Iingcali zenzululwazi sele zifumene i-theory yeemathematika yokuqonda, evumela ukuba kubekho ukulawula uphuhliso lwayo. Uyakwazi ukufundisa indlela yokuba nengqiqo. Kodwa ... iimathematika zeengqondo "azibandakanyiwe" ngaphandle kwegrama yembono. Ubuntu bobukho babo bonke abukho ngendlela engcono yokuhlakulela ingcamango kunye nobunzulu kunokufunda. Ukufunda ngokufanelekileyo kukuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo nokuziphatha, kukhuthaza ukuqonda ngokuvisisana kwabazali nabantwana. Inomdla, iincwadi ezifundisayo zinceda ukuqonda imithetho yokuphuhliswa kwendalo kunye noluntu, ukwanelisekile iminqweno yokuqonda, ukuphuhlisa i-intelligence, ukwenza uhlobo lwe-aesthetic kunye ne-artistic taste. Kodwa abazali bafanele baqonde ukuba uphuhliso lomsebenzi, ukufunda nokuqonda kuvela kwizigaba, ngalinye leminyaka linomgangatho walo wokujonga umbhalo oshicilelweyo.
Uphi uthando lokufunda luqala phi?
Isiqalo sokuqala sokufunda sifakwa kwintsapho kunye neencwadi zokuqala zabantwana. Kamva, ukubunjwa komfundi omncinci kubonakala phantsi kootshaba titshala, ootitshala, abathala-mathala. Umntwana okhulayo kwintsapho yokufunda, nangaphambi kokuba isikolo senziwe kunye nesidingo sokufunda kunye nezakhono zakhe zokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngale ndlela silinde imithintelo eninzi kunye nezilingo.
Abantwana banamhlanje bafumane iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko - ukubonwa, i-elektroniki kunye nencwadi. Nangona kunjalo, elowo kubo lugqityiwe ngeesampuli zezinto ezibizwa ngokuba zikhulu, inkcubeko yase-ersatz - imikhosi, amaxhwele, i-erotica, njl njl. Abantwana akufuneki kuphela ukuzikhusela kwizinto ezidalwa ngokunyanisekileyo, kodwa nokubandakanya ukufunda ngokufanelekileyo okukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kokomoya nokuziphatha, okubeka iinjongo eziphezulu kunye nobuhle, uxolo kunye nokuvisisana.
Kodwa oko kungenziwa njani? Okokuqala, ngokubhekiselele kumntwana kufuneka abe neengqondi, abantu abadala abanokukwazi ukuqondisa umfundi wakhe kunye nomdla wokuqonda. Kwindima enjalo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo okanye ngexesha elifanayo nabazali, ootitshala, iilayibrari zenza.
Bafunda
Bafuna ukufunda ukuqala ukudala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokungena kwibanga lokuqala. Inxaxheba ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwemisebenzi yokufunda idlalwe yintsapho kunye neyesibini. Umntwana usekwinqanaba lokulungiselela umsebenzi wokufunda. Iincwadi zakhe zokuqala "zincinci" zokushicilela iincwadi ze-clamshell, iincwadi zentsana. Eli lixesha lokufunda ngokukhawuleza: umntwana uyayibona incwadi ethi "indlebe" kwaye ujonge imifanekiso. Ukususela kumandla kubazali okanye ootitshala ukuba baveze ngokomzwelo, ukufunda kumntwana inkcazelo yamathemba incike kakhulu. Apha udinga i-intonation esityebi, isiguqu sezwi, isigqi esithile sokufunda. Abantu abadala kufuneka bazive kwaye bangaphuthelwa umzuzu xa umntwana engenazo kuphela izakhono zokuqonda umbhalo, kodwa nako ukukwazi ukunandipha le ncwadi, ulindele ukuqhubeka nokufunda.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeembono zezingane zasenkulisa zi:
- ukukwazi ukuvelela, ukuvumela umntwana ukuba anike ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha kwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yabalinganiswa, kwaye ke abantu bangempela;
- ukunyuka kwengqondo kunye nokukhawuleza kwendlela yokujonga ngayo itekisi, echaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwengcamango. Iminyaka yokufunda isikolo iyakuthandeka kakhulu ekuphuhliseni imfesane, njengoko umntwana engena kwiimeko ezicingelwayo encwadini. Ngokukhawuleza uvelise uvelwano kunye nokuchasana "namahle" kunye namaqhawe "amabi";
- ukwandisa ukwazi, ubukhali bokuqonda;
- ugxininise kwiqhawe lomsebenzi wokubhala, izenzo zakhe. Abantwana banikwa iinjongo ezilula, ezikhutheleyo zezenzo, bavakalisa ngesimo sengqondo zabo ngamaqhawe, bahlaba umxhwele ulwimi oluqaqambileyo, olucingayo, inkondlo yomsebenzi.
Yobudala beSikolo
Iingcali zengqondo zibiza ngeli xesha ngezinye izihlandlo zokuqala. Ukucinga kwabafundi besikolo abasemagunyeni kwizinto ezithile kunye nemifanekiso kufana nokucinga kwabafundi besikolo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo linalo uphawu oluthile lomqondo. Isigaba esibalulekileyo ebomini bomntwana sifunda. Umqambi wokuqala uqala ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo, ebonakala ngokuphuhliswa okusebenzayo kokufunda nokuqonda. Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wesikolo, abaninzi abantwana sele befunda ngokulula. Ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwendawo yenkcubeko kuxhomekeke kwiinzame zotitshala kunye namathala eencwadi.
