I-Bulbous Muscari Iintyatyambo: Unonophelo

I-Muscari (i-Latin Muscari), okanye i-onion ye-inion, okanye i-hyacinth ye-mouse - ezi zizityalo ezivela kwintsapho yaseHyacinths. Unobtrusive, fi ke 10-30 cm ukuphakama. Iibhubhu zinomqolo ojikelezayo, zihlanganiswe nezikali zokukhanya ezivela phezulu. Ubungakanani bama-bulbs: 1.6-3.5 cm ubude kunye no-2 cm ububanzi. Amagqabi anqabileyo (ii-2-6 iinqununu), eziqhelekileyo. Ziyabonakala entwasahlobo, kunye neentlobo ezimbalwa ekwindla, ngokugqithisa ngaphantsi kwekhephu.

Iintyatyambo zesityalo zinemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo - ukusuka emhlophe ukuya emnyama. I-Perian ingaba yi-tubular, i-cylindrical okanye ibumba. Iqulethwe ngamaphephancwadi amathandathu afunyenweyo, emacaleni ayo aphethwe. Iintyatyambo ziqokelelwa kwi-brush (2-8 cm ubude), ephezulu kwi-plant kwaye ibe nephunga elimnandi. Iimitha ezithandathu, ezixutywe kunye nexesha, zihlelwe kumqolo emi-2. I-Pestle ine-ovary yamathambo amathathu, ikholomu emfutshane yentambo kunye nehlazo elinesithathu. Izithelo - ibhokisi.

Igama lalo lizityalo ze-muscari, ukunyamekela oko kuchazwe ngezantsi, ezifunyenwe ngephunga elithile leentyantyambo, ezifana nefrik ye-musk. Ziyakhula kwii-steppes, ikakhulukazi kwiintlambo ezivulekileyo zeentaba, kwiindawo eziphambili kunye nezilwanyana. Ukwabiwa kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni naseMeditera eYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia. I-genus iquka iintlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-60, malunga ne-20 zazo ezikhula kumazwe ase-USSR yangaphambili.

Uninzi lweentlobo zincwadana, zibulela kwi-inflorescences ezikhanyayo kunye nephunga elimnandi.

Iintlobo

Uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu kwiindawo zasehlotyeni zama-florists yi-Muscari Armenian (i-Latin Muscari armeniacum), okanye i-Muskari Colchic (isiLatin M. colchicum). Isityalo sifinyelela kubude be-13-20 cm. Amagqabango ayo ayenze ibhande, elincinci, eyenza i-rosette rosette. Iintyatyambo ezincinci ziyi-barrel-shaped, ecocekileyo kakhulu. Ingaba ngumbala omhlophe, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye we-violet, eqokelelwe kwi-brlorescence brush, ngamanye amaxesha ibonakala ngathi ibhola phezulu kwi-peduncle. I-flower spike inamandla kakhulu, ingafikelela ubude obuyi-20 cm. Imisundu ye-muscular ibonwa ngoMeyi-Juni ngeentsuku ezingama-20-25. Kwindalo, le ntlobo ikhula kwiindawo zaseTranscaucasia nasenyakatho-ntshona yeTurkey.

I-Muscaria i-grove-shape (Latin M. botryoides). Izifo ze-Inflorescences zezi ntlobo zinemihlathi ebomvu, amazinyo amhlophe kunye ne-purple hue. I-peduncles ayikho phezulu njengoMuskari Armenian, malunga ne-12 cm phezulu. Iifom ezimbini ze-Muscari ziqhelekileyo: f. i-albhamu kunye f. i-carneum, eyahlukileyo embala kunye nombala obomvu weentyatyambo, ngokulandelanayo. Kwizilwanyana, iintlobo zikhula kwi-Yurophu naseMntla Yurophu; ukhetha izitha kunye neentaba zeentaba.

