Iipatata zibizwa ngokuba "isonka sesibini". Ngokuqinisekileyo uthatha indawo yesibini ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokutya kwilizwe lethu emva kwemveliso yefriji (xabiso elilinganayo - 250 amagremate amazambane ngosuku ngalunye lwaseRashiya). Into ebangelisayo yile propati kukuba iifatates ayikwazi ukuyenza isidleke. Iifatata ziyahluka kwaye ziphakamileyo kwi-caloric content - kwi-100 g - 83 kcal. Kwaye oku kubini, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kathathu ngaphezu kweminye imifuno, ngoko ke, iifatata kufuneka zincincike kulabo banesisindo sogqirha kwaye banesifo sikashukela (ekubeni iifatata zizityebi kwi-starch, leyo, phantsi kwefuthe le-enzyme yokugaya, ikwahlukana ibe yishukela elula uninzi lwamandla).
Kuhle ukugcina ingqalelo ukuba umxholo omkhulu kwiivithamini kunye nokulandelelana kwezinto kwiifatata zikwinqanaba lekwindla, ngokukhawuleza emva kokucinywa komhlaba, nakwiizambatho ezincinane, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lixesha lini. Ukuba iifatata zigcinwa ixesha elide, ngoko ixabiso levithamini liyancipha ngokukhawuleza (umzekelo, umxholo wevithamini C kwiitata ezincinane ziphindwe kathathu kunezibambane ezigcinwe kwiinyanga eziliqela).
Iifatata zokupheka ngaphandle kwetale zikhokelela ekulahlekeni kwe-50% ye-vitamin C, kwaye ukuba uyipheka kunye ne-peel-ke ukulahleka kuya kuba ngu-20-30% kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kusengcono ukupheka iitapile ezicocwe nje ngaphambi kokupheka. Ukuba ibilisiwe "inifomu", ngoko njengoko kusekwe izazinzulu zaseMerika, i-solonine enetyhefu equkethwe kwi-peel peel inokudlulela kule mveliso, ngezinye izihlandlo ibe yimbangela yezifo zesisu kunye neentloko.
Okuncinane kulahlekile nge-vitamin C, i-potassium kunye nezinye izaliti zetyuwa xa ubhaka amazambane kwi-oven ngendlela efanayo. Ukongezelela, iifatates ezibhakiwe kulula ukugaya kuneebilisiwe.
Ukuze ushiye amavithamini amaninzi, i-phytoncides kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo kwii-tubers, zihlambulule kwaye zitshise izitato ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokupheka (sebenzisa isamba esingenasici esingenasici okanye umkhwa wekramiki namhlanje). Lahla izitya zetsimbi ngaphandle koqweqwe lwawo okanye umonakalo. Ungashiyi amazambane adibeneyo kakhulu emanzini. Kwakhona, musa ukuzalisa i-tubers ngaphambi kokuba ubilise ngamanzi abandayo, kungcono ukubeka iiitamatisi ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi abilayo (ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-vitamin C kabini), ukwenzela ukuba i-pan igcwale ngokukhawuleza, ifake kubilisa ngokushisa okukhulu, uze ubilise kumancinci kunye nesibhambathiso sivaliwe. Musa ukuxuba amazambane rhoqo ukuphepha ukudibanisa nomoya, kwaye uphakanyiswe phezulu ngamanzi, ubilisiwe (kunye ne-oksijeni, eyenza i-vithamini C kwaye iyitshabalalise).
Ukupheka ende, ngakumbi ngokupheka okukhulu, kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwe-ascorbic acid. Kwiifatata ezidibeneyo kunye nezitshizi, zigcinwa ngaphantsi kokupheka (malunga ne-50%, inani elifanayo levithamini C lichongiwe ngokutsha ngokupheka yonke imithetho yokupheka, isobho sezambane).
Ukugaya amazambane, sebenzisa i-tolkushka engcono kuneensimbi, kuba xa uqhagamshelana nesinyithi, i-vitamin C iya kuphuka.
Ngelishwa, i-vitamin C ayigcinwe kakuhle kwiitya ezenziwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoko, umzekelo, kwiiyure ezingama-4 ukuya ku-6 zokugcinwa kwesobho sezambatyambo kuwo cishe akuhlali i-ascorbic acid. Zama ukuzidla ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokushiya ngosuku olulandelayo.
Kwaye ezinye iingcebiso ezimbalwa.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhawuleza ukupheka kweetatate, faka isipuni 1 segargarine ngamanzi abilayo. Ifilimu eyenziwe emgangathweni iya kudala uzinzo, ukuthintela i-steam ukuba iphume ukuphuma ngaphandle kwaye idale umphumo wokhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
Ukwenza iifatata ezibilisiwe, ubeke ii-cloves 2-3 ze-garlic ezichotshoziweyo kunye namaqabunga angama-1-2 okanye amaqabunga ambalwa kunye ne-dill engumgubo emanzini ngexesha lokupheka.
Emva kokubilisa iitatayi ezihlutshiwe, oomama bahlala bethululela umhluzi. Nangona kunjalo, oku akufanele kwenziwe xa usebenzisa umhlobo onobubele ongenalo, umzekelo, i-nitrate engaphezulu. Inyaniso kukuba ngaphezulu kwe-20% yamaminerari amaminerali kunye nezinye izondlo ziya kudlula emsizeni, ngoko kungcono ukuba ungadlulisi, kodwa usebenzise ukupheka ezinye izitya. Umzekelo, unokubilisa i-pasta okanye ilayisi, eyokucwangcisa i-vitamine kwi-potato broth.
Ukusetyenziswa kokutya, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiinjongo zokwelapha, ngaphezu koko, khetha iifatata ezingenamsebenzi kuphela, ngaphandle kwempawu zesifo nokubola.
Ukuba ugcina iifatata kwigumbi elimnyama kwindawo yokushisa emoyeni yee-5-7 degrees, ngoko iivithamini zayo zigcinwe kangcono. Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kufuphi ne-zero kwaye ngokukodwa ngaphantsi kwe-zero, kukho ukwanda kwenani leshukela kwi-tubers ukuya kwi-9% kwaye bafumana ukunambitheka okumnandi. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho kwintetho aluhambisani nokuhla kwexabiso londlo. Ukuba ezo mbatata zibanjelwe iintsuku eziliqela kwindawo yokushisa, zize ziguqule iinkqubo ze-biochemical. Ngenxa yoko, isiqulatho seshukela kwii-tubers siqhelekile kwaye intlaba yayo iyaba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Gcina amazambane kwiibhokisi kunye neendonga zamehlo. Beka kwimivalo, ukuze umoya ungene ukusuka ngaphantsi. Kuhle ukuthulula ama-tubers ngamaqabunga aqhekekileyo entabeni ye-ash ash (i-10 kg yeebhatate, i-30 g yamagqabi). Baya kunceda ukuyigcina kumonakalo nokungena kwamagciwane.
Emva koFebruwari-Matshi, sebenzisa kuphela izilimo eziyizigulane ezigcinwe kakuhle. Ukuba zihluma, ziphendukile eziluhlaza ukusuka kwisenzo sokukhanya okanye ziqala ukubola, ngoko kungcono ukushiya loo mbatata, kuba iqokelela inani elinyukayo lenkomo yenkomo enobuthi onobungozi emzimbeni womntu.