Isantya sophuhliso
Abazali bahlala bexhalaba malunga nokuba abantwana babo baqala ukuhlala phantsi, bakhweba okanye bathethe kamva kunabanye. Nangona kunjalo, simele sikhumbule ukuba ngamnye umntwana unomlinganiselo ngamnye wokuphuhlisa. Umgaqo wukuthi ukuba umntwana ufunda izakhono ezintsha kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukuba umntwana wazalwa kungekudala, kuyimfuneko ukuyiqwalasela le nto xa uhlola ukuphuhliswa kwayo. Injongo yokuhlolisana nosana kwiinyanga ezisibhozo kukufumanisa i-gap yentuthuko. Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka isizathu sesigqeba kunye nokuchonga ukuba ngaba umntwana uya kuba nobunzima ekufundeni.
Umntwana uhleli
Ngexesha loviwo, ugqirha ubuza abazali ukuba babonise indlela umntwana ejika ngayo kwaye ahlale ngaphandle kokuncediswa. Ngeenyanga ezisibhozo, abantwana banokubancika emilenzeni yabo ukuba baxhaswa zizibambiso, kunye ne-some-crawl. Ukuba ngeenyanga ezili-9 umntwana akanakuhlala phantsi, oku kubonisa ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni. Umntwana onjalo ufuna iimviwo ezipheleleyo. Phantse zonke iinyanga ezineminyaka ezisibhozo zizinzileyo ziziphatha ngokufanelekileyo xa zinika i-cube encinane. Baya kuye, bathabathe, bathabathe ukusuka entendeni ukuya kwelinye, baze bafake emilonyeni yabo. Ugqirha unokuvavanya ngekhampu eziliqela - kule minyaka ubudala umntwana kufuneka asebenzise ngezandla zombini. Ugqirha ubuza abazali ukuba umntwana uqale ukuthabatha izinto ezincinci kwaye ahlole izakhono zamancinci. Abantwana abancinci babamba izinto kunye nesandla sabo sonke. Kwiinyanga ezisibhozo basebenzisa isithupha kunye neenkomfa zenkcazo kule nto.
Ukulandelwa
Maxa wambi abantwana abakwazi ukwenza iimvavanyo ezichazwe ngasentla ngenxa yokugula. Kule meko, ugqirha uhlalutya ulwazi olufunyenwe kubazali. Ukuba kukho ukungathandabuzeki, umisela uviwo lwesibini kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuphucula izakhono zamandla, umntwana ufuna iimboniselo ezaneleyo. Umntwana oneminyaka enesibhozo ukhangele phantsi kwaye unika ingqwalasela kwiinkcukacha ezincinci eziqaqambileyo, umzekelo imihlobiso kwikhekhe. Ugqirha kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba ukunyuka kwamehlo omntwana kuhambelana, kunye nokufumanisa ukuba kukho na iimeko zokuxubusha kwintsapho. Xa ukufumanisa ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwe-strabismus kunye nokungabi nonyango, ukuphazamiseka kombono kwenzeka kwelinye iliso. Ngoko ke, le ntsholongwane kubalulekile ukuxilonga ngokukhawuleza kwangoko kwaye uthumele umntwana ekuboniswaneni kunye ne-ophthalmologist. Ugqirha uvavanya imeko jikelele yomntwana, kubandakanywa umbono, ukuva, ukutya, ukulala. Iinkcukacha malunga nokuphuhliswa kwengane zibhaliswe kwingxelo yonyango. Ngeenyanga ezisibhozo, abantwana baqala ukubiza izilwanyana, umzekelo, "yebo-ewe" okanye "ha-ha". Iimvavanyo zokuziphatha zingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya intetho yomntwana, kodwa ngoku zihlala zichithwa yi-electrophysiological yokuhlola i-audiometric.
Ukuva uNgxaki
Njengengxaki yokubanda, abanye abantwana bahlakulela i-otitis media (i-inflammation ear ear, engathintela imeko yokuvalelwa). Ukuba kukho ukukrokra kokulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kuhlolwa ingqalelo (ukuguqula intloko kumthombo wesandi), okanye umntwana ubhekiselwa kwi-otolaryngologist yabantwana. Ukuba elinye lamalungu entsapho lijongene nokungazithulu, kufuneka kuhlolwe uvavanyo olunzulu. Ubuthongo obuninzi obuninzi kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-ezisibhozo luzolile. Nangona kunjalo, abanye bavuka baze bafune ukutya. Ngako oko, unina womntwana unokudinwa kakhulu, oku kuvame ukukhokelela ekuphuculweni kokudakumba kwesithuba.
Indlela yokulala
Ugqirha unokufumana isigqibo sokuvuswa komntwana ngokukhawuleza ebusuku. Kweminye imimandla, kukho amaqela akhethekileyo apho abazali baqeqeshwa khona ukulungisa ukulala nokuziphatha komntwana. Kwi-polyclinic kwindawo yokuhlala, umntwana uhlala elinganiselwe, kwaye isicwangciso sokondla sixoxwa kunye nezingane zakudala zesithili. Ngeminyaka eli-9, inani lobisi ekudleni komntwana liye linciphisa libe ngu-600 ml, kwaye inani elipheleleyo lokutya kufuneka lihlulwe zibe zizidlo ezintathu. Abantwana abancancisayo badinga imithombo eyongezelelweyo yentsimbi. Bangakwazi ukufumana ifomula yobusana okanye ukucheka (imifuno nenyama). Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokuvavanya umntwana oneminyaka engama-ezisibhozo kukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwezihlanganisi zomlenze. Oku kusenza sikwazi ukubona iimpawu zentsholongwane yokuzalwa komntwana (i-congenital dysplasia ye-hip joint). Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhangele ukuba ngaba abafana baye bawisa i-testicles kwi-scrotum. Amaninzi amakhwenkwe ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wempilo yamathambo ahla ngokuzimela, ngaphandle koko unyango olufunekayo.
Itafile yokuphuhliswa komzimba
Umongikazi ulinganisa umntwana, ulinganisa ubude bakhe kunye nokujikeleza kwentloko kwaye urekhode idatha ngohlobo lwendlela yokuphakama kwesisindo kwitshathi yonyango. Isisindo esisodwa singaniki nkcazelo malunga nokuba umntwana uzuza kangakanani, ngoko kufuneka kwenziwe njalo. Ekupheleni kophando, idatha ifakwe kwingxelo yonyango. Iqulethe ulwazi malunga nokugonya, kwaye ugqirha unokubeka iliso ukuthotyelwa kwishedyuli yokugonywa okumelwe kwenziwe ngeli xesha. Ugqirha uxoxa ngokunyamekela kwabazali bakhe ukukhusela izingozi, iindlela zokunyamekela ulusu namazinyo omntwana, kwaye uxwayise ukuba ukutshaya kwabazali kungalimaza impilo yengane.