Uninzi lwabantu alubi kumthwalo wabo obunzima, kodwa ukunyusa ngokweqile abantwana babo akubi kakhulu. Abazali, naphezu kokugqithisa, baqhubeke bekhupha umntwana wabo ngeeskese, kwaye ngenxa yoko umntwana akakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yezinto ezisisiseko. Kwiintsapho apho kukho iingxaki zezinto eziphathekayo, ngokuchasene noko, kunzima ukubonelela umntwana ngesondlo esifanelekileyo, okukhokelela ekutheni ubunzima bobunzima.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abahlengikazi bezilwanyana basekhaya bafumana i-data evumelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo eyamkelekileyo ukufumana ubungakanani bemilinganiselo, nangona le ndlela ingasetyenziswanga eNtshona kwithuba elide, kodwa i-BMI (isibalo somzimba womzimba) isetyenzisiweyo, oku kuwuphawu olumiselweyo.
Kuyaziwa ukuba umzimba wabantwana unokukwazi ukulwa nokukhululeka. Nangona umntwana unamapounds angaphezulu, kusekho iselula kwaye isebenzayo. Ubunzima buqala kamva, ngokukhula komzimba komzimba. Ngeli thuba, ukuphuhliswa komzimba kusekelwe ekwakheni isiseko, esiza kubalwa kumntu wonk 'ubomi. Ukuba umzimba wengane ukhululiwe, ngoko imiphumo yale nto iya kubonakala. Ukuphepha iingxaki kwixesha elizayo, ngamnye umzali kufuneka azi ukuba ubunzima bomntwana buhambelana nemimiselo.
Umzimba kunye nomntwana osemtsha ngexesha lokukhula lihlala kwipropati yentuthuko eqhubekayo, ngokungafani nomzimba omdala. Imizimba yabo ikhula ngabanye kwaye ngoko, kwixesha eliphuhliswayo, umntwana omnye unokuthi ahluke komnye umntwana, kwaye umlinganiselo wesisindo nokuphakama kuyahluka. Ngoko ke, indlela yokumisela ubunzima bomzimba ngamnye kubantu abadala kuphela echaphazelekayo apha. Ukuze kusetyenziswe isibonakaliso sobunzima bomntwana, uphando oluninzi luye lwaqhutywa, oluye lwabangelwa ukuchongwa kwezibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo ze-BMI yeeminyaka ezahlukeneyo zabantwana. Siyabulela kule data, sinokufumana ukuba ubunzima bomntwana buhambelana nexesha elidlulileyo.
I-BMI yomntwana ithathwa njengolu hlobo lulandelayo:
BMI = Isisindo / (Ukuphakama kwiimitha) 2
Le ndlela yokubala ingasetyenziselwa abadala, kodwa ifom ifumaneka kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-20. Kungekudala, utshintsho lwenziwe kule fomyula ngendlela yokucacisa i-coefficients, kodwa ayithinteli ngokucacileyo isibonakaliso sokugqibela.
Thatha, umzekelo, umntwana oneminyaka emibili ubudala kunye nobude be-1 m kunye ne-20 cm kunye nobukhulu be-17 kg. Ngendlela esisifumana ngayo-BMI = 17: (1,2 2 ) = 11,8
Kodwa ezi coefficients zinika ulwazi oluncinci. Inokufumaneka kwitafile ekhethekileyo ye-BMI, esetyenziswa ngabazali kunye nezingane zakudala entshonalanga.
Imiyalelo
Kubalulekile ukulinganisa ukuphakama kunye nobukhulu bomzimba womntwana, ngoko kubala i-BMI usebenzisa ifom. Matshekisha kwitshathi efana neengongoma ze-BMI kunye nobudala bakhe. Bhala uphawu kwigrafu.
Ngoko, iminyaka engama-2 ubudala, i-BMI = 11.8, ngokulandelanayo, kwi-Age ye-Age sibonisa isicatshulwa sesi-2, kwaye kwi-axis ye-BMI iphuzu li-11.8. Fumana ingongoma ye-intersection yabo kwigrafu. Eli nqaku libonisa ubunzima obuncitshiweyo bomntwana, ngenxa yokuba liwela kumgca ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngokuncediswa kwegrafu, sinokugqiba ngokulinganisela ubunzima bomntwana ngokuthelekiswa nobude kunye nobudala. Lo umehluko phakathi kokubala kobunzima ngokwesihlomelo se-BMI ukusuka kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo ezamkelwe ngaphambili, i-calculus ebonisa ukubhalisa okanye ukungafani emzimbeni womntwana ukusuka kwisiqhelo, ngaphandle kokuthembela ekukhuleni kwayo.
Ukulinganisa okunjalo ubunzima nokukhula komzimba womntwana kufuneka kwenziwe kwinyanga ezintandathu kwaye kuphawulwe kwigrafu, iphuzu lokukhula kunye nenqaku le-BMI. Emva koko, kufuneka sidibanise la manqaku kwinqanaba elibonisa inkqubela yokuphuhliswa kwe-BMI kwaye ingaba kukho ukuthambekela kobunzima obukhulu.
Ngaphambi kwe-BMI kukho iinombolo-le pesenti. Kubalulekile ukusekwa kwinqanaba lomgca kumaphuzu okulinganisa umntwana wakho xa kuthelekiswa namaqondo adibeneyo okukhokelela kwipesenti. Kwimizekelo echazwe ngasentla, ingongoma ingezantsi kwe-5%. Ngenxa yoko, ngaphantsi kwe-5% yabantwana balobudala kunye nobude banomzimba obunjalo. Kwaye ukuba ingongoma, umzekelo, isondele kumgca we-20% index, ithetha ukuba i-20% yabantwana beli qela lobudala kunye nokukhula kunobunzima obunjalo.
Ukuba amaphuzu angaphezulu komgca we-85%, ngoko ubunzima bomntwana buninzi ngaphezu koqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuba ngaphezu kwe-95%, umntwana sele sele ekhululekileyo.