Iimpawu ezilandelayo zibonisa ukunqotshwa kwesinye sinus (sinus):
- I-frontite - ihamba kunye nentlungu ebunzini.
- I-Sinusitis - ibangela intlungu kwindawo yomhlathi osemahlathini kunye namazinyo, ukukhathazeka ngaphezu kwezihlathi.
- I-Etmoiditis - yimbangela yentlungu phakathi kwamehlo ngamanye amaxesha ikhokelela ekuvupheni kwezicubu ezungeze amehlo kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumsindo.
- I-Sphenoiditis - ibangela intlungu kwiindlebe, entanyeni nasezintlungu ezibuhlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yentloko.
Uninzi lweziganeko ze-sinusitis ezikhulayo zikhula emva kokusuleleka kwentsholongwane yokuphefumula, ngokuqhelekileyo kwintsholongwane. Usulelo lwentsholongwane ka-Virus lubangela ukuvuvukala komzimba we-sinus mucosa, esisombululo kwisithuba seveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukuphulwa kokuphuma kwe-muscus kwizono zepasanaal, eziba yindawo efanelekileyo yokusuleleka kwebhaktheriya. Kule khosi eqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwe-sinus, iibhaktheriya ziqala ukwandisa ngokunyanisekileyo, eziqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiindinyana zomzimba (ngokuqhelekileyo iStptococcus pneumoniae okanye i-Haemophilus influenzae). Ngezinye izihlandlo, imbangela ye-sinusitis ingaba yintsholongwane yefungal. I-sinusitis engapheliyo ibangelwa ngokudibanisa usulelo kunye nenxalenye yesifo. Izigulane eziphethwe yi-bronchial asthma okanye i-rhinitis ye-allergen ihlala isifo esiqhambileyo sesono se-paranasal. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwe-sinus mucosa kuphuhliswa ekuphenduleni isenzo se-allergen (umz., Umthungelwano okanye uthuli lomhlaba) okanye enye inomsindo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-sinusitis akuyona into elula, kuba iimpawu kwiintlobo ezininzi zihambelana nokubonakaliswa kwezifo eziqhelekileyo ezibandayo nezikhuhlane. Iintloko ziya kuphutha ngenxa yesifo se-sinusitis, xa zingabangela umxhamo wegazi ophezulu okanye i-migraine. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe kwimbali enenkcukacha yesifo kunye neenkcukacha zophando, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba iimvavanyo ezizodwa, ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic yeesono okanye i-MR-imaging. I-Sinusitis isifo esiqhelekileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba i-14% yabemi ixhamla kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-sinusitis. Abantu abangaphezu kwe-85% abanomkhuhlane banokugqabhuka kwezono zepanasanaal. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo isistim (esisemva kwesithambo se-zygomatic), silandelwa ukuvuvukala kwesono se-ethmoidal (esiphakathi kwamehlo). Unyango lwesifo sinusitis luquka inzame yokubuyisela ukuphuma okuqhelekileyo kokukhupha kwi-sinus, ukuphelisa ukuvutha nokunciphisa intlungu.
Amachiza
Nangona ukuphumelela kwee-antibiotics kwi-sinusitis ephilileyo ihlala ingquzulwano, oogqirha abaninzi basalula izidakamizwa ezininzi, ngezinye iiveki ezimbalwa. I-sinusitis elula ngokuqhelekileyo isabela ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkatho ezinxulumene nabasebenzi be-decongestants ngokulawulwa komnxeba okanye ngomlomo kunye nokuphalaza. Ama-decongestants angama-asethi ayifanele asetyenziswe iintsuku ezingaphezu kwezine, njengoko isongela ukuphuhliswa kwe-syndrome ye-retraction ngokunyuka kwe-edema yeembrane ezinqabileyo, kodwa ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Ekubeni imbangela yesifo esingapheliyo sinusitis ayifumaneki isifo, iintsholongwane ze-antibiotic zinciphise isicelo. Injongo yonyango kule ngxaki kukugwema ukudibanisa neentlungu (umzekelo, umsi wesigaretti) okanye i-allergen kunye nokuphelisa ukuvuvukala ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-nasal sprays.
Unyango o
Ngonyango olungenakucala lonyango lusetyenziselwa unyango olunyango; Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokufikelela kwi-endoscopic. Uninzi lwezigulane lunokuphucuka okubalulekileyo emva kokungenelela. Ukuze unyango lwe-sinusitis, le nkqubo ilandelwayo:
- Ukulungiswa kwe-septum yempumlo (udonga lwe-bone-cartilaginous oluhlukanisa umlomo womnquba ube ngamacandelo amabini).
- Ukususwa kweetyhubhu ezingaphezulu kwempumlo kunye nokudala unxibelelwano phakathi kwee sinus kunye nesigxina somnxweme wokusebenza kwamanzi embran membranes.
- Ukususwa kweendawo ezitshintshileyo-eziguqulwayo eziguqulwayo.
- Abantwana bahlala bekwazi ukusombulula ingxaki ye-sinusitis ngokususa i-adenoids, enoba ukuvuvukala kunye ne-edema kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwezigwegwe.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, isono sinusitis sinqunyululwe ngaphandle kweyonyango okanye malunga nemvelaphi yokusetyenziswa kwamanani amancinci omzimba we-steroid. I-sinusitis engapheliyo iyanqandwa kakhulu kunyango, kwaye ngokudibanisa negalelo elidityanisiweyo lingafuna unyango lwangexesha elide kunye nokungabandakanywa kokuqhagamshelana nezilwanyana kunye neengxaki. Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuvuvukala kwesono se-paranasal kunokukhokelela kwiinkathazo ezinzima, umzekelo, ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane engqondweni okanye kwiso ukudalela imithwalo yegazi yentloko. Ukongezelela, ngokungena kwintsholongwane kumathambo ajikelezayo, kunokwenzeka ukuhlakulela ukutshatyalaliswa kwithambo elijikeleze i-sine. I-sinusitis engapheliyo (kunye nomzekelo, i-asthma ye-bronchial) ibhekisela kwizifo ezifuna ukubeka iliso rhoqo, kuba ukuphilisa okupheleleyo akunakwenzeka; isiguli kufuneka sithathe amanyathelo alula ukunciphisa iimpawu. Izigulane ezininzi zichaza ukuba ukufakelwa kweefayili ezikhethekileyo endlwini, ukunyusa umoya, kunciphisa kakhulu iimpawu zesifo, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuhlala ezishushu. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwezicatshulwa kwiinkqubo zemoya zomoya kunceda ukunciphisa umxholo kuwo kunye nokunye okuvuthayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigulane sinomuva olungcono ngokuphepha ukuthintana kunye nee-agents ezibangelwa iimpendulo zokugula, ezifana ne-pollens kunye nothuli lomhlaba. Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kotywala kungonakaliseki isigulane esinesifo esingapheliyo, kuba utywala unemiphumo yesisu, ekhokelela ekunyukeni kwe-nascus. Abaninzi abanesifo sengqondo sokugulana neengxaki zokugulisa isisombululo, i-sulphites kunye nezinye izinto zewayini.