Ukuba umama ozayo uya kuhluma amaqatha akhe kunye neenyawo, kukho ukuziva kunzima, ulusu luba ngathi lukhuni kwaye konke oku kuhamba kunye nexinzelelo emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi kwimvula eshushu, ikakhulu kwimini, kukho isizathu sokuba uqaphele. , ezenzeka ngenxa yeenguqu ezinzulu zeentsholongwane kwiindonga ezixhamlayo kunye nemivini yevini. Iimpawu ezinjalo zivame ukuqhutyelwa kukuphuhliswa kokungapheli kwamanzi (igazi lixhamla emithanjeni, i-outflow iyancipha), eyona isandulela imilenze ye-varicose. Iimvumba eziyingozi xa zikhulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuvuvukala, funda kwinqaku ethi "Iimvumba ze-Varicose ekukhulelwe, ukuvuvukala."
Imivalo ye-Varicose yemilenze iboniswe kwi-20-40% yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kwaye ngaphezu kwesigamu sabo esi sifo siphume ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa kungekhona ngaphambi kwayo. Iimvumba ze-Varicose ziqheleke kakhulu ngenyanga ye-5-6 yekhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa ngamnye okulandelayo kukhulisa amathuba kunye nobuqili beemvini ze-varicose.
Ukubonakaliswa kwemivuno ye-varicose
Kwizigaba zokuqala, azibangeli nantoni na, ngaphandle kobugcisa, kwaye emva kokuzalwa kuhamba kancane kancane. Ukunyuka kweendwangu zincinci ezincinci zemilenze zingaphila emva kokunikezelwa, nangona le miva ingabonakali kangangoko. Ekuqaleni kwesi sifo, izigulane zixhalabele kuphela ngesiphene sokuzilungisa, ngoko kukho izikhalazo zengxakeko, ukukhathala, ukukhathala, i-raspiraniya emilenzeni kunye nokuvuvukala kwabo emva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba (ukuhlala ixesha elide) okanye ngemini, ngokukodwa ngexesha lokutshisa. Kwixesha elizayo, ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo akukho nje ukunyuka kwinani kunye nobukhulu beemvini ezixubileyo, kodwa nakwiziganeko zeengxaki ze-trophic: i-pigmentation, i-skin tightening. Ukuxakeka emilenzeni kaninzi kuhambelana nomvakalelo onzima, ngamanye amaxesha umfazi ukhathazekile ngenxa yeentlungu ezibuhlungu kwaye ezibuhlungu ezenzeka ikakhulu kwiinyawo nasemilenzeni kwaye ayinayo indawo ecacileyo.
Iimbangela ze-varicose ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuphuhliswa kwemithanjeni ye-varicose iimbandezelo zobudala bodonga olusenyongweni. Umngcipheko wokwakha imithanjeni ye-varicose ikhulisa kunye nentsapho yokuhlala, kunye nenani lokukhulelwa kunye neminyaka yowesifazane. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, inkqubo yomlenze onobungozi ihlangabezana nomthwalo omkhulu. Izinto ezikhokelayo ngethuba litshintsho kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal, ukwanda kwomsindo wokujikeleza umthambo emzimbeni, ukunyanzeliswa kweemvini ngesisu, inzuzo yesisindo.
Izibonakaliso zangaphandle zeemvumba ze-varicose ekuqaleni kwesi sifo zingama-telangiectasias - ukwandiswa kweemvini ezincinci zesikhumba ezine-diameter ukuya kwi-1.5 mm, ebonakalayo kumviwo. Bavela kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwesikhumba semilenze, ubuncinci ubuso, intamo, umzimba ophezulu, iingalo. I-Teleangiectasias ibonakala njengeenqwelo ezincinane okanye eziqhekezayo: "izicabungulu", "iinkwenkwezi", "iingcongolo", "iingalo" ezinqeni, phantsi kwamadolo okanye ngamathole. Abaninzi abasetyhini baqaphela i-telangiectasia ezinyaweni zabo. Ngamanye amaxesha ngeenyawo zenyawo - iinyawo kunye neziqhumane - zihluma ngenxa yokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi kwimifuno. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvuvukala kunokuba kungabonakali, kwaye uphawu olulodwa lokugcinwa kwamanzi olushushu luya kulukhuni kwiisokisi okanye kwizicathulo. Ungasebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuze ucinezele i-shin endaweni apho ithambo lixutywa khona. Ukuba ukuvuvukala, kukho imifuziselo yeminwe edandathekileyo. Ukuxakeka emilenzeni kaninzi kuhambela ukuxubana (rhoqo kunye nobusuku), kunzima ukususa ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha yemilenze, ukuvakalelwa "kokukhaphazela."
