I-Raspberries inendawo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwezityalo ze-berry, kuba kungekhona nje ukunyanga okumnandi, kodwa kwakhona isisombululo esihle kakhulu kwizifo ezininzi. Kodwa ngokufanelekileyo ukutyala nokunyamekela ama-raspberries, ukwenzela ukuba kuveliswe isivuno esihle?
Unokutshala i-raspberries ekwindla, entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutyala isityalo kunye nokunciphisa izityalo ezityalo.
Indlela yokutshala i-raspberry engancinci
Unokutyalela ama-raspberries emithonjeni kunye nemigodi. Kungcono ukhethe umsele, nangona oku kunzima kakhulu, kodwa ke wonke umhlaba unikezwa izondlo, kwaye isivuno singcono.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungiselele iifaki ezinyangeni ezingama-20-25 ngaphambi kokufika kwabantu abadala.
Ngaphambi kokutyala izityalo ze-raspberry, kufunekakile ukususa ukhula olungapheliyo emhlabeni. Imiqolo iya kuhlwaywa kwaye igalelwe. Ukunciphisa inani lokhula, sinokuzifaka ngento ethile, umzekelo, i-linoleum.
Isayithi oye wabelwe ama-raspberries, kufuneka u sasaze ipikiniki. Emva koko, ngentambo, kuyimfuneko ukucima umgca we-50 cm ububanzi kunye nokucima kwe-40 cm.
Ngaphantsi komsele, kubalulekile ukongeza umgquba obolile okanye umquba, uluhlu lube ngu-10 cm, kunye nezichumisi zamaminerali ezivela kwi-superphosphate ephindwe kabini kufuneka zichithwe phezulu. Uluhlu lwesithathu lufanele lube yi-biohumus, njengoko unakho.
Ukuba umhlaba unayo kwaye ukhule, ngoko awukwazi ukwenza nantoni na ukuwuqhelisa.
Xa utyala izithombo, unako ukwenza ngaphandle komlotha. Kodwa ininzi kakhulu ayifanelekanga ukungongeza, kuba i-mamma ikhula kakuhle kumhlaba ongenamandla kwaye ungathathi hlangothi. I-ash yenza ukuba amajikijolo atyeke ngakumbi, unokusebenzisa umlotha kunye emva kokuvuna phezu komhlaba.
Akukho mzekelo onako ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen fertilizer, inobungozi kwisityalo.
Imfuneko ye-Raspberry yokuhlala kunye nomhlaba
I-Raspberries ingakhula kwaye ingabi kwindawo enelanga, kodwa izityalo ziya kuba zibi. Amahlumela aya kufumana ilanga. Ebusika, amaqabunga amahlumela aya kufa ngenxa yokuphakama, ngoko ke entwasahlobo uza kubasusa konke okufanayo.
UMalina kufuneka anikwe indawo eqaqambileyo, apho kungabi kubanda, imimoya yasemazantsi. I-Raspberry ithanda umhlaba apho umswakama ugcinwa khona kunye kunye nomhlaba ovuthiweyo, ocolileyo kunye okhanyayo. Unokutshala i-raspberries kwi-sandy loam kunye nomhlaba onesihlabathi, kodwa ke unyaka ngamnye kufuneka uququze kwaye uhlale unamanzi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isityalo sithintela ubuncinane i-1.8 m kunye kunye nomgama we-0.7 m omnye komnye, ngaphandle kokuba kukho i-seedlings 2 kwimingxuma.
Kukulungele ukubeka endaweni engama-30 cm omnye komnye, kuba zonke izityalo azihlali zijwayele.
