Iindlela zeHormonal kunye nezithintelo zokukhulelwa


Nangona iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa kuqala zaqalwa ngo-1960 e-United States, kwaye iikhondom zaba yindlela eqhelekileyo yokukhusela ukukhulelwa kwishumi leshumi elinesibhozo, asiqhelekanga ukusebenzisa iindlela zamanxeba zokukhulelwa kwangoku. Kutheni? Kukho ezininzi, kodwa isiphumo sinye-esingathandekiyo (kuzo zonke iinjongo) izihlandlo ezimnandi zobusondelene.

Ukongeza kwizinto ezinqabileyo zonqulo (icawa ayinakuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokuqhekeza, ukuvumela umntu ukuba "aphile" omnye komnye ngendlela engokwemvelo), umntu akanakukungaziboni ukungazi kunye nokuhlaziywa okuhambelana nokujongana nomdlavuza. Ngokufanelekileyo, umqalisi wokutyelela kokuqala kwintombazana engumntwana ukuya kwintombazana kufuneka abe ngumama wakhe, amthabise kudokotela othembela kuye. Oku akuthethi ukuba intombazana evela kumncinci kufuneka iqale ukuthulula iipilisi, kodwa kufuneka ngokuthe ngcembe ifumaneke kwimeko leyo kwaye ithole umkhuba wokutyelela "ugqirha kumantombazana." Ukutyelela ugqirha ngokuzayo, mhlawumbi, kuya kwenzeka ukuba uqale incoko malunga nokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana (umama kufuneka azibuze yena - nokuba umntwana unelungelo lokuyazi).

Abasetyhini abasetyhini namhlanje banokukhetha kakuhle. Ukongeza kwimizi eyaziwa kwiimarike zethu kwiminyaka emininzi, kukho iindawo ezintsha zokufunda. Yintoni oyikhethayo?
Ababelethi be-Gynecologists bayaqaphela ukuba uhlobo lokukhulelwa komzimba luxhomekeke kwiminyaka, ubude bobudlelwane, inani lamalingani kunye nempilo. Inyaniso esisebenzisa ngayo loo nto, kungekhona enye, indlela ayithethi ukuba iya kusebenza kakuhle. Abanye abafazi abanako ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngenxa yokugula, abanye ngokuqinisekileyo abafuni ukuthatha nayiphina imithi. Kukho nawuphi na, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yiziphi iingenelo okanye iingozi ezidibene nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zanamhlanje.

Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa

Ezi ziipilisi eziqulethe iimpawu ezihambelanayo ze-hormone zezilwanyana zendalo. Iimarike zaqala ukubonakala iziyobisi eziqukethe isrogen yemvelo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zibhelethi zenza ngokuthintela i-ovulation. Iqanda, lingabi livuthiwe, likhutshwa kwi-ovary kwaye ayikwazi ukuxhuma kwi-sperm. Iibhulethi zenza ukuba utshintsho kwi-mucus yomlomo (lukhula kwaye lube lukhuni kuluntu). Ngaloo ndlela, akadluli isidoda kwi-genitalia yabesifazane.

Iiblulethi zihlukaniswe zibe yinto enye kunye neyesibini, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimodmone ziphi. Izindlela ezimbini zokuqhawula ukukhulelwa ziquka i-estrogen kunye neprogesin. Phakathi kwazo ziintlobo ezintathu ze-E-sigaba - zonke iipilisi zinemibala efanayo kunye nokubunjwa. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ngenxa yokuba zisezantsi kunye neenombolo zamahomoni ezingathinteli kwikalini impilo yowesifazane. Udidi lwesibini lwe-E-sigaba ziintlobo ezimbini zeethebulethi ezinemibala eyahlukileyo. Zonke zinomlinganiselo ofanayo we-estrogen, kodwa umthamo we-hormone yesibini, i-progestin, ishintshiwe. Udidi lwesithathu lwesigaba se-E luhlobo lweentlobo ezintathu zeemibhobho zombala ohlukeneyo kunye nokwakheka. Ziyasetyenziswa, umzekelo, xa ngesinye sezizathu umzimba awukwazi ukuhambisa iipilisi zamanye amanqanaba.

