Ngowokuqala i-citric acid yayingabandakanywa kwimizi yezilumko ezivuthiweyo emva kowe-1784. Kwavulwa eSweden ngu-khemisti uCarl Scheel. Ngokweengcali, i-citric acid ifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zokutya. Le nxalenye yinxalenye yeziqhamo ze-citrus, amajikijolo, i-citric acid iqulethwe kwiinaliti, isi-Chinese magnolia umdiliya kunye nakwii-karrka.
Ukufumana
Ekuqaleni, i-citric acid yafunyanwa kwiphunga lemon kunye ne-mackerel biomass. Namhlanje ihlanganiswa kwizinto ezikhethiweyo zethukela okanye kwi-ushukela eliqhelekileyo ngoncedo lwefungus ye-mold mold.
Isicelo
I-asidi ye-citric kunye nama-salts (i-potassium citrate, i-calcium citrate kunye ne-sodium citrate) isetyenziswe ngokusetyenziswa njenge-flavoring additive, i-conservative, i-acidity regulator kwi-shishini lokutya ukuze yongeze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokutya nokusela. Ukongezwa kokutya kwe-citric acid - Е330, Е331, Е332, Е333. I-asidi ye-Citric, eyona yinto eqhelekileyo ye-acululant, ayikwazi nje ukunika ixabiso imveliso enomdla, kodwa iyakwenza njenge-antioxidant. Ukongezelela, i-citric acid iyakwazi ukukhusela iimveliso kwimiphumo yesinyithi esinzima, iyimvelo ye-asidi engokwemvelo esetyenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza izidiza ezahlukeneyo. I-asidi ye-Citric ayikwazi nje ukunika utywala kwakhona, ikwaqwalaselwa kwakhona njengomlawuli we-acidity.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuba i-citric acid ayisebenzisi nje kuphela ekudleni, kodwa nakwiimveliso zamagesi kunye neoli, apha isetyenziselwa ukubola imithombo ukuze kuphuculwe i-sement kwisisombululo, ekubeni le nto ingakwazi ukukrazula udaka lwe-i-calcium ions .
Isicelo sokupheka
Le nkunkuma ifumaneka kakhulu kumashishini okutya, unesisombululo esifanelekileyo, utyhefu oluphantsi, lukhuselekileyo kwimeko, luhambelana kakuhle neekhemikhali ezininzi. Iipropati ezingentla apha ze-citric acid zenza i-acid acidifier ebalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwishishini lokutya. Le nkunkuma isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-ketchup, i-mayonnaise, i-jelly, i-jams, i-sauces, iimpahla ezinamathanga, i-cheese echonkcekileyo, ukuchelela, i-confectionery, izityalo kunye ne-berry egcinwayo kwimidlalo. Kwakhona le nxalenye yeekhemikhali isetyenziselwa ukulondolozwa kwimboni yokukhangela ukuze kwandiswe ubomi beshefu yeemveliso ezininzi. I-asidi ye-citric isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweentlanzi ezenziwe ngetinki zezinye iintlobo.
Iipropati kunye neenzuzo ze-citric acid
Le nkunkuma iyaziwayo kwiimpawu zayo zonyango. Ithatha inxaxheba ekuhlanjululeni umzimba weetyuti ezingaphezulu, inkunkuma enobungozi, i-slag, inefuthe elihle kwinkqubo yokugaya inyama, iyatshisa i-carbohydrates, iphucula amehlo, inokwakheka kwempahla, inokukhusela umkhuhlane. Ukongezelela, kubandakanyeka ekususweni kweetekisi.
Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yale nkunkuma ithathwa njengokuba ingaveliswa ngesimo esiqinileyo, ngaphandle kokuba ifumaneke kwiimbalo ezinobuncwane beenkqubo zokuphefumula nokugaya.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-citric acid ngeentlungu ezinzima emqaleni. Ukuze ufezekise umphumo ofunwayo, kuyimfuneko ukugqiba zonke iifiyure zeeyure ze-30th acid solution. Ukuba kwenzeka ukuba akukho i-citric acid, ungasebenzisa i-lemon efanelekileyo, kufuneka uyichithe ngokukhawuleza, uphinde ujike intloko yakho ngendlela yokuba ijusi inokugubungela iindonga zomqala. Kubalulekile ukuqhuba le nkqubo rhoqo ngangokunokwenzeka, de uziva ukhululiwe.
I-asidi ye-Citric inceda ukukhawulezisa iinkqubo zokuxilisa, kuphela xa uyisebenzisela ubuninzi obuncinane. Ukongeza, i-citric acid iyanconywa ukuba isetyenziswe kwi-hangover syndrome, inokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhatshazwa komzimba.
I-acid ye-citric kwi-cosmetic industry
Le nkunkuma idume kwi shishini lezonyakatho kuba iyakwazi ukudibanisa ndawonye iipolisi ezikhulisiweyo. Ukongezelela, i-citric acid inefuthe elimhlophe, ngenxa yoko ukuba isetyenziselwa ukulahla amabala, i-freckles kunye ne-bleaching yesikhumba. Emva kwe-acric citric, isikhumba sithola umthunzi omhle we-matte.
I-asidi ye-Citric iyayikhathalela ngokukhawuleza iplantshi ye-nail, yenza kube lula kunye ne-shiny. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-citric acid rhoqo, kungenjalo kungakhokelela ekutheni ukunyanzeliswa kwesikhonkwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-citric acid ingatholakala kwiintlobo zeemveliso ezijoliswe ekuqiniseni izipikili, kunye ne-malic okanye i-lactic acid.
I-asidi ye-Citric iyinxalenye yezinto ezininzi zokugcoba.
Ukungqinelana
Nangona kunjalo ukuba emzimbeni womntu, i-citric acid ihlala iqulethwe, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokucophelela.
Iisombululo ezanelisayo ze-citric acid zingashukusa isikhumba, xa sondela emehlweni le nto ibangela enye yezinto eziqinileyo.
Ukusebenzisa i-citric acid ngaphakathi, kubalulekile ukugcina isilinganisi esinyanisiweyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba xa udla umthamo omkhulu we-citric acid, unokubangela enye yezona zinto ziqhenqile kakhulu kwi-mucosa yesisu, ehamba kunye nokukhwehlela, intlungu kunye nokuhlanza igazi. Akukhuthazwa ukuba i-citric acid, ingabangela ukucaphukiswa kwendlela yokuphefumula.