Xa kulunge ukutshala okubi
Ukutyala inzala ye-raspberry eluhlaza, kufuneka ulinde de ibe yinto ephakamileyo ye-15-20cm. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo xa kushushu kwaye kushushu, ngoMeyi-Juni. Nangona inzala ingaqhelekanga, kufuneka uwathambisa onke amaxesha. Ukuba inzala yakho iphezulu kuneyona nto, ngoko kufuneka uyinqumle ubude bomzimba. Kungenxa yokuba kuphela ingcambu ibalulekile ekutyala. Zibambe kuphela xa phantsi komhlaba kukho iingcambu ezimhlophe, ezikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Izityalo ezakhula kwiibhanki zihlonyelwe kakhulu ehlobo. Ngoko baya kuphila baze batyelele kude kube sebusika.
Ukuba utshala izityalo entwasahlobo, ziya kuthatha ixesha elide, kuba sele zineziqabana ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, kukulungele ukuwasika phantsi.
Ungesabi ukwenza izihlahla, i-raspberries zihlumela, olunye uhlanga olunexesha elilodwa kuphela. Ngoko ke, ukucoca kunempembelelo enkulu ngendlela i-raspberries eya kuqhele ngayo.
Ekwindla kuyimfuneko ukuhlwayela isityalo xa sele sele isivuthiwe. Oku uya kuyiqonda ngentamo yengcambu - apho ungabona iinjongo.
Ukugcinwa kwebusika kweerpberry
Ngama-raspberries ekwindla ekupheleni kwezona zinto zingcono ukuba zingalinywa, ayiyi kuba nexesha lokuthatha ingcambu. Kukulungele ukugcina izithombo kunye nokuzityala entwasahlobo. Ukuze uwasindise, kufuneka ubeke inkcubeko kwisikhwama se-polyethylene nge-sawdust emanzi kwaye ushiye.
Into ephambili kukuba isityalo kufuneka sibe neengcambu eziphilayo zembala ebomvu, ngoko kuya kuphumelela ngaphezulu.
Gcina isikhwama se-raspberries kwisitrato okanye nge-cellar-kwindawo ebandayo. Iqondo lokushisa akufanele liphakame ngaphezu kwee-4 degrees kwaye akukho mfuneko kufuneka ityeke iikhwama, ngoko ke i-raspberry ayifaki ingcambu.
Ukukhethwa kwezityalo kunye ne-raspberry plantation
Ukutshala i-raspberry, khetha izityalo ngeentsundu zobudaka obuphakathi, isityalo se-thinnest singcono kunokuba isiqu esinyeneyo. Ngako oko, ukhethe okukhethiweyo kumancinci amancinci kunye neengcambu ezintle kunye 1-3 neziqu eziphezulu, eziye zakhula. Akuyimfuneko ukuchitha abaninzi abatyala imali kunye neentlobo ezininzi.
Ngelixa uzisa izityalo ekhaya, kuyimfuneko ukufihla inkqubo yeengcambu evulekileyo ngotshani omanzi okanye i-rag, kunye nasekhaya ngokukhawuleza ukuba umbe. Awukwazi ukuba neengcambu kwixesha elide emoyeni.
Ukuba ugcina izinto zokutshala ezimanzi kwiipokethi ze-polyethylene ixesha elide, liza kuphazamisa umgangatho wezityalo, kuba iingcambu zabacwangcisi zibola kwaye zibe mnyama kumswakama.
Ngaphambi kokutyala isityalo, kungcono ukudibanisa iingcambu ze-mullein ngodongwe kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo (izixhobo zeplastiki, i-phosphorobacterins, i-heteroauxin, i-humates kunye nabanye).
Iintlobo kufuneka zibe ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, kufuneka zinqunywe. Amahlumela aseRispberry kufuneka angabi ngaphezu kwama-35 cm.
Iimiphunga kufuneka zihlise kwi-furrow kwaye zihlanganiswe nomhlaba ocebileyo. Izityalo kufuneka zidibanise, ukuze umhlaba uwe phakathi kweengcambu uze ucinezele.