Kubalulekile! Iibhulile kufuneka zisetyenziswe phantsi kolawulo lwe-gynecologist. Unquma ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo eyona nto ibhetele kuwe, unike ulwazi malunga nemiphumo emibi, njengentlungu, intloko, ukuqokelela kwamanzi nokuzuza ubunzima. Isiyobisi se-hormone esakhethiweyo asifanele senze ukuba le mpawu, okanye, mhlawumbi, ibangele kwimiphumo embi kakhulu.

Iinkqubo ze-hormonal zokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana ziphumelela xa uzidla rhoqo. Phakathi kwabasetyhini, iphutha elifanayo liqhelekileyo (ingakumbi ekuqaleni kokuthatha iziyobisi) - libale malunga nepilisi elandelayo. Ukuba sikhumbula oku kungakapheli iiyure eziyi-12, siya kukhululwa ngakumbi xa sikhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, xa ixesha elide lidlulayo, kufuneka uhlale usebenzisa iindlela ezongezelelweyo zokukhulelwa, ezifana neikhondom. Isenzo sesilwanyana sinokunciphisa urhudo nokuhlanza. Ezinye zee hormone zingenako ukuxutywa ngamathambo kwaye zingene kwigazi.

Amacwecwe athatyathwa kwinkqubo ye-21 ukuya kwe-7, oko kuthetha ukuba iiveki zokuqala ezintathu uthabatha ama-hormone, kwaye kukho ukuphuka ngeveki ngexesha lokuhamba kwenyanga. Emva koko kufuneka uqale ukufumana ibhetki entsha. Ezinye iipilisi ziqukethe kuphela iprogesin. Ziyindlela enhle kubafazi abaqeqeshelwa kakhulu kuyo yonke into. Bafanele bathathe iindlela zokukhusela i-hormonal zemihla ngemihla engama-28 ngexesha elifanayo. Iphutha elivumelekile, njengomthetho, alikho ngaphezu kwama-1-2 iiyure. Nangona kukho abo babelindele ukuthabatha inkunkuma ngaphambi kwe-12 ntsimbi. Ukulibaziseka okukhulu kunciphisa kakhulu ukuphumelela kwale ndlela. Ezi pilisi nazo zilungelo olufanelekileyo kubasetyhini abavuthayo, abanesifo sokuhluthwa, i-migraine kunye nabasetyhini abangenakuthabatha iipilisi ezine-estrogen. Kwakhona kuphela indlela yokukhulelwa kwe-hormone engasetyenziselwa oononisayo (okuchasene nenkolelo ephakamileyo yokuba ukuncelisa kuphela kukuthintela ukukhulelwa komnye). Le nyathelo ayithinteli kwimveliso-mveliso, ubumbano lobisi kunye nophuhliso lwabantwana.

Entsha! Ngoku kutshanje, iipilisi zamacandelo amabini ezikhoyo zikhoyo-ezibizwa ngokuba yi-24 + 4. Zithathwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-28, kodwa kuphela ezi-24 zokuqala zazo ziqulethe i-hormone, kwaye iintsuku ezine ezilandelayo uzivelele kwiimpembelelo ze-placebo. Kutheni? Awudingi ukukhumbula rhoqo apho uqala khona iphakheji entsha. Kufuneka iqale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ipakethe yangaphambili iphelile. Imodeli ye-24 + 4 yenzelwe ukunciphisa ukunyuka kwama-hormone ngexesha lomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ezinokuhamba kunye neerimimi ezingama-21 + 7. Ngenxa yemichiza esetyenziswayo, kufuneka ube nemiphumo embalwa yecala.
Khumbula! Ukukhulelwa kwe-Hormonal kungabangela iziphumo ezilandelayo kubasetyhini:

- Ukuvutha kwamagciwane kunye nomngcipheko okhulayo wezilwanyana ezinobungozi kunye nezifo;

- Intloko;

- Ingozi eyongezelelekileyo yezifo ze-thrombotic, isifo soxinzelelo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, ngakumbi kubasetyhini abanomfutho wexinzelelo, ukutshaya ngexesha elifanayo (oku kubaluleke emva kweminyaka engama-35).

