Ukuya kwindoda yinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka emzimbeni wesibhobhaka rhoqo ngenyanga (i-cyclically) - ulwahlulo lwe-uterine mucosa lwanyamalala, olukhokelela ekuphumeni kwebhinqa.
Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lemvelaphi ye-hormonal kwisibeleko somfazi, izimo ezilungileyo zidalwa ukufaka iqanda elichumayo eludongeni lwesisu. Le nkqubo ihlala iiveki ezimbalwa. Kwimeko apho, ekupheleni komjikelo wesetyhini, iqanda elichumayo lifakwe eludongeni, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka. Kwimizimba yabasetyhini, utshintsho lwama-hormone olwenzekayo olujoliswe ekudaleni iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokulondolozwa nokuphuhliswa komntwana.
Ngaba ukuya kwinyanga kunokuqhubeka nokukhulelwa?
Ukuya esikhathini ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, akusona imbangela yokukhishwa kwe-endometrium (i-membrane) kwi-wall uterine. Xa ukhulelwe, kukho ukubunjwa kwemfihlo yendalo ehlukile, kunokuba ihambe. Bahluke ekuhambeni kwabo kunye nobude.
Ngoko ke iziphi izizathu zokuqhubeka kwexesha lokukhulelwa? Izizathu ezinjalo zingabelana ngamacandelo amabini, enye enye ingabonwa njengekhuselekile, kwaye okwesibini, inene, inobungozi kwimpilo yengane kunye nomama ozayo.
Ukuya esikhathini ngexesha lokukhulelwa: izizathu ezikhuselekileyo.
1. Enye yezona zizathu eziqhelekileyo kwiinyanga zokuqala zokukhulelwa kukunxibelelwano oluchanekileyo lweqanda oluchumayo eludongeni lwesisu. Kwinkqubo yokwazisa iqanda kwi-membrane, i-sosudas encinci yonakaliswe, ebangela ukuba igazi elincinci libe negazi. Abasetyhini bahlala besetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa kwexesha. Kwiimeko apho ukukhulelwa kungathandeki, ezi mpahla zegazi zizisa uvuyo. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukucinga ngokungaqhelekanga, kuba xa ukukhulelwa kuninzi kuninzi kwaye kungekude kakhulu (kunye nokukhulelwa kungadlulela iintsuku ezimbalwa), kwaye abayikuvelisa iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu, ukuqala emva kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lokuya esikhathini. Ukuchonga ukukhulelwa ngoku kulula kakhulu ngoncedo lovavanyo lokukhulelwa.
2. Enye imbangela inokuba yintlupheko ye-hormonal ehambelana nombuso omtsha womzimba xa ukhulelwe. Ekubeni inkqubo yokuchumisa kunye nokuqhotyosheliswa kweqanda eludongeni lwesisu kungapheli phantse iiveki ezimbini, ngeli thuba ixesha lokuya esikhathini kunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo liyakwenzeka. Into ehlukile yenyanga leyo yintlungu yabo. Iimeko ezinjalo zithe gqolo kwaye azikwazi ukuba yingozi kumama nakumntwana ozayo.
Ezi zimbini iintlobo "zokuya esikhathini" ezichazwe ngasentla zenzeka kwiinqanaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Akulona yingozi yaye ngokuqhelekileyo anganikeli umfazi into ephazamisayo.
Ukuya esikhathini, ebonisa ingozi kwimpilo yomama nomntwana.
1. Ukukhulelwa kwimbutho yowesifazane umongo we-hormonal ungaphukileyo. Emva kokuvuthwa komzimba wesifazane kuqala ukuhlakulela ihomoni, njengeprogesterone (i-hormone yokukhulelwa). Le hormone iqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kokukhulelwa kwaye ilungiselela udonga olusisigxina lwentsholongwane ukungenelela kuyo iqanda elichumayo. Kwiimeko apho ukukhulelwa kungenzeki, izinga le hormone linciphile kakhulu. Kwaye ngokuqala kokukhulelwa, umgangatho weprogesterone kufuneka ukwandise ngokuphawulekayo ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kwodonga lwebele kunye neqanda. Ngokuqala nokuphuhlisa ukukhula, kukho imeko apho i-hormone iqala ukuwa, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhishwa kweqanda elichumayo livela, ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi. Ukuze ugweme ukuphuphuma kwesisu, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo.
2. Ukuya esikhathini ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokufumaneka nangenxa yokuncedisa okungafanelekanga kwepentecenta kwisigaba sokuqala sokukhulelwa. Ukuqhotyoshelweyo okungenakulungelelaniso (intetho) ye-placenta yintlupheko enkulu, ngenxa yokuba umntwana akakwazi ukubonakala ekukhanyeni kwakhe. Kule meko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lixesha lini, icandelo le-califora liyadingeka ngokukhawuleza. Nanku umbuzo uvela ngokusindisa ubomi bomama ozayo.
Njengomthetho, inobungozi kumntwana kunye nomama ophuma kumzi unokuthi kwenzeke nangaliphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa kwaye ungabi buhlungu. Ukuphuma kwintsholongwane enjalo kuhlala kuninzi kwaye kunobungozi.
Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, xa kukhutshwa okungavamile okungavamile okukhumbuza ukuhamba, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nodokotela okanye ubize i-ambulensi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Musa ukubeka umngcipheko kwimpilo yakho kunye nempilo yomntwana, kuphela uchwepheshe oza kukwazi ukuchonga nokuphelisa imbangela yokuphuma kwegazi.