Ngokuqinisekileyo abaninzi abantu bayazi igama elithi "isikhumba njengengane". Yonke intombazana, emva kokuva ukuncoma okunjalo kwidilesi yakhe, iya kuba nemihlali kwaye iyonwabise. Ngenxa yokuba eli binzana lidibene
ngento encinci, ithambileyo, i-velvet, umbala we-pink ngobumnene.
Ngoko kufanele ukuba ngumntwana, kodwa kwenzeka okuchaseneyo, xa ulusu lomntwana lushiya ukuba lunqweneleke kwaye lukhathazeke ngabazali.
Okokuqala, abazali abancinci banenkxalabo malunga nokunyamekela okufanelekileyo komntwana kunye nesimo sempilo yakhe nesikhumba. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyamekela ulusu lomntwana, oko kufanele ukuba yintoni, ukuba uyilumkiso kunye nento omele ukuyilandela. Le mibuzo ifuna inkcazelo ende kunye neenkcazo. Siza kuthetha ngoku ngoku.
Imisebenzi yesikhumba kunye nesakhiwo sayo.
Ulusu lomntu luneziqendu 2 (i-epidermis kunye nedermis). Epidermis - isikhumba sangaphandle sesikhumba, esakhiwa ngee-horny kunye ne-basal layers. I-Dermis - ingaphantsi kwe-epidermis kwaye iyisicu esisebenzayo apho izinwele zeenwele ziphendukile. Kwaye kunye ne-sebaceous and sweat glands.
Ulusu lenza inani lemisebenzi ebalulekileyo:
· Ukukhusela
· Inkcazo
· UkuLawula utywala
· Ukuphefumula
· Ukuqonda
· Intsebenzo
Isikhumba esitsha.
Lezo zixhobo, esathetha ngazo ngasentla, zivela kumntu omdala kunye nosana oluzalwayo. Ngoku siza kuthetha ngeempawu zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kumntwana. Ulusu lwabantwana abaselula luyinkxalabo eninzi, inempawu ezininzi ezenza umntwana abe sisengozini kwaye akhathathwe. Bonke aba bazali abancinci kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga nale mpawu ukuze banike uncedo olungileyo.
· Umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa usenesikhumba esincinci (3-4 imigca yeeseli). Ekubeni lo luhlu lwenza umsebenzi okhuselayo, ngenxa yobunzima balo, umntwana kulula kakhulu ukulimaza. Uluhlu oluncinci lwesikhumba alusebenzi ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi we-thermoregulatory, ngoko umntwana usanda kuphazamisa kwaye akhathele.
· Iintsana zinomqolo ongapheliyo, apho i-epidermis nedermis zixhunyiwe. Ngako oko, umntwana ongaphezu kwabantu abadala unomdla wokungena emzimbeni wesifo.
· Ukungena kwintsholongwane egazini kuququzelelwe yinkqubo ephucukileyo ye-capillaries. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, ikhuthaza ukutshintshwa kwegesi efanelekileyo yesikhumba. Ngamanye amazwi, umsebenzi wokukhusela ulusu lolutsha luphantsi kakhulu kwesikhumba somntu omdala.
· Olunye uhlobo lwekhumba olusandul 'usana luqulethwe ngamanzi angama-80-90%, ngokungafani nomntu omdala, umxholo wakhe wamanzi u-65-70%. Lo mxholo wamanzi kumzimba womntwana kufuneka ugcinwe rhoqo, kuba ngenxa yecala elincinci lesikhumba, amanzi aphuphuma ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwaye ulusu luqala ukoma.
· Isikhumba kubantwana abancinci asivikelekanga ekungeneni kwemisebe ye-ultra violet ngenxa ye-melanin ephantsi.
Iingcebiso zokunyamekela ulusu lolutsha lwakho.