I-Muscular i-racemose (isiLatin M. racemosum). Le ntlobo ibonakala ngamagqabi amancinci amade, i-peduncle ephantsi (9-12 cm), ubude beentyantyambo zeentsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwe-30. Iintyatyambo zinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye imbala ebomvu. Kwendalo, le ntlobo iqhelekileyo eCrimea, kwimimandla esezantsi yeRashiya yaseYurophu, i-Western Transcaucasia, iMeditera kunye neYurophu yaseYurophu.

I-Muscari crested (isiLatin M. comosum). Uhlobo oluthile lwe-muscari olunokuqhutyelwa kwe-multi-flowered, brush loose. Iintyatyambo zinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet. Kwindalo, esi sityalo sikhula eNyakatho Afrika, eNtshona-ntshona ye-Asia naseYurophu yaseYurophu.

Izimbali zeMuscari: ukunakekelwa

Ukukhanyisa. Iimbali zeMuscari zikhula kakuhle phakathi kwelanga nakwi-penumbra. Abazithobekanga, ngoko akunzima ukuzikhathalela. Ubusika-buqilima, kodwa ungayinyamezeli indawo eziphantsi, ekubeni isityalo asikuthandi ukuhlaselwa kwamanzi okude. Kulo mhlaba kungabonakali, nangona kunjalo, ngokubunjwa komhlaba, ama-bulb amakhulu kunye ne-inflorescences enamandla ngokwaneleyo yakha ingubo ephezulu. UMuscari ukhetha izityalo ezichumisayo. Umzekelo, kucetyiswa ukuba wenze umququ kunye nama-humus emhlabathini ngexesha lokumba kwi-5 kg ​​nganye nge-1m2. Ngexesha leentyantyambo, i-muscari idinga ubuninzi bomswakama, kwaye kwixesha eliphumayo, ngokuchaseneyo, ukhetho lunikezelwa kumoya owomileyo.

Ukuzaliswa. Ezi ntyatyambo zivelisa nge-bulb anyanisi. Zifanele zityalwe ubunzulu be-7-8 cm kunye nomgama we-10 cm omnye komnye. Ukufakelwa kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-5-7. Xa kwenzeka ukuveliswa ngembewu, kufuneka bahlwayelwe emva kokuvuna, ngaphandle koko balahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza ukuhluma. Imbewu yincinci, emnyama, ijikeleze, ibomile. Qaphela ukuba i-muscari iphumelele ngokuphindaphinda ngokuhlwayela. Ngomnyaka wesithathu kuphela izityalo ziya kufuma.

I-Muscari isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengesityalo sokuhlobisa, ukuyihlobisa ngamanqabunga, iindwangu kunye neenduli ze-alpine. Zivame ukuba zityalwe kumaphecana amakhulu.

Ubugcisa bokunyanzelisa. I-distillation, i-Muskari Armenian isetyenziselwa, ngamanye amaxesha iMuscari yinto evulekileyo kunye novulo olubanzi. Ubungakanani bombulunga obamkelekileyo kwinqanaba elingu-6 cm. Izinto zokutyala zigcinwa ngo-20-25 ° C, ukususela ngo-Oktobha, ukushisa kuncitshiswe kuya kwi-17 ° C. Igumbi elinomoya ofanelekileyo kufuneka lisetyenziswe. Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zifakwe i-disinfected phambi kokutyala. Ukutyala kunconywa kumhlaba omanzi, kodwa umgciniweyo kule miqathango ilandelayo: ekupheleni kukaSeptemba-Novemba. Ubungakanani bomhlaba kufuneka bungahambelani. Emva kokutshala, kuyimfuneko ukuphalaza izinto ezifanelekileyo kwaye ugcine ungumngcipheko ophakathi. Ulawulo lokushisa: 9 0 C kwiiveki ezintlanu zokuqhawula, 5 0 C kwiiveki ezi-11-12. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhawuleza ixesha lokutsalwa kwexesha, uyanciphise ukushisa ukuya kwi-1-2 0 C. I-Muscari iqhuma iiveki ezintathu emva kokuba izinga lokushisa liye lafika ku-13-15 ° C.