Xa kungabikho unyango, ukutshatyalaka kunokwenzeka. I-syndrome yokunyanzeliswa kwamanzi iyinto eqhelekileyo kubantwana kwaye iyakwazi ukuphucula ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kwimozulu eshushu okanye kwiintsholongwane zesisu ngokuhlanza nokurhuda. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, imfuneko esiphuthumayo yokuzalisa ukungabikho kwamanzi kunye ne-electrolytes (isaliti) emzimbeni. Yintoni esi sifo, funda kwinqaku elithi "Ukudakalisa isidumbu somzimba kunye nezindlela zokuwunqoba."
Izizathu zokudambiswa kwamanzi
Iimbangela zokudambiswa kwamanzi amaninzi zingabandakanya:
- ukuhlanza i-irofuznaya kunye / okanye urhudo;
- sezulu eshushu;
- umkhuhlane ophezulu ukwanda okukhulu;
- umsebenzi omzimba ongaphantsi ngaphandle kokusela;
- kutshisa.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-dishydration
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokungcoliswa kwamanzi, isiguli sinesicatshulwa esithile sempawu zeklinikhi. Izimpawu zokuphelelwa kwamanzi ziquka:
- unxaniwe, umlomo owomileyo kunye nentloko;
- kunciphise umthamo womchamo ogqithisiweyo;
- ukugquma kunye nokomisa kwesikhumba;
- i-ophthalmology yamehlo; kwiintsana kunokwenzeka ukuba iphose i-fontanelles (izikhala phakathi kwamathambo ekhanda);
- kuncipha kwixinzelelo legazi, ukunyuka kwentliziyo kunye nokuphefumula.
Emva kokuseka inkqubo yokunyuswa kwe-intravenous, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa isizathu sokungcoliswa kwamanzi kunye nokujonga ngenyameko imeko yesigulane.
Ukubuyisela
Ngeemfesi zokuzaliswa kwevolumu yomthamo, isigulane ngokukhawuleza siyaqhubeka siphumelele. Xa umntwana edidekile ngenxa yokudambisa amandla, unyango olunzulu lubangela ukunyamalala ngokukhawuleza kweempawu. Izigulane zihlala zilinganisela uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-pulse ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa kwimeko eqhelekileyo yenkqubo yokujikeleza kunye nokuphumelela kwonyango ye-hypovolemia (ukunciphisa kwindleko yegazi), oku kungenxa yokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ukuba isigulane sisesimweni esinzima, i-catheter ephakathi kwamanzi iyafuneka. Le nkqubo ayisebenzeli kuphela ukufakelwa kwezisombululo, kodwa kwakhona ukulinganisa uxinzelelo kwi-atrium-intsebenzo yongcinezelo yentsholongwane, enika ingcamango yezinga lokumisa umzimba.
Izimpawu zomzimba
Iimpawu zesimo somguli sixa kunye nombala womchamo. Ngokubuyiselwa kwegazi eliqhelekileyo kwizitho kunye nokusebenza kweentso, ukunyuka komchamo kwenyusa, okuya kuba yincinci. Kwiintsana, ii-fontanels kwakhona zifumana u-elasticity, kunye ne-skin-elasticity. Emva kokuvela kwentlekele, isigulane siqala ukuthatha amanzi ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yesimo esaneleyo, isigulane sinokuphepha ukunyuswa kwamanzi kwisisombululo ngokuthatha amanzi ngaphakathi. Ukulungiselela ukulungiswa komlomo kusetyenziswa kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantwana abanesifo sohudo.
Unyango oluxhasa
Nangona emva kokuphela kwe-infusion intravenous, kubalulekile ukuba uqhubeke nokuthatha inkunkuma ngaphakathi. Iingcebiso zegqirha zokubhedlelelwa esibhedlele zilandelayo:
- Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokungcoliswa kwamanzi, siphuze ubuncinane i-500 ml ye-fluid nganye ngeyure.
- Eyona nto ifanelekileyo ukulungiswa kwamanzi emdaka ngamanzi amaminerali ngaphandle kwegesi kunye nefuthe elimnandi.
- Ezinye iziyobisi, ezifana nekhofi kunye notywala, azikhuthazwa ukuba zizalise ilahleko, njengoko zikhuthaza ukukhululwa komchamo, ukunyusa ingxaki.
Ukuba isigulane sinako ukusela, indlela ephumeleleyo yokuzalisa umthamo womnzi emzimbeni kukuthatha izisombululo zetyuwa. Emazweni asathuthuka, amalungiselelo okuvuselelwa ngomlomo awalondoloze ubomi babantwana abaninzi abanesifo sohudo esinamandla, umzekelo, kunye nekholera. Ezi zizombululo zikhonza njengomthombo obaluleke kakhulu kwisigulane:
- amanzi;
- i-sodium chloride (ityuwa);
- i-potassium chloride (amaminerali);
- i-glucose (iswekile).
Ngomdaka obunzima ngenxa yesifo sohudo, isisombululo esithile se-glucose-brine isisombululo (kuxhomekeke kubudala kunye nobunzima) kufuneka kuthathwe emva kokuchaswa nganye. Ngoku siyazi ukuba kuphelelwa yintoni ukungcola kwamanzi kunye nendlela yokuwunqoba ngayo ngoncedo lwonyango olufanelekileyo.