Kwiiveki ezingama-16, umntwana esesibelethweni ufana nobukhulu kwi-avocado, ubude bawo buyi-11-11.5 cm, kwaye ubukhulu bayo buyi-80 gram. Kwiiveki ezintathu ezizayo uya kuba nefuthe elikhulu, uya kwandisa ubunzima bakhe nokukhula kabini. Iziphelo ezingezantsi zaphuhliswa ngakumbi, intamo yaphakamisa intloko yayo phezulu. Iindlebe kunye namehlo zisondele kakhulu kwindawo yazo yokugqibela. Ngeli xesha, intliziyo encinci iphupha malunga neelitha ezingama-25 zegazi imihla ngemihla. Nangona ukuba amehlo avaliwe, angakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, izipikili sele zikhula kwimilenze.
Indlela umntwana akhula ngayo
Kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba iinjongo kunye nesibindi zisebenza ngokuzeleyo, yonke imizuzu engama-45 umntwana ushintsha utshintsho lwe-amniotic fluid.
Ubunzima buba ngumbumba wokugaya, kunye nomnatha obomvu uqala ukwenza imisebenzi ye-hematopoietic. Egazini lomntwana sele kunokwenzeka ukufumana zonke iiseli eziphawulekayo ngegazi lomntu omdala, iqela layo kunye ne-rezusfactor sele sele izimisele. Isisu, gallbladder, intumbo iqala ukusebenza. Enyanisweni, ngelixa umsebenzi wabo ungabizwa ukuqeqeshwa. Kwimathumbu yesisu, izinto eziphambili ezibonakalayo, eziqulethe i-bile. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-meconium - intsimbi yangaphambili, ibumnyama obumnyama okanye obumnyama obuhlaza.
Ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwiveki yeshumi elinesibhozo, ukunyakaza komntwana kubonakala kwisosikrini. Mhlawumbi umama ozayo uvakalelwa. Kwaye ukuba akunjalo-ungakhathazeki. Ngokusisiseko, ukunyakaza kokuqala-ukuhamba komntwana kufaka phakathi kweeyure eziyi-16 ukuya kwe-20 zokukhulelwa: kubo bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye enye inkunzi inokusebenza ngakumbi kunomnye. Ngona kumama omnye ekukhulelweni nganye imimiselo yohamba yokuqala iyahluka.
Iinguqu kumfazi okhulelweyo
Xa ukhulelwe umfazi, kunokwenzeka ukuxelela, "kukhanya" ngenxa yomsindo wegazi oye wanda kwaye wathululela elukhumbeni. Ngoku umama ozayo uthanda yena, ngenxa yokuncipha amahomoni kwaye uye waya kwi-toxicosis. Ingqiqo yokuzithemba ingongezwa ngento yokuba sele ikhulile iiveki ezili-16 zokukhulelwa, kwaye le yinye isigaba, emva koko ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu iyancitshiswa kakhulu.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu ezedlulileyo, ubunzima be-uterus babuyi-140 g, ngoku ubu bunzima malunga no-250 g. Umthamo we-amniotic umthamo apho umntwana, ukhulu kwaye ulinganiselwa kuma-250 ml. Ngeli xesha lokukhulelwa, unokuziva ubeletha kumgama we-7.5 cm ngaphantsi kwendoda.
Ngeveki-16, igazi kufuneka linikezelwe ukujonga izinga le-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), i-chorionic gonadotropin (HG), kunye ne-estriol (NE) engaxulwanga.
Kwezinye izifo ezibangela ukukhubazeka (umzekelo, i-Down's syndrome, i-craniocerebral hernia, i-anencephaly, ukwahlukana kwodonga lwangaphandle lwe-peritoneum yomntwana, njl njl.), Ezi zikhombisi egazini labesetyhini abakhulelweyo zingahluka kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo. Ngeziphumo zokuhlalutya kunokwenzeka ukutyhila okanye ukukhuphela ngaphandle kobukho babantwana balezi ziphoso.
Impembelelo ye-sauna kunye nokuhlamba ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Umntwana ufuna ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba othile. Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba ngexesha apho umntwana ekhula, ukushisa komzimba womama ngemizuzu emininzi kwandiswe ngenani elithile leedridi, oko kuya kuphazamisa umntwana. Kungcono ukuba ungayilingi i-sauna, ibhagi. Akusaziwa nokuba i-solarium ithintela ukuphuhliswa kwe-fetus, ngoko ngoxa kufuneka ikhutshwe.