Iintlanzi zokukhusela

Ukufakwa kwezicubu, kule meko, yenza imisebenzi kwipilisi efanayo. Ziqulethe i-hormones, ngenxa yokuyilwa kwayo eyingqayizivele, ukungena kwesikhumba emzimbeni. Banika inkululeko engakumbi, kuba akudingeki ukuba ukhumbule yonke imihla. Kunele ukuzinamathisa kanye kuphela ngeveki.

Ezi ndlela zendlela yokukhulelwa zingakwazi ukugqithwa: kumabhokhwe, isisu, umzimba ophezulu okanye iingalo ezingaphezulu. Awukwazi ukufakela i-band-aid kwisifuba sakho! Unokukhetha indawo entsha nganye ngeveki, kodwa ukuba unqumle, iqela kufuneka lihlale khona iintsuku ezi-7. Kukho imigaqo ethile yokugqoka isiqwenga sokukhusela:

Ungayisebenzisi ngokubomvu, isikhumba esicasulayo, esinesiqhwala okanye esilimele;

Soloko usebenzisa kuphela iqhosha elilodwa, elimele lisuswe rhoqo phambi kokuba uqoqe enye entsha;

I-Adhesives inokugqithwa kweeveki ezintathu, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe zilandela ngaphandle "nababhali". Emva koko ikhefu livela. Ama-Plasters awaxhatshazwa ngamanzi, unako ukukhula kunye nawo, uthabathe naluphi na uhlobo lwemidlalo. Ukusebenza kunye nokuchasene nale ndlela yokukhulelwa komzimba kufana nokusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa. Iibhanti zininzi kubasetyhini abanezifo zesibindi. I-hormones ngokwenene inokudlula i-system digestive, ebalulekileyo.

Kukho ezinye iingxaki ezingenakwenzeka kule ndlela. Ama-plasters ayanconywa kubafazi abasisigidi esingaphezu kwe-90 kg, ngenxa yokuba amanqatha amaninzi, awona mbi kakhulu adlule kuwo. Ukongezelela, uphando olutshanje luye lwabonisa ukuba, ngokubonga kwii-patches, ii-hormone ezininzi zingena emzimbeni wowesifazane ngaphezu kokugwinya kwamacwecwe ngamanqaku angama-60%!

Ingqungquthela yesondo

Ingqamlezo entsha yindandatho ye-hormonal - uhlobo lokuqala lokukhulelwa kwesisu. Kubukeka ngathi i-bracelet esithambileyo, esobala, esobala. Kufanele ihambelane neminwe yakho ibe ifakwe kwisini. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba kufuneka uyifake kanye-kwaye unakho ukulibala malunga nokukhulelwa kweeveki ezintathu. Emva kweeveki ezintathu, umfazi uyasusa intsimbi kunye neentsuku ezixhenxe ezisixhenxe, ukuphuma kwegazi kulandela. Umngcipheko awunakuvakalelwa ngokupheleleyo kwisini. Kukho nkxalabo yokuba iyawa. Ungakhathazeki! Yenzelwe ukwenzela ukuba ihlale nayo ngexesha lokuzivocavoca umzimba okanye kwi-pool. Nangona iphuma, ingahlamba ngamanzi kwaye ifakwe kwakhona. Umjikelo awufanele uhlale ngaphandle komzimba ngaphezu kweeyure ezintathu. Kwakunjalo nakwixesha lokwebelana ngesondo.

IiHormone eziqulethwe kuyo zisebenza njengeepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, kodwa zifanelekileyo, njengoko zidlula i-digestive tract. Zingasetyenziselwa abafazi abanesisindo esingaphezu kwe 90 kg. Umxholo ophakamileyo we-estrogen osebenzayo unempembelelo emihle ekuvelweni kwebhanka yebhakteria yezifo ezithandwayo ngesisu. Kukho ukungalungi - kunzima ukuyifumana kumayeza. Kufuneka sirekhode umhla wokufakwa kwendandatho, kuba emva kweveki ezintathu kulula ukulibala ukuba liphakathi.

