Iinguqu zeSomatic
Ngenxa yokufuduka kweziko lokukhunjulwa komzimba ngenxa yokunyuka kwesibeleko kunye nokunyuka kwamalungu angama-pelvic, oomama abanomdla bahlala beva ubuhlungu. Ngeziveki zokugqibela zokukhulelwa, abaninzi abafazi bayigubha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-Frexton-Hicks contractions - izicatshulwa zokulungiselela umbele. Apheli ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engama-30 kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo ayidluliselwa engabonwa ngowesifazane okhulelweyo. Ngexesha elimalunga namaveki angama-36, xa intloko yomntwana ewela entanjeni ye-pelvic, umfazi uqala ukuziva ekhululekile, kwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
Ixesha elikhululekile
Abasetyhini abasebenzayo kwiiveki ezingama-32 zokukhulelwa badla ngokuya kwikhefu lokubeletha. Kwabaninzi, eli thuba liphela ithuba lokuzibonakalisa. Abanye besetyhini basebenzise ngobuchule, ukufunda iincwadi okanye ukufumana izinto ezithandwayo zokubakho, okwakungekho nanye ngaphambili. Kwakhona lixesha apho izibini zihlala ziphuma kwaye zivuyela ithuba lokugqibela lokuba yedwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana.
Ubudlelwane nomntwana
Ukuba nexesha elikhululekile linika lo mfazi ithuba lokucinga ngomntwana wakhe ozayo. Oku kuqinisa ulwalamano olusakhulayo phakathi koomama nomntwana. Ngenyanga yesithandathu yokukhulelwa, umntwana ukhula, kwaye abazali abaninzi bazama ukuthetha nomntwana, ukufunda kuye, ukuphulaphula umculo okanye ukuthetha naye. Ngethuba lekota yesithathu, isibini esinezingane esele sinezingane kufuneka sizilungiselele ukubonakala komzalwana okanye udade. Abantwana abancinci badinga indlela ephosakeleyo - kufuneka baqhelane nombono wokongeza kwintsapho. Abantwana bafanele bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokukhulelwa - umzekelo, kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuchukumisa isisu somama xa siba sikhulu, kwaye vumela umntwana ukuba ahambe. Umntwana kuphela kwintsapho esetyenziselwa ukuba bonke abantu bakhatyathelwe ingqalelo kuye, banokuziva banqatshelwe. Ngenxa yoko, ngamanye amaxesha kukho okubizwa ngokuba yi-regression (ukuhlaziya ukuphuhlisa), umzekelo, xa iintsana eziye zaqala ukuhamba zibuyela ekuziphatheni komntwana, yeka ukuthetha okanye ukusebenzisa ibhodlo ukutsala ingqalelo kubazali babo.
Amalungiselelo okugqibela
Ngendlela yokusebenza kwabaseTyhini abaninzi, "ukuzimela kwendawo yokuzimela" kubonakalisa xa bevakalelwa ngokukhawuleza kwamandla kunye nomdla kunye nokulungiselela indlu ukuvela kwelungu elitsha lentsapho. Eli xesha lingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela igumbi labantwana kwaye uthenge yonke into oyifunayo kumntwana, umzekelo, isitulo seenqanawa, isikhalazo kunye neengubo, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe ngaphambili. Ukuze ugweme ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo, abafazi mabafanele bathenge i-dowry kancinane kwintsana. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuthatha inxaxheba kubaba - oku kuya kumvumela ukuba abe nokuzibandakanya kwakhe kwiinguqu ezizayo aze azilungiselele.
Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo
Abazali bexesha elizayo kufuneka bathathe izigqibo ezibalulekileyo. Omnye wabo ukhetho lwegama lomntwana ozayo. Kufuneka ukukholisa abazali bobabini, kunye nomntwana onalo kufuneka akhululeke kuzo zonke izigaba zobomi. Kubantu abaninzi, amagama anxulumene nemifanekiso ethile okanye abalinganiswa. Abazali banethemba lokuba igama elikhethwe ngabo lilungele umntwana wabo. Ngethuba lexesha isibini isibini siqala ukuxoxa ngokusasazwa kweembopheleleko zokunakekela abantwana. Obawo bafuna ukuxoxa nabaphathi babo ithuba lokuba likhefu lichithe ixesha elithile ekhayeni elinceda ukunakekela umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa.
Ukunyamekela
Ngendlela yokubaluleka komhla, abesetyhini abaxhamlayo bahlala bexhalabele malunga neziganeko ezizayo. Ngokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiweyo, kunokuxhalabisa xa ukuzalwa kokuqala kungahambi kakuhle. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kokuqala, abafazi bahlala bexhalabele ukuba ngaba baya kukwazi ukunyamezela intlungu. Abaninzi banesaba ukuba xa behluleka ukuzilawula, baya kukhwaza okanye, ngexesha lomgudu, ukuchaswa kuya kwenzeka. Ibhinqa linokukhathazeka ukuba ngexesha lokunikezelwa kuya kuba nemfuneko ye-episiotomy (ukusika kwe-perineum ukulungiselela ukuhanjiswa). Kunzima ukuba bacinge ukuba yiziphi iimfazwe, amava kuphela awanakho ukunika umfanekiso owenyaniso. Ukongezelela, kunokubakho ukwesaba ukuba nomntwana wesisu nokuba ngaba unina unokukwazi ukumelana nomntwana.
Isicwangciso sokuzalwa
Ukufumana ulwazi olwaneleyo malunga namathuba okukhetha indlela yokuzalwa kunceda abazali abaza kuba neentembelo ngakumbi. Esi sibini sifanele senze isigqibo malunga nendawo yokuhanjiswa (kwiziko lempilo okanye ekhaya), ukusetyenziswa kwe-aneshesia kunye nendlela umntwana atyiswa ngayo (i-thoracic okanye i-artificial). Kubalulekile ukulungelelaniswa kwangaphambili ukuba ngexesha lobambano kunokubakho isidingo sokungenelela.
Ukufundisa izinto ezisisiseko zokunyamekela umntwana
Emva kokufunda iincwadi ngokukhulelwa nokubeletha, owesifazane okhulelwe unokungazibali izinto ezisisiseko zokunyamekela umntwana osandula. Emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kukho ixesha elincinane ixesha elisele kulo. Amantombazana asele anabantwana anokunceda ekuqeqesheni izakhono zokunyamekela umntwana. Abafazi abakhulelweyo bahlala bexhalabile xa izibonakaliso zabasebenzi zingekho emva komhla wokunikezelwa kwesityholo. Kuphela ngo-5% wabantwana bazalwa ngosuku oluhleliweyo. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka ixesha elide kunokuba kulindelwe, umfazi unokuhlakulela ukudandatheka. Ukuhlaselwa kwezibeleko eziza kuhamba kukuphuma kwiplagi yomdaka, eyayihlanganisa umlomo wesibeleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kulubala, kunye nokudibanisa kwegazi. Ukuhamba kwiplagi yomdaka kubonisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa okunokwenzeka kuya kwenzeka kwiintsuku ezili-12 ezizayo. Ngoku siyazi ukuba i-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa iqala nini, kwaye yiziphi iinguqu kumzimba zilinde umama ngamnye ngeli nqanaba.