· Qinisekisa ukushisa okuphezulu. Le nto, kunye neenkqubo zokucoceka, inendima ebalulekileyo ekunyamekelweni kakuhle kwesikhumba somntwana. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ukuze isikhumba somntwana sigcine ubushushu obushushu kwaye asilahlekelwa ngumlinganiselo wamanzi adingekayo emzimbeni, kuba ulusu lutsha lusenakukwazi ukujamelana nomsebenzi we-thermoregulatory. Kulo gumbi apho umntwana ekhona, kufuneka ugcine ubushushu obusoloko, malunga nama-degrees angama-20, ukukhusela ekugqithiseni, mhlawumbi umntwana angakhula.
• Uhlambe ngokupheleleyo umntwana osana. Ngaphandle kokungqinelani, umntwana kufuneka ahlambe imihla ngemihla. Ukwenza oku, uya kufuna amanzi ukusuka kwipompo. Ubushushu bamanzi bube ngama-36-37 degrees. Isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate kufuneka songezwe kumanzi. Ukuphindwa kabini ngeveki, uhlambe umntwana ngomntwana wesepha, uhlambe intloko yesibini 1-2 ngeveki kunye nesepha lomntwana okanye isambulelo sekhethelo lesana. Ungakulibali ukuba akukho nantoni intsha leyo inokuxutywa ngamanzi asemzimbeni anesisombululo se-manganese.
Hlaziya i sikhumba. Nsuku zonke, jonga ulusu lolutsha lwakho. Ukuba ubona indawo ezomileyo, zixube. Ukwenza oku, amayeza asekhaya (umnquma okanye ioli ye-sunflower), ngaphambi kokunyanzeliswa. I-Vaseline ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanzeleka, kodwa ayisebenzisekanga.
• Ukwelapha isikhumba semvelo. Emva kokuba unqamle isikhumba somntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, phatha amahlumela kwindawo yokuguqa, emadolweni, entanyeni nakwezinye iintlobo. Faka isicelo salokhu unako ukrakela okhethekileyo kancinci. Ukucoca ukhilimu wonke umzimba awunakwenzeka. Njengoko oku kuya kuguba iipore kwaye ulusu luyayeka ukuphefumla. Oku kunokubangela u-hypoxia okanye ukungabi nalutho lwe-oksijini egazini.
· Phatha isilonda esiswini. Inxeba ye-umbilical kufuneka iphathwe de ibe ivalwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayiyi kubakho i-excretions ngexesha lotyando. Kule nkqubo uza kuyidinga i-3% ye-hydrogen peroxide isisombululo. Xa uphatha, hambisa iimilo zekhowudi. Iintonga eziphantsi kwelinxeba kufuneka zisuswe. Emva kokufeza le nkqubo, phatha intambo yomgca nge-1-2% isisombululo se-green (zelenok) okanye i-permanganate e-5%. Ingcaciso ecacileyo kunye nebonakalayo, oku kuya kukufundisa umongikazi ohambeleyo.
• Ukubonelela umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa ngomoya kunye nokushisa ilanga . Abazali bacinga ukuba yilokho batshayayo umntwana wabo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalolu hlobo, le nkqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlambulukeni kwesikhumba, njengoko incedisa umntwana ukuba akhuphe ukukhupha nokukhwabanisa. Xa uhlamba, umntwana akafanele abe yelanga ilanga ngqo, njengoko ulusu lomntwana alukhuselekanga kwi-ultra violet ray. Unokulala phantsi komyezo phantsi komthi okanye kwi-veranda, ngokwemvelo, ukuba ukushisa kwemoya kuvumela. Le nkqubo inceda umntwana osanda kuzalwa ukuba avuselele kwaye xa efumana iqondo elincinci lemitha ye-ultra violet, ivelise i-vitamin D. Ebusika, kunjalo, kufuneka unciphise umntwana ekuphumeni kwelanga, kodwa unokukubonelela ngamabhafu e-air. Xa ukukhwabanisa kwanele ukushiya umntwana umzuzwana unqunu. Ingane eneminyaka engama-3 ingathatha iibhakabhaka zomoya kwiimitha ezili-15-20 ngosuku, isiqingatha seminyaka engama-30, kunye nomnyaka ukuya kwi-40 imizuzu ngemini.
Ukuba uyinyamekela ulusu lolusana, umntwana wakho uya kujongela impilo yakho kwaye angazondeli nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye ukuphazamiseka.