Isixhobo se-intrauterine

Okwangoku, le ndlela yokukhulelwa kwindlela yokuqhawula imithi ibona imvuselelo ehlabathini lonke, njengoko ikulungele kwaye iphumelele kakhulu. Iimoya zivame ukuzenziwe ngeplastiki, ubhedu kunye ne-polyethylene, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nokongezwa kwesilivere. Ziyakwazi ukuqukwa nesityebi samahomoni. Basebenza ngomsebenzi (umzekelo, ubhedu abaye bancitshiswe umlingo wesilisa, ukuze bangenayo ithuba lokuphuma kwii-tublopian tubes baze bahlume iqanda), okanye kwizinga le-hormone - ngendlela efanayo neepilisi kodwa zibeka kuphela kwindawo isisu. Kungcono ukujoba ukuhamba ngomhla wokugqibela wokuphuma kwindoda. Ukwaziswa kwi-uterus ngokusebenzisa umfaki sicelo. Xa ukuvuthwa sele kusele ndawo, kuthatha isimo nesimo esifanelekileyo.

Iimimoya zifumaneka ngaphandle kwemithi, kodwa zilawulwa kuphela yi-gynecologist. Ininzi yabo inesiqinisekiso sokusebenza iminyaka emi-5. Banobuchule obuphezulu kakhulu. Ziziphi iingxaki? Leyo ayiyona indlela efanelekileyo yabasetyhini abangakazalwa. Kwakhona, ukuphuma kwexesha kakhulu kunokuba yinkinga, enokunyusa umngcipheko wezosulelo zesondo.

Iijoyile zaseHormonal kunye neziplantshi

Ukukhulelwa kwe-injection kakade kusemakethe yehlabathi. Kukho umgaqo weziyobisi, oqaliswa kanye emva kweenyanga ezintathu. Inveli - iilenki kanye ngenyanga. Kufana nezibhebhe. Ukunciphisa ixesha lokujova ngenyanga liyakuthucula ukusebenza kwalo kwaye kuphuculwe ukulawula umjikelezo wesini.

Kwakhona, izimpembelelo zangaphantsi ziyaba ziwayo. Ehlabathini labo kukho iintlobo ezimbini kuphela - enye isebenza malunga neminyaka emithathu, iminyaka yesibini nantlanu. Ukulungelelaniswa kwezi ndlela kubonakala - ubude bezenzo. Kungenzeka ukutshintsha iindlela ze-hormonal kunye nezithintelo zokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana kunye nezimpembelelo, kodwa oku kungenziwa kuphela ngabasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo. Abanye besetyhini nabo bajamelene neengxaki ezinjengexesha elide ngaphandle kokuya esikhathini. Asoloko amkela oko kuba ubukho babo bukanxulumene nempilo kunye nobufazi. Izimpembelelo azibuhlungu kwaye zingabonakali. Ikhono lokukhulelwa libuyiselwa emva kokuba lisuswe.

Iikhondom

Iikhondom ziseseendlela ezithandwa kakhulu zokukhulelwa, ezicetyiswa kubantu abatsha. Kodwa akulula ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Abantu abaselula bahlala bezenza iimpazamo ezinokubangela ukukrazula okanye ukuchithwa kwekhondom kwi-penis.
Ikondom ikhusela ekukhulelweni okungafunekiyo, kodwa ibuye inye inzuzo ebalulekileyo-ikhusela i-HIV, i-syphilis kunye ne-gonorrhea ngokubanzi.

Nceda nceda! Amanyathelo afana ne-petroleum jelly, ioli yeoli okanye i-cremism creams ingonakalisa i-latex, apho ikhondom isenziwa khona. Ukuze unqamle ikhondom, ungasebenzisa kuphela imveliso ehambelana namanzi, kungekhona ngamanqatha (izitya zifumaneka kwii-pharmacy).
Iikhondom zithengwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwikhemisi. Emva koko siqinisekile ukuba le mveliso ifanelekileyo. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, khangela umhla wokuvelisa nokuba ngaba ukupakisha kuhambelani kwaye kungonakali. Iikondom kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, emnyama ngexesha eliqhelekileyo lokushisa.