Ukuqhagamshelana okufutshane kwe-artery kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous iyenza ibe yingozi kakhulu, nangona utshintsho oluncinci kwisakhiwo se-bone-cartilaginous of the spine. Iingcali ze-neuropathologists ziyibiza ngokuthi "i-arterial artery in conditions extracranial." Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-plexus yentsholongwane kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala komonakalo, izihlunu ze-muscle ne-muscle, ukukhula okungabonakali kwemvelo, ukuhlengahlengiswa kunye nokusabalalisa kwangaphambili, kunye nokungafani kwamanyathelo okuhlanganyelana.
Ndazikhethela iindlela ezintathu ezithintekayo zempembelelo yomgudu onobuchopho begazi kunye nokusasazwa kwe-cerebral:
1) ukucaphuka komfutho wegazi (ngaphandle kwexinzelelo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwayo), okubangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula;
2) imiphumo engqalileyo kwiinqanawa, ukunyanzeliswa kwayo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqibelelo, ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ichaphazela imeko yokuhambisa;
3) iziphumo ezinzima ezithintekayo kwinqanawa, egalela ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo ye-atherosclerotic kunye nokubunjwa kwamacwecwe, okuye okuchaphazela inkqubo yokujikeleza kwiinqanawa zobuchopho.
Ngenxa yokuvuselela umbane wengxenye ehamba phambili, i-spasm ikhula kwindawo ye-axillo-atlanto-occipital. Eli sebe, eliqhelekileyo kwimithwalo yalo mkhulu, yindawo yecala. Ngendlela yokuxhatshazwa kwe-vascular, kuyimfuneko ukuba ingqalelo iingxaki zokuhlawulwa kwegazi lokunikezelwa kwegazi yengqondo. Ukuntuleka kwegazi, okubangelwa ukubetha, kunokuhlawulelwa ngu:
1) ukunyuka kwegazi kuqhutywe kumzobo womhlaba;
2) i-retroastoid anastomosis;
3) ngokusebenzisa imirhobho edibeneyo yangemva kwe-circle ye-Willis.
Ukuhamba kwegazi okuxhasayo akukho kuzo zonke iimeko ngokulinganayo ngokubakho ngenxa yokuhlukahluka komntu ngamnye kunye nokusebenza ngendlela ekhoyo kwisakhiwo seempahla. Uninzi lophando luye lwazinikezelwa kwingxaki yomonakalo wengqondo ukususela kwinkulungwane ngaphambi kokugqibela. Abaphengululi bagxininisa ukukhuseleka okukodwa kwinkqubo yabasebenzi kwimithonjeni yomlomo. Xa umntwana esuswa, umthwalo onzima kakhulu uwela kuwo. Oku kuququzelelwe yimpawu zendlela: ukujikeleza kwentloko kunye namagxa okutshintshileyo, ukudonsa intloko phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, ukukhusela i-perineum ngokubhekiselele kwimeko yokuqhubeka, ukuxosha umntwana. Akukho nengozi yinto engumzuzu womshuwalense we-perineum ngokumalunga nokuzama ukuqhubeka. Kodwa lo mzuzwana ekubelekeni kudla ngokukhokelela ekusweleni iigamente zentliziyo-occipital kumntwana! Kwaye nangona umzimba womntu ozelweyo unokuhlangabezana nale nkcenkcesho encinci, emva kweminyaka engama-6-8 emva kokubeleka, xa umntwana eqala ukusebenzisa ixesha elide kwi-posture nge-anteflexia yentloko, xa umntwana eqala ukulungiselela isikolo kwaye enze nayiphi na enye into echanekileyo, kukho !! Imisipha kule minyaka isenamandla, kwaye iilervic-occipital ligaments zolule, kwaye ngenxa yoko - i-vertebrae yomlomo iya kuqala ukudibanisana. Kuvavanyo lwe-X-ray, oku kubonakaliswa ngunjenge-staircase-like slipping of vertebrae yesibeleko ngendlela ye-pseudospendilolisthesis. Konke oku, kunye neengxaki ezincinci, kubangela umngcipheko wokulibazisa umgudu wokugulisa umlenze owenzeka kwinqanaba leenkqubo ezitshintshiweyo ze-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeleko.