• Ukutshintsha imvelaphi ye-hormonal. Ukubonakala kwemivimbo ye-varicose yemilenze ekukhulelweni kokuqala kuhambelana nemiphumo ye-hormone, ngokukodwa, kunye neprogesterone. Inani le hormone landa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iprogesterone ikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwindonga yodonga oluvuthayo kwaye lwandise ukwanda kwalo kwi-150% yesiqhelo, ukubuyela kuyo kwinyanga ezimbini kuphela emva kokubeleka. Oku kuyimfuneko ye-physiologically, njengoko umthamo wegazi okhula ngokunyuka ufuna ukuba ukwanda kwindlela yokulala kwe-bedcular vascular, kunye nemithanjeni enomlenze ogqithiseleyo kunokuba iirriyiti zolulelwe kuninzi.
• Ukwandisa umthamo wegazi ojikelezayo. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, inani legazi elijikelezayo ngeemithanjeni yegazi landa kakhulu. Iqala nge-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ukunyuka kwiiveki ezingama-36. Olu tshintsho lubangela ukwanda okukhulu kumthwalo kwiindonga zeemvini zeenyawo ezingezantsi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukunyusa igazi entliziyweni. Futhi izifo ze-varicose ziyaqhubeka.
• Ukucima nge-uterus. Ekuphuhliseni imithanjeni ye-varicose, i-uterus ekhulisiweyo inendima kuphela kwi-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa, ukuqhuba uxinzelelo kwi-aliac kunye ne-inferior vena cava, ebangela ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kwiimvini ze-femal ukuya kuma-50%.
• Ukunyusa inzuzo. Ngokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo, umama olindelekileyo ungeze u-10-12 kg ngesisindo. Ngokufumana ubunzima obunzima (abanye abafazi abakhulelweyo bafumana i-20-30 kg) imvini ye-varicose ivela rhoqo. Oku kubangelwa kukuba, ngokunyamezela, ukunyamezela kwengcinezelo yegazi kuyenyuka kakhulu ngenxa yokulibazisa ukuphuma kwegazi kwiimvumba ezinkulu kunye nesigxina sokunene senhliziyo. Ngenxa yoko, iiswini zithuthuka ngokuthambekela ekuphuhliseni imithanjeni ye-varicose.
Ukuxilongwa kwezilonda ze-varicose
Kuba ukuxilongwa akusoloko kuyadingeka naziphi iindlela ezizodwa - ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhlaleni izikhalazo kunye nokuhlolwa komfazi okhulelweyo. Ukongezelela, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound dopplerographic yeemvini ezinkulu zemigangatho engezantsi zenziwa. Indlela ye-ultrasound ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone isakhiwo kwaye ahlolisise umsebenzi weemvini zecala elingezansi, iigraves zabo, kunye nokufumanisa i-thrombi.
Ukususa ukukhathala kweenyawo kuyakunceda ukwenza ukuzithobisa kweenyawo kunye naluphi ukhilimu ovimbela ukuhamba kwegazi. Yenza ekhaya ngaphambi kokulala. Ukuxubha ukhilimu, ukuhlambulula ama-ankle, izibonda, izigqoko kwinqanaba ukusuka phezulu: oku kuphucula ukuphuma kwegazi. Ukuba unesimo esingathandekiyo semithanjeni ye-varicose (ngaphandle kwe-vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, izilonda esikhumbeni), ukunyumba kwamanyathelo okukhanya kunokunokwenzeka kwaye kuyakunceda. Kuqulethe ngokulula ukutshitshisa umlenze wonke ngesandla kwisalathiso ukususela phezulu-ukusuka kwinqanaba ukuya kwi-groin. Inkqubo ibhetele ingenzi nje kuphela ngokuhlwa, kodwa nakusasa, kungakapheli imizuzu emi-5-7 emva kokunyanga. Le milinganiselo iya kusebenza ngakumbi xa iikholeji ezifanayo zokuxilwa kommandla we-lumbar-sacral wesihlanjeni, njengoko iziphumo ze-neuro-reflex kule ndawo zinefuthe elizuzayo kwi-tone ye-vascular yeimithanjeni zemilenze. Ukutshatyalaliswa kunqatshelwe kwiinguqu ezivuthayo zentsholongwane: i-phlebitis (ukuvuvukala kwodonga lwe-vein) kunye ne-thrombophlebitis (ukuvuvukala kwodonga lwe-vein ngokudibanisa ne-thrombus evala i-lumen yayo), kunye neempawu ze-eczema emanzi (izifo zesikhumba ezithintekayo ezinobungozi begazi). iswahlulo esahlukileyo kwimilenze - ukutshintsha iijetshi ezinamandla zamanzi afudumele kunye namanzi apholileyo (imizuzu emi-5-10 ngeenyawo). Imiphumo emihle kwimifuno ibuye ihambe (ihamba ngezihlangu ezintle) kwaye ibhukuda. Ukuba uqala ukuphawula ubunzima emilenzeni yakho, kufuneka ubone i-phlebologist. Ingcali kuphela inokumisela unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokukhusela, ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu njengeemvini ze-varicose.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwemiva
Musa ukusebenzisa amaqhina ngamanye amaxesha okanye kuphela ebusika, njengoko izigulane ezininzi zenzayo, - kufuneka zihlale zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala ziphahla. Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-veins kuboniswa kuzo zonke izigulane ezingenakunyameko okungahambiyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu. Ukugqoka i-knitwear yonyango yindlela ephela yokukhusela ukuvela kunye nokunyuka kweemvumba ze-varicose kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukuthintela i-thrombosis (ukwakheka kwamacenge egazi kwimifuno.) Ukuba i-phlebologist icebisa, kufuneka ugqoke izitokisi ezizodwa zokuxinwa, izithambo okanye iisokisi zamadolo. Le mveliso ugqirha ubhala ngabanye, ukhetha izinga lokunyanzeliswa. Ziyifake ngokukhawuleza umlenze, ingavumeli ukuba imifuno ikhulise kwaye. ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa isantya sokujikeleza kwegazi kunye nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwemithanjeni ye-varicose. Iingubo zigqithwe kwindawo efanelekileyo phambi kokuphuma ebhedeni kwaye zigqwezelekile emini, njengokuba zinciphisa imilenze yazo, imivilini yabo igcwele igazi, kwaye akukho jersey le nto ayiyi kutshintsha. Isitshixo ekuphumeleleni kwonyango lokunyanzeliswa yiyo rhoqo.
Mayeza
Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokwenza ithoni yeemvini zibizwa ngokuba yi-phlebotonics. Zifanele zibekwe ngugqirha ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zoviwo kunye noviwo. Ukukhulelwa ngumngcipheko wokuphuhlisa imivimbo ye-varicose, ukukhusela ukungakwazi ukuphelelwa yintsholongwane yamanqanaba angaphantsi okanye ukunciphisa impawu kwiimvumba ze-varicose, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe izidakamizwa ze-troxevasin kwiifomsile. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe izihlandlo ezi-2 (ekuseni nakusihlwa) ukufaka i-troxevasingel kumathole, kummandla we-popliteal, emva koko ulala khona imizuzu eyi-10-15, ukuphakamisa imilenze yakho. I-Troxevasin iphelisa i-edema, intlungu, iintlungu ze-trophic kunye neziganeko ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezinxulumene nokungafihli. I-Troxevasin ivunyiwe ukuba isebenzise kwisibini kunye nesithathu sesithathu sokukhulelwa.
Ngomvakalelo obunzima emilenzeni, iintlungu, "ukukhwela" emilenzeni ngaphambi kokuba ulale, iGinkor Fort ingasetyenziselwa kwiifomsile kusasa nangokuhlwa. Ngokusetyenziswa ngendlela echanekileyo (isisigxina), isilwanyana sinciphisa ubunzima beembonakaliso zekliniki zokungapheli kwintsholongwane engapheliyo. Inqunywe ukungafezeki kwamanzi emacaleni angaphantsi: uvakalelo lweemilenze, ubuhlungu, iincampu, izifo zengxaki (i-brown pigmentation, i-zilceration). Thatha izilwanyana kwiipilisi (ngexesha lomhla nangokuhlwa ngexesha lokutya). Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunokwenzeka kwi-trimester yesibini yokukhulelwa.
Unyango o
Ukunyanga kweemvumba ze-varicose ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuvumela ukusebenzisa zonke iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngaphandle kokukhulelwa. Unyango oluphandwayo (ukusebenza) luboniswa kuphela kwiimeko xa i-varicosity ihambelana nokungafihleki okungapheliyo kunye neengxaki zemilenze ye-varicose. Abafazi abakhulelweyo abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-sclerotherapy (i-sclerosant injected in vein kunye neendonga zayo iindonga, okwangoku igazi legazi liphela). Ngethuba lokukhulelwa kunye nomnyaka wokuqala emva kokubeleka, ukhetho lunikezelwa kwiindlela zokonga (ezichithwayo). Ukunikezelwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abaneempilo ezingapheliyo ezinokuphefumula kufuneka baqhutywe kwiibhanji eziqhotyoshelweyo kunye nokuqhubeka ngokusemthethweni kokusetyenziswa kwabo kwisithuba sokugqibela emva kweenyanga ezi-4.
