukhupha isisu, ngoko-ukwandisa i-thorax. Ngomphunga "wamanzi", okokuqala, ukunciphisa umthamo wesifuba, isibini - sondela kwisisu;
- ukuphefumula isifuba: ukuphefumula ende ngeempumlo (isifuba sanda, isisu sehla). Ngethuba lokuphefumula - ngokuchaseneyo;
- ukuphefumula esiswini: ukuphefumlelwa "kwendoda" ixesha elide, ngelixa isisu sifanele siphumelele.
Inkqubo ejoliswe ekuvuseleleni ukuphefumla komzimba kunye nokupheliswa kwentambo:
- ukusasaza imilenze yakho emacaleni, uphuphe ngeempumlo zakho, uphakamise iingalo zakho. Ncitshise phantsi, uphumelele kwimpumlo. Kubalulekile kwinxalenye yokuqala yomsebenzi ukugoba ngamandla kwi-lumbar ne-thoracic umgudu;
- ukwenza umfutho, ukumbamba iingcambu zakhe kunye nokudonsa amahlombe akhe - ukuxuba, ukulahla izandla kwiinyawo zakhe, ukuxhomekeka phambili - ukuxhuma;
- ukuxiliswa komoya we-mucosa yangasese: welula imilenze yakho emacaleni, vala umlomo wakho ngokuqinileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, bhuqa ikhefu lesobunxele / lasekunene ngokukhawuleza njengoko kunokwenzeka, ucinezela i-nostril ephilileyo ngeminwe yakho.
Ukunyangwa kwezinto eziphathekayo zokungqubana kwamanzi
Inikeza ukucoceka okupheleleyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwakhona kwendawo yonke ye-mucosa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imbangela yokuxinwa kwemisipha. Kuza kubekho, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo zokugcina ukuphefumla komzimba:
- hlamba ngo Proetz. Ukuqaliswa kwezinto ezonyango kwiyeza elilodwa kunye nokupompa ngaphandle komnye ngokuncedisa ukondla kombane. Ngethuba le nkqubo, i-nasal cavity ihlanjululwe ibhaktheriya kunye ne-virus, iimbumba ezinamaqabunga zihlanjululwa ngamalungiselelo enyango, ekhupha ngokukhawuleza ukukhulula;
- electrophoresis. Inkqubo ekujoliswe kuyo ukuhambisa isicatshulwa kwiimfucu ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-ions zamachiza ezikhoyo ngokusasazwa ngokusemthethweni kwiimbrane / isikhumba, ngokukhawuleza ukungena kuzo zonke iisculi kunye nezitho kunye nokuphuma kwegazi, ukuphelisa umqobo, ukubuyisela ukuphefumula okunempilo
- reflexotherapy. Impembelelo engeyiyo ye-pharmacological kwiindawo eziphilayo ezisebenzayo kunye nemimandla e-reflexogenic ephezulu kwesikhumba, enefuthe elinamandla lokuphulukisa.
Izilwanyana zamanqanaba zokungqubana kwamanzi
Ngokufanelekileyo, unyango lwe-nasal congestion kufuneka luqale ngokutyelela kwi-otolaryngologist, ngubani oya kugqiba imbangela yesifo kwaye ancede athathe imithi efunekayo. Ukuba akukho nqweno okanye ixesha lokutyelela ugqirha, ungasebenzisa zokupheka kwabantu:
Amaconsi ukusuka ekuxininiseni kwamanzi:
- uthathe ijusi entsha ye-beet, ijusi le-aloe, amanzi ahlambulukileyo ahlambulukileyo, udibanise izithako ngokulinganayo. I-liquid efunyenweyo yokumba ngaphakathi kwimizi zombini amaxesha 3-4 ngosuku;
- ukucinezela ngefowuni kwinqayi le-garlic, yongeza enye ipoyiyo yeoli yezilwanyana, udibanise kakuhle, ubeke eceleni ngeeyure eziyi-10-12. Ukunyamezela, sebenzisa njengamaconsi emisipha;
- ukucoca i-carrots ephakathi, i-grate, i-juice i-juice, yongeza inani elinganayo leoli yezolimo (engagqitywanga). Kuhle ukuguqula umxube, ukuphonsa empumleni ukulahla kathathu ngosuku.
Unyango lwezithintelo zezicelo zobumba
Ukufudumala kukufaka isandla ekubuyiseleni ukuphendulwa kweengcamango zesimo sempumpo kunye neempumlo, kuququzelele imeko jikelele, ukuphelisa ukupheka kwempumlo. Isicelo ngasinye sidinga i-0.5 izindebe zobumba obomvu obunobumba: udongwe olumanzi kwi-250 milliliters zamanzi, ukuxuba, ukushisa kuma-degrees angama-60 kwindawo yokuhlambela ngamanzi, ngokufanayo usasaze kwi-napkin ngohlobo lwe "butterfly", unamathele ekhaleni ngendlela efudumeleyo, uhlale upholile .
Unyango lwe-packing yeeyinti
Brew isipuni sesininzi imihla ngemihla nge 120-150 milliliters zamanzi, sidle amaxesha amathathu ngosuku kunokuba itiye. Ukongezelela, ukunkcenkceshela nge-mint infusion ye-mucosa yangasese kanye ngosuku - iinkqubo ziyanciphisa ubuzwe be-mucosa ukuya kumbango wangaphandle.
Ukufuthwa kwamazambane ngokuchasene
Ubilise iizambane ngaphandle kokucoca amanzi. Yenza imizuzu engama-15-20 ngemizuzu yonke imihla. Kubalulekile: ngethuba le nkqubo, awukwazi ukumboza intloko yakho ukuze ugweme ukuvuvukala. Inkqubo efanelekileyo yokunyanga yimihla eyi-10-12, ukuba kuyimfuneko, phinda.
Unyango lwe-obstruction kunye neebomile zokuhlambela
Thatha isipuni sesityambo esomileyo se-camomile, uthele i-250 milliliters yamanzi abilayo, gxininisa imizuzu engama-20-25. Ngethuba le nkqubo, bhala i-pumps ye-pumps for 7-10 seconds. Pheka kabini ngeveki ukupheka, ukuqhuba nganye imigaqo engekho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5.
Ukuthintela ukudibanisa kwamanzi
- ukunciphisa oonxibelelwano nezigulane ezineentsholongwane zokuphefumula;
- unyango lwezifo zendlebe, umphimbo, impumlo;
- Ukukhutshwa kwamanyathelo angenelelo kwisigxina somlomo, ukulimala ebusweni / ekhaleni;
- ukugcinwa komswakama ophezulu womoya kwindawo yokuhlala;
- Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezingalunganga kwisakhiwo sempumlo;
- ukukhanyela kwimikhwa emibi, uhamba rhoqo emoyeni omtsha;
- ukunamathela kwimigaqo yokutya okunonophelo.
Ukuxinwa kwe-Nasal isifo esibuhlungu kakhulu imeko yomzimba kwaye sinciphise umgangatho wobomi njengesihlungu senhliziyo okanye intlungu yokubuya. Musa ukuqala kwesi sifo, ukususa rhoqo iimpawu nge-vasoconstrictor drops, engozini yokufumana iingxaki ezinzulu. Oogqirha bancomela ukuba xa kubonakala iimpawu zokuqala zokuxhalaba, qhagamshelana neengcali, zihlolwe kwaye zithathe ikhosi yokunyanga.