Phakathi kweempawu zale minyaka kufuneka zihlukaniswe:
- jolisa ekufundeni, inkcazelo ngayinye yeyona nto ikhangeleka kakhulu kwimisebenzi yokudala (ukudweba, ukuyila, ukuqhuba amateur, njl.);
- Ukuzibhokoxa, ukuvakalelwa, ukufuna ukukhululwa ngendlela evulekileyo yamava, amava;
- ingcamango ecacileyo, ebonakalayo kumntwana enqwenela ukuphila ubomi bamaqhawe obhaliweyo, ukuvula "ukuqhubeka" kwencwadi ethandekayo;
- "umphumo wobungqina" ebomini bamaqhawe obhaliweyo;
- kungekhona nje ukuqonda izixhumanisi zangaphandle phakathi kweziganeko kunye neengqinisiso, kodwa nokungenelela kwingqondo yazo yangaphakathi (kunomnqweno wokufunda nokuphinda ufunde kwakhona iincwadi ezizithandayo).
Abaselula
Ekufikeni kwentsha, kukho ukusekwa kweengcamango malunga nendalo, uluntu, umntu, ukuqonda ukuziphatha, iimpawu zobugcisa. Ukucinga okuhlalutyo, ingcamango kunye nentlalo yoluntu kuphuhliswa. Iintsholongwane ziqala ukuxhalabisa ngeengxaki zobomi.
Phakathi kweziganeko zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo kule nqanaba kunokufumaneka:
ukusesha okusebenzayo
- indawo yokusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi kunye nobuchule (ukutyelela izangqa, ii-studios, izikhetho), ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha zokuzilibazisa;
- ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokuzimela, ukuhlalisana koluntu olunzulu, ukujoyina amaqela anomdla;
- isidingo sokuzibona kungekhona nje kuphela, kodwa nakwixesha elizayo, ukuvela komdla kwizakhono ezizayo;
- ukuchonga ngokwesini - ukuqonda malunga nokuba ngumntu wesilisa okanye wesini, ukungena kwiindima ezifanelekileyo zoluntu.
- umsebenzi wokufunda uncipha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uphelele, nangona ixeshana ihlala ingundoqo.
Abafundi abakhulu
Isikolo esiphakeme esikolweni, okanye phakathi phakathi kobuntwaneni kunye nokudala, yinqanaba lokugqibela loluntu. Ukuphela esikolweni esiphakeme, ukhetho lomsebenzi, umntu ulungiselela ubomi obuzimeleyo, ufumana ipasipoti kunye namalungelo ommi.
Impawu yobudala be-psyche zihlukeneyo kwaye ziphikisana:
- kukho imfuneko ecacileyo yokukhululwa ekulawuleni nasekugcinweni
- Abazali kunye nabadala ngokubanzi, kukho ukulungiswa koqhagamshelwano: ngakumbi kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ubudlelwane nabangabantu abadala, kodwa ngoontanga;
- uhlakulela umnqweno wokuzibonakalisa, ukuqinisekiswa kokubaluleka komntu; Amaziko okubhenkcelwa kule ncinane ahlukeneyo ngamaqela angaqhelekanga;
- isangqa sentshisekelo sidlula ngaphaya kwendawo yokufunda, inkqubela phambili kweli nqanaba ayisoloko ibonisa ukuphuhliswa okuphumelelayo, okuhambelana nomntu;
ixabiso kunye nezicwangciso zobomi zenziwa; Ngokuqhelekileyo umnqweno wokuphumelela ebomini uphumelele ukulungelelanzeka kwengqondo kwiinqunto ezinoxanduva;
- indawo ekhethekileyo ebomini yomfana uhlala kumava ngesondo.
Ngokumalunga nokufunda, apha ukubaluleka okukhulu kufumaneka ngefashoni, ukuthandwa kwalo okanye nayiphi na enye imisebenzi. Umfundi omncinci akahlali echaphazelekayo kunye nencwadi ngokwayo kunye nokuqonda kwayo, kodwa ukucinga ukuba ukumazana naye kuya kuba nabantu abakujikelezile.
Ukuphuhliswa komsebenzi wokufunda ebusheni kukungalingani. Amaqela ahlukeneyo abafundi ahlukeneyo: ngokuthandayo kunye nokukhetha, ngokufunda, kwinqanaba lokufunda, njl. Ngokomzekelo, ngokwezinga lemfundo yokufunda, iingcali zichonge la maqela alandelayo:
• Ukufunda okuphantsi okanye ukufunda ngokungekho ngengozi (izinga lokuziqonda lisoloko liphantsi);
• Abafundi abanomdla wokungahambelani (ngokuqhelekileyo baninzi abalandeli be-adventure kunye neentlobo zee-detective);
• abafundi abaneenjongo ezahlukeneyo (ukufunwa nokukhwabanisa);
• Abantu abatsha abahlukeneyo ngokufunda ngokuhloseleyo, ukuveliswa, ukuzimela ekukhetheni iincwadi;
• Abantu abancinci, abaneemfuno zabo ezincinci kuphela kwiincwadi zemfundo, ukufunda "kwisabelo".
Ngaloo ndlela, ixesha ngalinye leminyaka libonakaliswa ngokubaluleka kwalo kokuqonda, okokukhethayo. Ngokuxhomekeka kubo, imisebenzi yokufundisa iyahluka, kunye neendlela kunye neendlela zokubandakanya abantwana ekufundeni.