Ngenxa yezixhobo ezihlawulelwayo eziphuculweyo, i-vertebrobasilar insufficiency ye-vascular ingahlawulwa ngokukhawuleza ixesha elide ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi ukusuka kwinkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphantsi kwefuthe lokugulisa ingqondo, uxinzelelo lomzimba, imeko ezixinzelelekileyo, ukuhlaziywa kwe-cerebral hemodynamics kuya kwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezibuhlungu, zibonakalisa njengeentloko, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-vegetative-vascular paroxysms, iziphazamiso ze-vestibula ezihambelana ne-symptom-complex complexity of cerebral vascular disability. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukungaphumeleli ukuhlawulela i-cerebral hemodynamics kunokukhokelela ekudakaleni okukhulu kwe-cerebral circulation kuze kuphuhliswe isifo se-cerebral ischemic.
Nokuba inkqubo yokuzalwa komzimba, ngenxa yezinto ezikhethileyo zendlela yokukhupha izibilini, ingaba nzima ngokulula ulwelo lwe-ligament ye-colervical spine, leyo eya kubangela ukungazinzi kwe-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeleko. Kule meko, ingozi inokungena kwintlungu engaphantsi kwekhaya okanye ukunyameka komzimba, okukhokelela ekugqibeleni i-vertebrae kunye ne-compression ye-PA. Kwizonyango, oku kubonakalisa njengendlela yokugulisa umlenze okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwentambo yomgogodla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxhomekeka okunjalo kungenzeka kwiphupha, ngokuguquka okungaziwayo kwekhanda okanye emva kwesinye i-somersault phezu kwentloko kwisifundo semfundo yenyama. Kwiimeko ezininzi zincinci, kukho ukuphulwa okungaqhelekanga kokungabikho kwemisipha yeparavertbral kwinqanaba le-vertebrae elimazileyo, ekhokelela ekuphuhliseni i-paresis ye-flaccid yeengalo kunye nebhinqa lehlombe, ehamba kunye ne-lag kwiimisipha ekukhuleni. Kukho ukunciphisa kwezi zihlunu xa kuthelekiswa nemisipha yecala eliphilileyo, elibonakaliswa ngu-asymmetry yokuma kwamagxa ehlombe kunye nebhinqa legxina kunye nokubunjwa kwe-scoliosis.
Ubuthakathaka bezinto ezigulisekileyo zomgudu womlomo wesibeleko kunye nokuphuhliswa kweziphazamiso eziphazamisayo kwiidiski ze-intervertebral, kwinqanaba le-vertebrae ephazamisekile, ikhokelela kwi-osteochondrosis yokuqala yomlomo wesibeleko. Ukuchonga abantwana abasengozini yokuxilwa kweengxaki zokuzalwa, kufuneka ukwazi inani leempawu, ezidibeneyo kwi-syndrome yokungenakwanela komlomo wesibeleko (CMS) kunye ne-syaton. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba babonakale ngenxa yengozi yomlomo wesibeleko kwaye bahlale ubomi, kuba ngumqondiso wonakalo emgodini wesibeletho. Isisombululo sokuqala esiyinkimbinkimbi - i-CMS syndrome, ngokwenene, yincinci ye-parapresisis yamagcekeni angaphezulu kwaye ivela ngenxa yesilonda esingekho sikrakra sokuqina komlomo wesibeletho somlenze. Ngaloo ndlela, ukusetyenziswa kweekliniki, i-radiological, syphomiographic, i-REG kunye ne-DG-iindlela kwenza kube lula ukuxilonga ngokunjalo, nangona kunjalo kwiifom ezingekho phantsi kobunzima bokulimala kwentamo.
Inxaxheba yentlungu yokunyamekela entanyeni kwi-pathogenesis yeengxaki zamehlo
Ingcamango ephakanyiswe nguyo inxulumene nobuthathaka bemisipha ye-ciliary, eyaziwa ngokuba ne-parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation, kunye ne-ischemia yeziko elizimeleyo elizimeleyo kwingingqi ye-postpot hypothalamus, ngakwesinye icala, nangakolunye uhlangothi, kunye nokuphazamiseka okwesibini kwe-hemodynamics kwi-basin kunye nemithambo emibi echaphazela ukunikezelwa kwegazi lweemisipha zokuhlala. Ukucacisa i-pathogenesis yeengxaki zokuhlala, sifunde ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-VBB nakwi-ICA kubantwana abasondeleyo abanokukhubazeka okungafaniyo komsebenzi wokuhlala. Iimpawu zentsingiselo zokuhamba kwegazi lomthamo webhasidididi ziyancipha kakhulu kubantwana bamaqela amathathu. Ngoku uyazi ukuba yiyiphi intlungu yomkhuhlane wesibeletho.