Iinkalo ezibalulekileyo malunga nabahlaziyili, izinto ezichaphazela ukuziphatha kwabo, zisinika i-psychology yolwaphulo-mthetho, ngokukodwa, utywala. Okokuqala, siya kuhlalutya iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo, jonga amanani, kwaye ukusuka kulo siza kufaka izigqibo. Uninzi lwabaphuliyo baqala imisebenzi yabo ebusheni, malunga neepesenti ezimashumi asixhenxe zabahlaziyili bephutha ngenxa yobomi babo obungaphiliyo ngaphambi kokuba baneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Yintoni eyenza abantu abaselula bathathe ukuziphatha okunjalo? Oku kungenelisekile ngeemfuno zentlalo, ukungabikho kwamathuba okuphila, ukupheliswa koxanduva lolwaphulo-mthetho lokusetyenziswa kotywala, ubuhenyu, ezi zizinto ezincinci ezifana nobuhlobo bentsapho, abahlobo, iimeko zangaphakathi-iimpawu zomntu ngamnye, intlangano yokuzilibazisa kunye nokunyanzelisa ubundlobongela, okushunyayelwa yinkitha imithombo yolwazi. Ngokomzekelo, iifilimu zecawa malunga nobugebengu, ukubulala kubashiya ingqalelo kwingqondo yomntwana, ukuphazamisa ingcamango yakhe yolwaphulo-mthetho, xa ukuziphatha okunjalo kubonakala kunene kwaye kuyonwabile, kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye kunomdla, kutheni kungenjalo? Kwakhona, kwiindawo ezininzi zokubuyiselwa kwakhona, izenzo zabo zihambelana ngqo nemibandela yabantu, ukungquzulana kwangaphakathi okanye ubudlelwane phakathi kwentsapho.
Iimpawu zokuphambuka kwimimiselo yoluntu kumazwe ahlukeneyo ziphezulu kakhulu. Yintoni enokubangela? Siza kuhlalutya izizathu zentlalo yokuziphatha okungahambiyo nokuphindaphindiweyo. Oku kungabikho kokungalingani kwezentlalo, isalathisi sokuziphatha okuphantsi kommandla womntu, ilizwe lakhe, indawo engayixhasayo, kodwa ngokungahambisani nolu hlobo lubhekiselele kule ndlela yokuziphatha. Utywala, njengoluphulo-mthetho, luhlobo oluphambili lokuziphatha kakubi. Amagunya amaninzi ahlala enza izinto ezinjalo, kuba ziziva zifuna imfuneko yokuzihlonela, ingozi, ukunyaniseka, abanokungazinzi ngokomzimba kwaye bengenakuyifanelekanga ingqinisiso yinto enokwenene, ebenokubangela ukuba baphinde baphinde babuyele ebugqweleni kunye notywala.
Inqaku elithakazelisayo malunga nokuhlaziya kwakhona kukuba inani lamadoda linqoba ngaphezu kwenani labasetyhini, okuba ngama-2.5 amaxesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba izizathu zolu hlobo ziphatha kakhulu kumadoda kunabesifazane. Kodwa nangona abameli bezesondo ezibuthathaka nabo banamacala okuhlaziywa. Yintoni ebenokubakhokelela kulo? Iimpawu zobuntu zabafazi be-recidivist zibi kakhulu kunamadoda. Abasetyhini abaninzi banesifo sokutywala utywala kwaye banokuthi bafumane ukuhlukana kweentsapho kunabantu. Kwabo, ukulahlekelwa kweziluntu zomntu kunzima kakhulu, emva koko, kuvela isohlwayo kunye nokuphuza utywala, okukhokelela ekukhohliseni okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuziphatha okungafaniyo okanye ezinye iindlela zokungahambi.
Abaninzi bethu bayazi ingozi embi yotywala emzimbeni. Kodwa ingozi yakhe ayibangelwa kuphela kumntu kunye nempilo yomntu, utywala obangela abantu ukuba baphatha kakubi, bengakhathazeki ngenxa yesazela. Utywala ngumhlobo ocacileyo wokuziphatha okungahambiyo kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. Kwimeko yokuxhatshazwa, u-2/3 wobugqwetha wenziwe, apho isihlanu senziwa khona ukuze uthenge utywala kunye neziyobisi. Ukuxhomekeka kwiselo yotywala kunokunyuka, inani leenkolelo liqhubeka liphinda liphinde liphinde liphinde libhekiselele ekuziphatheni okungafaniyo. Ixesha elikhululekile kuma-recidivisti lihamba kunye nokunxila, imihla ngemihla malunga nabathathu kwabaphili abane.
Ukongezelela, utywala bukhokelela ekuphatheni izifo zengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengcamango yento yokwenene kunye nayo ngokwayo, okwenza ubugebengu bobuhlanga buphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, bukhohlakali kunye nokungabikho kwabantu. Ubuntu bomntu ohlaziyiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo udibana naye kwiintlobo ezintathu: iimeko, ukungabikho kwabantu kunye nokungabikho kwabantu.
Ubume bobugebengu bobuqu bomntu buxhomekeke kwimeko kunye neemeko ezithile. Ubuntu bobuhlanga bangabaninzi abahlaziyiweyo, abachazwa ngokucwangcisa, eyona yingozi, inobungozi kunye nokusongela uluntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthukuthela abanye, ukulwa nobugebengu kubantu kwaye ngokugxininisa kwabo ngabanye, ababuyiselwayo bazibhokoxa, bazama ukulwa nobunzima obuphantsi. Ukuqinisekiswa kokwakheka kwengqondo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kukuba ukuhlukana kwinqongqelo "lethu". Abacebisi bahlobo olungabandakanywayo nabangabandakanyekanga kwihlabathi elijikelezekileyo, babonakalisa ukunganakwa, ukusela utywala, ukwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho oluncinci, ukuqonda okuphantsi. Abasetyhini-abahlaziyiyo baqhelana nxamnye nohlobo olungabonakaliyo buntu, kuba into ebonakalayo yinto engabalulekanga. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lotywala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokuqonda kwezentlalo, iinjongo zomntu, ukulahlekelwa ngumntu osondeleyo, abafazi benza iintlobo ezininzi zolwaphulo-mthetho, njengomzekelo, ukweba.
I-psychology ye-recidiv kunye nokutywala utywala ayinakunyaniswa. Ingakumbi imiphumo yotywala kwiimeko ezinjalo ngabasetyhini abangenakuyitshintsha iingxaki zabo. Ngo kuncediswa kotywala, bayasuswa kuluntu kwaye benze ngokuchasene nalo. Ngelishwa, kunye nomfazi onamahloni umntu onjalo ujika waba yintwaphulo-mthetho, abulale phakathi kwakhe kunye nobomi bakhe, ngamanye amaxesha abanye abantu.