Iiveki ezili-16 zokukhulelwa: izifundo
Unokwenza ubusuku obuthandana nomlingane wakho. Xa umntwana efika kuya kuba nzima ukunika ixesha lokuba yedwa. Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa nayiphi na ithuba lokuhlala yedwa.
Iiveki ezilishumi elinesibhozo zokukhulelwa
Ixesha lokuthoba liiiveki ezili-16 - ngeli xesha umntwana uthathwa njengenokusebenza. Iqondo lokuphila leentsana ezizalwe emva kweveki ezingama-23 zanda ngeveki yokukhulelwa. Kwaye ukuba umntwana wazalwa ngaphambi kolu xesha, ufuna ukunyangwa kwexesha elide.
Ingxaki yokukhupha iimbazi kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo
Ukugaya izifo (gingivitis yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo). Mhlawumbi, usuyazi isizathu. Ama-hormone afanayo "awakhulelweyo" achaphazela iiseli zeembumba ezinamaqhekeza ezithokohlukeneyo zomzimba zivelisa utshintsho kwisigidi somlomo. Kubalulekile ukuba ulungele ukunyuka kwamathambo kunye nobutyebi bezinsini, ukulimala nokulula xa uxubha amazinyo akho nge-brush teeth, ngentambo. Gde-ukuba kwiinyanga ezine zokukhulelwa kuyimfuneko ukutyelela udokotela wamazinyo. Ixesha lexesha, umcebisi womnxeba womlomo okanye udokotela wamazinyo uya kunceda ukukhusela ukutshabalala kweentlobo okanye izifo ezahlukeneyo ezinokubangelwa utshintsho olwenzeka emlonyeni. Ekubeni abafazi abakhulelweyo banomngcipheko wokwanda kwezinyo kunye nokubonakala kwe-gingivitis, ukutyelela kwinyango yamazinyo kunye nokucoceka komlomo ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka kube yinto ebalulekileyo yamanyathelo okwelashwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba udinga ukucoca izinyo, i-x-ray yezinyo okanye i-anesthetic eyenziwe ayiyi kuba nefuthe elibi kumntwana. (Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukrokra kokukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuxelela udokotela wamazinyo, kwaye kunye ne-X-ray yezinyo uya kunikwa i-apron ekhuselekileyo, eya kugubungela isisu). Ukuba, ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo ngaphambi nangemva kwenkqubo, udokotela wamazinyo kufuneka asebenzise i-antibiotics, kufunekakile ukwazisa ugqirha malunga nokukhulelwa-nangona kunjalo ukuba iziza-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa kula maxesha zihlala zikhuselekileyo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Nazi ezinye izicwangciso malunga nendlela iindlela zokwelapha ekhaya eziza kunceda ukuphepha ukuba utshintsho kunye neentlobo ngexesha lokukhulelwa azinzima nakakhulu.
- Kucetyiswa ukuba kudle izithelo kunye nemifuno enotye kwi-vitamin C. Ezinyweni, iimveliso ezinomxholo we-calcium ephezulu zincedo kakhulu.
- Ngamaxesha amaninzi ngemini kufuneka uhlambe umlomo wakho ngeendlela zokuxhatshazwa. Emva kwenkqubo yokuhlanjululwa, cima umbane, kwaye ungayigwinyi.
- Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-toothbrush, ene-bristle ephothileyo engabangela ukuba i-gums isisu.
- Kufuneka uqhube amazinyo rhoqo, emva kwesidlo. Unokuthwala i-paste ye-spray, i-toothbrush.
- Njalo (ubuncinane kanye ngosuku) gubungela amazinyo wakho ngentambo.
- Kufanelekile ukucinga malunga nokusetyenziswa kwebrashi ye-ultrasound, ephumelela ngakumbi kunokuba ilula, isusa kakuhle i-plaque kumazinyo. Ukongezelela, uyayinyamekela iinjongo ezibuhlungu.
- Kungcono ukuyeka i-caramel kunye nezinye iilekese. Iifomathi, amakhiwane kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinamathele zixhomekeke kwiindawo ezikhukhulayo, kufuneka uzame ukwanelisa umnqweno wokutya okunomsoco ongenanto.
Kwizinsini, iigununu ezincinci zingabonakala, ezinokuthintela ukuchukumisa, kwaye ziqala ukuhlamba ngexesha lokucoca izinyo. Ezi ntsholongwane zibizwa ngokuthi "i-pyogenic granuloma" ("ukukhulelwa kwesisu"), akufanele kubangele ukuxhalaba kwaye kudlule emva kokubeletha. Kwimeko xa kukho ukuziva kakubi ngenxa yabo, udokotela wamazinyo angenza inkqubo yokucoca okanye yokususa.