Okwangoku, i-ultrasound, okanye ngenye indlela, ukuchonga i-echography, yindlela ekhuselekileyo, eqhelekileyo kwaye ephumelelayo yokuhlola ikhosi yokukhulelwa. Imifanekiso ye-Transvaginal ikuvumela ukuba ubone iqanda lomntwana eliselunxwemeni lweentsuku ezingama-21 emva kokukhulelwa, kwaye emva kwezine-kunye nomhlali weqanda.
Kubalulekile ukuba ngowokuqala ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound yathwala ingcali eyazi kakuhle kwi-diagnostic yangaphambi kokubeleka. Emva koko uza kukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ulungile, uya kuba nako ukunceda abazali bexesha elizayo bajonge ezindlebeni, amehlo kunye neepeni zentsana ezayo.
Bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo banenkxalabo malunga nokukhuselwa kwe-ultrasound. Ngowe-1978 (ngoko i-ultrasound yayingasetyenziswanga ngokubanzi), uphando lwaluqhutywa kwimiba ye-biological yefuthe le-ultrasound kwiimfucu eziphilayo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba nakwiimeko ezininzi ezingaphezu kwemilinganiselo ephezulu ye-ultrasound, akukho monakalo ebangelwa ama-embryos ngexesha le-diagnostic process.
Kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ukukhishwa kwe-ultrasound kuthatha umphumo ongalunganga. Unyaka ngamnye, ngokweengxelo, malunga nekhulu labantwana eMoscow bazalwa nge-Down syndrome. Akunabo bonke oogqirha abaziyo ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukrokreza lesi sifo esibi kakhulu ngoncedo lwezochonga ngexesha leveki ezi-12-13. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhuba uvavanyo lokuqala lwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokuphela kweli xesha. Makhe sibone ukuba kutheni.
- Ngeli thuba, iimeko ezingalunganga zentsholongwane kunye nabamakishi be-pathology ye-chromosomal zifunyanwe kakuhle. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva koko, iimpawu ze-ultrasound ezingakwazi ukubona i-Down's syndrome kunye nezinye izifo ezinzulu ziyakonakala ngaphandle kokulandelelana.
- Xa kukho ukusola nge-pathology ye-chromosomal, oogqirha banethuba lokuqhuba isifundo esithile semfuza kunye nokuba kukho umphumo ongathintekiyo wokuphelisa ukukhulelwa.
- I-trimester yokuqala ilungele ukusekwa kweminyaka yobudala bentsholongwane ngokuchaneka kweentsuku eziliqela. Xa kukho naluphi na ubunzima, izithinteli zizakukhokelwa ngokuchanekileyo kule minyaka.
Kwiindlela zokuqala zokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound yenziwa ngokuphandelelwa kwezi njongo:
- Ubungqina bokukhulelwa. I-ultrasound yindlela echanekileyo yokufumana ukukhulelwa kumazinga okuqala.
- Inkcazo yekota. Ngeveki yesihlanu ngoncedo lwe-ultrasound, unokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokukhulelwa. Iphutha liphela iintsuku ezingama-2-3, kuba ngeli xesha zonke iziqhamo ziyafana.
- Indawo yeqanda. Kwiindlela zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kungafunyanwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimeko xa kukho indawo ye-2 ye-fetal bags kwangoko. Kule meko, enye ifumaneke ngokuchanekileyo, enye ingaphandle kwesibeleko. Ukujonga ukuba kukho ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, i-ultrasound yokuqala isenziwa rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-10 zokulibazisa.
- Ubunzima bombungu. I-ultrasound kwiveki yesihlanu yokukhulelwa kukuvumela ukuba ulungise ukunyakaza komntwana, kwaye ngeveki yesine ungabona indlela intliziyo yombindi ifutshane ngayo.
- Inani leziqhamo. Kwixesha leiveki ezintandathu, i-ultrasound inokubona ukuba kukho i-yolk ezimbini kunye neengxowa ze-fruity. Ngokuphuhliswa kweebhokhwe ezimbini kwi-uterus, izingozi zanda kakhulu (malunga namaxesha angama-10). Kule meko, ezininzi i-ultrasound ayikwazi ukwenza, kubalulekile ukwenza njalo ngokuqhelekileyo.
- Ukuxelisa ukukhulelwa. Xa ukhulelwe, ngenxa yendlela yokuqala ye-ultrasound, unokufumanisa ukuba ukuxelisa ukukhulelwa ngamakhadi e-ovari, i-uterine fibroid okanye ezinye iintlobo zezifo.
- Ingozi yokukhipha isisu. Ukuba ibhinqa libala kwiinqanaba zokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba intliziyo yombungu isebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Kwiiveki eziyi-3-4, i-ultrasound ingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwe-placental akuyi kwenzeka, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ngoko-ke ulandele umlinganiselo we-detachment ukwenzela ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuphuma kwesisu ekuncinci.
Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound yokuqala kwimigangatho yokuqala inokunceda ukucacisa imeko yepentecenta. Zonke iinkqubo ze-ultrasound ezongezelelweyo zinika ithuba lokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo indlela ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka ngayo.