Xa utyala, qiniseka ukuba ubukele ubunzulu. Akuyimfuneko ukutyala izityalo ngokucokisekileyo, ukukhula kuya kukhula okanye kufe. Kwakhona, omnye akufanele avumele ukutyala okuncinci, ngoko iingcambu zingasomisa, ezizalisa isityalo sonke ngokunyamezela, kwaye ebusika i-raspberry iyakhwala.
Emva kokuba uhlanyele izityalo kunye nomhlaba uhlala phantsi, qiniseka ukuba intamo ye-raspberry entanyeni iphezulu kumgangatho womhlaba.
Ukuba ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutyala ama-raspberries, iimvula ezinamandla zadlula kwaye umhlaba waba manzi kakhulu, ngoko ke isityalo akufanele siphuze. Mane ulungele umhlaba ngokujikeleza izityalo.
Ngokukhawuleza ujikeleze ama-raspberries kufuneka ufefe umgquba ogqithiseleyo, umquba womthi okanye i-peat. Uza kugcina ukunyameka emhlabathini, awuyi kuphefumula, ngaphezu koko, umhlaba uya kuhlala ukhululekile kwaye uhlaziywa.
I-autumn raspberry plantation yokuhlala
Ngoku kuyafuneka ukuba uqaphele umzuzu obaluleke kakhulu xa utyala amangcwaba. Esi sityalo siya kutshabalalisa kakuhle kuphela ukuba umhlaba awunamanzi kakhulu, kwaye iingcambu ezavela ewaweni aziyi kubanda. Ungaqiniseka njani ukuba abafi? Ukuze ugweme oku, kuyimfuneko, kunye nemibhobho yokuqala, ukugubungela iingcambu ze-raspberry kunye namacembe awa phantsi kwimithi. Unokwakha isakhiwo esinjalo ukuze uhlambe i-raspberries nge-polyethylene, ngoko kuluhlaza. Ngoko uya kudala indawo yokukhusela emoyeni eyomileyo i-raspberries. Abo bantu abakhula izityalo ezincinci kwintsimi, banako ukuwufumana. Kuya kwenzeka ekupheleni konyaka wobusika okanye sele sele kusentwasahlobo ukususa i-clock oil.
Ukuba ufuna ukutshala izityalo ezininzi ngexesha elilodwa, ngoko kukufanelekile ukuba uvumelane nomthengisi ukuzithenga ehlobo kwiinkomfa, ngoko akudingeki ukuba uvelise nantoni na ukufihla isityalo ebusika.
I-Raspberry ithebhu
Ngomnyaka wokuqala njengoko ubeka isityalo se-raspberries, ukuhlaselwa rhoqo. Ukushiya i-raspberry kweli lizwe akufanelekanga, nokuba iimbuni ezimbalwa zawa. Yingakho kubalulekile ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala ehlotyeni ukuqhuba uphicotho lwentsimi yakho, ngoko unokususa ezo zityalo ezingathathi ingcambu, kwaye ngokuwa ungatshala izityalo ezintsha kule ndawo.
Ukuba une-raspberry kunye ne-lunge encinci yayincinci, ngoko awukwazi ukulinda de i-autumn ne-plant raspberries enezala eluhlaza ehlobo.
Ngentwasahlobo, xa ama-raspberries efakwe kunye kunye nemikhosi emitsha ibonakala, kuyimfuneko ukunqumla isitja esidala kwaye ukhusele ukutshalwa kwetsha. Ukuba wenqabela amajikijolo kunyaka wokuqala, izityalo ziya kuthatha iingcambu kakuhle kwaye amahlumela amatsha aza kuphuhliswa kwiminyaka eseleyo.
Ukuba i-raspberry utyalwe kwilizwe elungileyo, ngoko-ke ngonyaka wokuqala u-raspberries awukwazi ukuzaliswa kwaye angadli.
Ukongezelela kule ndlela yendabuko yokutyala i-raspberries, kukho indlela "yemvelo" - i-raspberries ikhulile ngemithi. Oku kunenzuzo kakhulu kumyezo wegadi kwaye kuyinzuzo kwisityalo.