Ukunyuka komntwana kumntwana ngesantya


Ingaba umntwana uyaxhamla? Akunakwenzeka kuphela ukuba iintsana zanamhlanje zingadli ukutya amaninzi, ngoko ngoku zibangelwa zizifo kunye nokucinezeleka? Kukho uluvo lokuba kunokubakho ukungabikho komzimba kumntwana ngesantya. Ngaba oku kunjalo ngokwenene?

Ukusuka kwimbono yezokwelapha, oku akunjalo ngokupheleleyo. Isiseko se-Pathogenetic yezifo ezikhuselekisayo kubantwana ziphendulela kwi-immunopathological reaction, ukuphuhliswa kwayo ehambelana nokukhuthaza (ukuqonda) komzimba kwizinto kunye nezixhobo ezinemihlaba ye-allergenic. Ukungena kwezilwanyana kwiimeko zangaphakathi zomzimba kungenziwa ngegciwane lokutya (iimveliso zokutya, amayeza, izithako zamakhemikhali ekudleni), inhalation (izindlu zomoya, i-pollen allergens, i-compounds), i-parenterally ngegazi (i-agents e-pharmacological, vaccins), kunye ukungena kwe-allergen kwesikhumba (i-chemical compounds).

Impembelelo yobudala bomntwana ekuphuhliseni ukukhuthazwa kwezilwanyana ezithile zilandelwa. Ngokomzekelo, ukuguquka kokutya kudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantwana beminyaka yokuqala yobomi. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezisemgangathweni kwizinto ezikhuselekileyo kubonakala ngokukhawuleza kubantwana abanomdla wokufa ngenxa yokugula, kunye nomsebenzi okhuselekileyo wezitho zamathambo ngokubhekiselele kuma-antigen angaphandle kunye nokuqhagamshelana ixesha elide lomntwana kunye ne-allergen. Nanku kuya kuba kufanelekile ukuthetha ngokubaluleka koxinzelelo, phantsi kwempembelelo yendlela yokuphendulwa kwemizwa eyenziwa ngayo. Ngaloo ndlela, uxinzelelo aluyiyo imbangela yokugula komntwana, kodwa iyashukumisa, yandisa imeko.

Ngethuba lobuncinci, uxinzelelo lomntwana lunokutshintshwa kwondlo olusisiseko nokupheliswa komama ukuba ancelise, kunye nokuqaliswa kokuqala kokutya okuncedisayo. Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yokukhathazeka kwengane, ukuhlukana komama, ukungabikho kolwazi kunye nothando lwabazali. Kwiminyaka yesikolo, umntwana unokufumana ngenxa yokuvavanya, ubudlelwane kunye nootitshala kunye noontanga. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba zonke iimvakalelo ezimbi ezibangelwa ngumntwana zingathintela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo esichaphazelekayo. Ngokumalunga nokunyuka kwezifo eziphazamisayo kubantwana, kukho isidingo sokuphuhlisa nokuphumeza iinkqubo ezizodwa zokukhusela.

Ukudla ngokweqile ngoomama ngexesha lokukhulelwa kokutya okunomsebenzi ophezulu we-allergenic (ubisi, amaqanda, intlanzi, ijusi, njl.) Kungabangela ukukhushulwa komntwana. Ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ze-atopic (i-diathesis) kwiintsana, izilwanyana ezithintekayo kwizifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathwa ngabaama ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye neyeza-antibiotic zonyango ezibhekiselele kulo, kwaye ikakhulu imithi ye-antibiotics yechungechunge lwe-penicillin, lunokuthi lugqithise. Umphumo wokutshaya umsi womntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaphawulwa kwi-46% yabantwana abane-asthma ye-bronchial. Ukuxhaphaka okukhulu kwezifo ezikhuselekisayo zesikhumba kunye nezitho zokuphefumula kubonakala kubantwana abazalelwe ngabafazi abasebenza ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwiimveliso zamathambo kunye namachiza. I-Hypoxia yobusana, isongelo sokuphuphuma kwesisu, isifo senhliziyo kunye nesifo se-bronchopulmonary sikamama, inkqubo yokuzalwa yokubeleka inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphuhliswa kwemvelo. Umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwezifo ze-atopic kubantwana ziphuma emva kwezifo zentsholongwane ezithintekayo ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Idata echaziweyo ibonisa ukuba kuyimfuneko yokunciphisa umthwalo wokunciphisa umzimba: ukukhutshwa kwemveliso enomsebenzi ophezulu wokukhuthaza, ukukhawulelwa kwonyango lweziyobisi kunye nezibonakaliso eziqinileyo, ukukhusela izingozi zomsebenzi, ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo zentsholongwane.

Kubantwana abancinci, imbangela ephezulu yokutya ukungabikho komzimba ukunyamezela kwiiprotheni zobisi zeenkomo. Ukuxiliswa kwindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwayo. Ubisi lwebele buqukethe i-bettalactoglobulin kumaxesha angama-60000-100000 ngaphantsi kweengxube zobisi. Ngoko ke, xa abantwana besengxakekwaneni echaphazelekayo kunye nokuvela kwimeko yokugula, kuyimfuneko ukuphelisa ubisi lweenkomo kwizondlo zoomama.

Isiqalo sokuqala sokuba nezifo eziphazamisayo zenkqubo yokuphefumula kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isifo se-asthma sisifo sentsholongwane. Ukunciphisa isifo segciwane sinokufezekiswa ngokuphucula ngokomzimba kweli qela labantwana kwaye kugcinwe ulawulo lwama-allergen.

Ukutshaya kwabazali kunye namanye amalungu omtshato omdala ukwandisa umngcipheko we-ARI, ukwandisa i-reactivity ye-bronchi ukuya kwisicatshulwa esicacileyo kunye nesicaciso. Kule nkalo, ukutshaya umsi wokhuphaza ngumngcipheko ophezulu wokubonakaliswa kweempawu kunye ne-asthma ye-bronchial. Ukuyeka ukubhema kwintsapho kunokuqwalaselwa phakathi kweenkqubo eziphambili zokuthintela izifo ezikhuselekileyo kubantwana.

Ngoku uyayazi ukuba yintoni intsholongwane engumntwana ngesantya, kunye nendlela yokujongana nokuxhatshazwa kwintsapho yobomi.