Isilwanyana sandisa ithoni enomdla, iyanciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwesisombululo samanzi, inefuthe le-analgesic. Ingasetyenziselwa kwisigxina sesibini kunye nesithathu sokukhulelwa. Olunye olwamkelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa nguLyoton 1000 Gel. Isilwanyana sichaza ukhuseleko xa sisetyenziswe kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kuzo zonke iinqunithi. Ixakeka ngokukhawuleza, enika ingxube ephezulu ye-heparin kwizicubu ngokuthelekiswa nezinye izilungiso zendawo, kunye nama-creams namafutha. Into ehlukile eyahlula le nkunkuma evela kwezinye iziyobisi ezisetyenziswa ngokufanayo yi-anticoagulant ebizwa ngokuba yi-antiticoagulant (ukunciphisa i-coagulability yegazi), i-anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic kunye ne-phlebotonic (ukukhuthaza ithoni ye-venous).I-Detralex isetyenziswa kwakhona. Inomphumo we-venotonic: iyanciphisa ukwanda kweemithanjeni, yandisa ithoni yayo kwaye iyanciphisa i-stasis enegazi elibi.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
Ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiimvumba ezixubileyo zemilenze, i-pelvis encinci, isisu, ubufazi kunye kunye nomonakalo kwindonga yesitya kubangela iimeko ezifanelekileyo ze-thrombosis. Kule nto kufuneka ifakwe ukuphulwa kwenkqubo ye-blood coagulation. Umngcipheko weengxaki ze-thromboembolic ekungenakulinganisweni okungapheliyo kufinyelele kwi-10%. I-thrombosis ye-veins (okanye i-phlebothrombosis) - ukwakheka kwegazi kwi-lumen ye-vein - i-clots yegazi. Ngokucinywa ngokupheleleyo kwe-lumen ye-vein, kukho intlungu ebukhali kuyo yonke inyawo, ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa nomzimba kunye nokunciphisa ukushisa okunciphisa umlenze ochaphazelekayo. Isilungu siyajika kwaye siba luhlaza. Kukhona ukuvuvukala komlenze wonke, ukwandisa kwisigcawu nesisu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kuphela ukubonakaliswa kwekliniki ye-thrombosis ingaba buhlungu xa uhamba. Uphulo lwe-phlebothrombosis luvame ukuphumelela kwaye ludla lukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima. I-thrombosis yemifuno ingaba nzima ngokugqithiswa kwe-pulmonary. I-Thrombophlebitis - ukuvuvukala kwodonga olusenyakatho kunye nokwakhiwa kweemvini zithrombi kwi-lumen ye-vein. I-Thrombophlebitis ithambekele ekufudukeni ize isasaze kwaye iphantsi kwe-vein, ngamanye amaxesha ingena phakathi kweemithanjeni ezingenangqondo. Ngale nkcenkceshe, iintlungu ezibukhali zibonakala ngokukhawuleza ngexesha le-veicose-varated-veated vein. Kunokwenzeka ukuphakamisa ubushushu ukuya kuma-38 ° C. Ulusu olujikeleze loo misonto luya kubomvu kwaye luvuvuke, umvuthwa uvakalelwa ngesimo senxinxantye, esibuhlungu. I-Thrombophlebitis iyisifo esiyingozi kwaye, ngaphandle kokunyanga okufanelekileyo, ihlala ibangela iingxaki ezinobungozi bobomi bowesifazane: i-pulmonary embolism, sepsis (ukungena kwigazi kunye nezicubu ze-microbes pathogenic kunye ne-toxins), imilenze ye-pathogenic imilenze.
I-Thromboembolism ye-pulmonary artery yinto enzima kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubangelwa yi-thrombi evelele kwiimvini ezinzulu zemida ephantsi. I-thrombi eyona yingozi kakhulu, edibene nomnye umda ukuya eludongeni lwesitya, kwaye enye, ikhululekile, ihamba ngesiqhumiso se-vein. Ngomgudu omncinci: ukukhwehlela, ukunyakaza ngokukhawuleza, ukuxhatshaza - i-clot break and flows to the pulmonary artery ngegazi. Ihlakulela ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okanye i-myocardial infarction. Isigulana ngokukhawuleza sinokuphefumula, intlungu yesifuba, i-hemoptysis ingabonakala. Ulusu lwempumlo, imilomo, indlebe zifumana umbala we-cyanotic okanye ziguquka. Iintonga zivakala kwimiphunga. Kwi-echocardiogram, ama-clots atholakala entliziyweni elungileyo kunye nemithambo ye-pulmonary, iimpawu zokuphula umthetho we-ventricle yenhliziyo. Ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwimeko enzulu kunokukhokelela ekufeni ukuba akukho msebenzi osebenzayo. Ukukhusela ngexesha kunye nokunyanga kokungapheli okungahambiyo kunokuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwemithanjeni ye-varicose kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nezifo ezinzulu, ezifana ne-thrombophlebitis, i-thrombosis vein kunye ne-thromboembolism. Ngoku siyazi ukuba yintoni imilenze ye-varicose eyingozi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuvuvukala.