Intlungu eyenzeka kwicala lasekhohlo phantsi kwembambo ingabangelwa zizizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nezifo / ukulimala kwamalungu omzimba kunye nesisu. Umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuxilongwa kukuba ukuzimisela ngokuchanekileyo kwendawo yesifo, e-80% yamatyala avumela umntu ukuba acinge ukuba khona kwezilwanyana kwiziko elithile. Isiqingatha sekhohlo sesisu sisenza amacandelo amathathu: i-aliac, i-sub-ribbed kunye ne-lateral. Intlungu ebonakalayo kule mimandla kwiyeza zonyango ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba "intlungu phantsi kombhobho osekhohlo."
Yintoni ephantsi kombhobho okhohlo womntu?
I-hypochondrium ekhohlo yindawo ebekwe kwicala lasekhohlo leziko lesisu esiswini phantsi kwezimbambo ezimbini eziphantsi. Nazi izibilini ezincinci, i-pleen, inxalenye yesisu, i-pancreas, intumbu enkulu, isithsaba, iinjongo kunye ne-ureter. Ubuhlungu bunobuthakathaka bokubangela umzimba kunye neendlela ezibangelwa ukuba igazi liphumelele kwinxalenye ethile yomzimba. Iyokuqala yintlupheko ye-trophic (iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa komsebenzi / isakhiwo se-cellulose), okwesibini ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ngenxa yokuvuvukala, okukhokelela ekuphunyezweni kweentsimbi zentliziyo, umonakalo wesithathu kwiimbilini / izicubu ngenxa yezenzo zangaphandle, okwesine - utshintsho kwiimbumba ezinamaqabunga ngenxa yempembelelo ye-pathogenic ezincinci.
Ubuhlungu ngaphantsi kwembambo -
- buhlungu buhlungu. Intlungu ephawulezayo yecala kwicala lasekhohlo ngaphantsi kwembambo yeso sihlandlo sofowuni oluphuthumayo lwe-ambulensi. Ibonisa ukugqithwa (ukuphuka) kweengcambu zesisu esincinci, udonga lwesisu, i-pelal pelvic okanye ipenethi. Ukuba iimvakalelo zokulwa zivela ngokububula, oku kubonakalisa umonakalo obungozi kwizitho zangaphakathi ezisongela ubomi;
- buhlungu. Ukungaphumeleli, iintlungu ezilinganisiweyo ngaphantsi kwembonakaliso kubonisa inkqubo evuzayo yokuvuvukala. Ukuhlanza okunxulumeneyo uphawu olucacileyo lwesilonda sesisu. Ukubandezeleka kwicala kwi-40% yamatyala kubonakalisa isifo senhliziyo yesifo kunye ne-angina pectoris;
- buhlungu. Iintlungu ezinobunzima kunye nokugxininisa kwi-hypochondrium ezisekhohlo zibonisa izifo ezingapheliyo kwimizila yesisu: i-cholecystitis, i-gastritis, i-pancreatitis.
Yintoni enokulimaza phantsi kombhobho osekhohlo?
Ubunzima phantsi kwembambo luphawu olungeyona nto, ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela yonke imbonakalo yayo engqalileyo kunye neklinikhi yesifo: ukuphuhliswa, ubunjani, ubunzima, ixesha, imiqathango yokuphucula / ukunciphisa, ukubaluleka.
Ubuhlungu phantsi kwembambo ekhohlo - izifo zesisu:
- gastritis. Impembelelo e-irritant kwi-mucosa yesisu iholele ekukhathazeni kwayo kunye nokuvuvukala, okubangela intlungu ebuhlungu kwicala lasekhohlo ngaphantsi kombhobho osephambili, ehamba kunye nokutshaya nokuhlanza. Izimpawu zesifo se-gastritis: ukubetha, ukutshisa i-veggastria, ukunambitheka komlomo, ubunzima kwisigodi se-epigastric, isifo sohudo / ukumbombola, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukukhupha, ukukhubeka, ukunciphisa ububele emacaleni (phezulu / ngaphantsi);
- isisu sesisu. Ukubonakaliswa kwesilonda se-peptic kuxhomekeke kubude bekhosi kunye nobunzima. Ngesilonda sesisu, ngokuchasene nesilonda se-duodenal, intlungu phantsi kombhobho ibonakala emva kokutya, kungekhona kwisisu esingenalutho. Idibene kunye nokuhlanza emva kokutya, ukulahleka kwesisindo, isenzo "esicacile", ukutshaya;
- neoplasms. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwenkqubo yobunzima buyintlungu engapheliyo kwi-hypochondrium engasekhohlo, engahambelani nezidlo. Kwimigangatho yokuqala, umdlavuza wesisu undibonisa iimpawu ezinobunzima kwaye zibonakalisa "njengemiqondiso emincinci" - i-dyspepsia (ukuvavanya, ukukhwabanisa, ukuguquka kwenhliziyo), ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso yenyama, ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukulahleka kwesidlo, ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela elingaphelweni kunye nokuhlanza "indawo yekhofi" iyahlanganiswa;
- ukuguqulwa kwesilonda esiswini. Kuyabonakala ngokubunjwa kwengxowa eludongeni lwesisu, okubangela ukuba ubuhlungu bube buhlungu "phantsi kwembambo, ubuthakathaka obunamandla, ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo.
- gastritis. Impembelelo e-irritant kwi-mucosa yesisu iholele ekukhathazeni kwayo kunye nokuvuvukala, okubangela intlungu ebuhlungu kwicala lasekhohlo ngaphantsi kombhobho osephambili, ehamba kunye nokutshaya nokuhlanza. Izimpawu zesifo se-gastritis: ukubetha, ukutshisa i-veggastria, ukunambitheka komlomo, ubunzima kwisigodi se-epigastric, isifo sohudo / ukumbombola, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukukhupha, ukukhubeka, ukunciphisa ububele emacaleni (phezulu / ngaphantsi);
Ubunzima ngaphantsi kombhobho wesobunxele:
- Ukwandiswa kwenteni (splenomegaly). Ubuhlungu kwicala luvela kwenyuka kwipeni kunye nokugqithiswa kwe-capsule yayo-le mpawu ihlala isisigxina kwi-mononucleosis. Ukongezelela kwintlungu ephantsi kwembambo, isifo sibonakaliswe bubuthathaka obuninzi, ukusalahlwa kweqondo lokushisa, intloko yesisu, utywala, ukuxuma okugqithiseleyo, intlungu kunye kunye neentlungu, ukuxhamla kwe-lymph node, ukukhulisa kwesibindi, ukunyanga kwesifo se-herpesvirus kwindawo ephantsi / ephezulu yomlomo;
- ukuphuka kweseyile. Isizathu esibalulekileyo semoko sisiphumo somzimba kwipeni, ekhokelela entlungu ebukhali kwicala kunye ne-cyanosis yesikhumba ejikeleze intonga, ephuma ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwegazi kweli candelo;
Ubunzima ngaphantsi kwembambo ekhohlo - iingxaki ngesithintelo
Ukuba ibuhlungu ngaphantsi kombhobho, imbangela inokudibaniswa nokubunjwa kwe-hernia ye-diaphragmatic. Ingqungquthela, ekhonza njengecingo phakathi kweentsimbi zesisu kunye nesisu, inomngcipheko wesigxina. Xa iiparitha zokulawula izicubu ze-muscle zivuleka, zanda, ezenza kube lula ukuphuma kwegastric ngaphezu kwe-peritoneum ukungena kwisigxina se-thoracic. I-hernia ye-diaphragm ithi ibonakalisa intlungu eqhubekayo ecaleni lasekhohlo, ukutshabalalisa, isisongela. Xa isisu sisongelekile, kukho isifo esibukhali kunye nobuhlungu obubuhlungu ngaphantsi kombhobho osekhohlo.
Iintsholongwane zentliziyo:
- isicic heart disease. Isiseko kukungaphumeleli kwegazi kwi-heart muscle ngenxa yesifo se-artery. I-Iskemia ihambelana nesisonguluko, isantya senhliziyo esandayo, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ubunzima esifuba, intlungu ebuhlungu phantsi kwembambo;
- i-cardiomyopathy. Iqela lezifo zesifo senhliziyo, phantsi kwayo isakhiwo sitshintsha kwaye umsebenzi wayo uphazamiseka. I-Pathology ayinxulumene nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, iifowuni zevenge, iinqanawa. Ukunyamezela phantsi kwembambo kudla rhoqo kubonakala kwimvelaphi yomsebenzi. Idibaniswe nokukhathala okukhawuleza, ubuthathaka, ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo.
Izifo zeRheumatic of the spine:
- umonakalo kwizicubu ezinxibelelwano zamajoyina kwi-muscular dystrophy, ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwezihlunu zecindezelo esiswini;
- costochondritis. Ukuvuvukala kweempawu ezixhuma i-sternum kunye nezimbambo, kubangela ukuba ubuhlungu obubuhlungu okanye obubukhali kwicala ngaphantsi kombhobho, owenzeka ngexesha lokuphefumla. Kubalulekile: i-chondrites yombhobho inokudideka kalula kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo ngenxa yempawu ezifanayo. Ukwahlukana kukuba intlungu esuka kwi-chondritis iyanda nge-palpation, ukususela kwintliziyo yesifo - ayinyuli;
- iphosa. I-Hernia / i-deformation ye-disc intervertebral, i-arthritis, i-osteoporosis, i-spondylitis ingabangela i-nerv / nervular entrapment kwintlambo ye-thoracic, ibonakaliswe ngokutshisa, intlungu ecaleni, ukubetha okanye ukuphazamiseka;
- ukuphuka kwembambo / izibambo kwicala lasekhohlo. Ubuhlungu buya kuba namandla ngokunyakaza komzimba ophezulu kunye nokuphefumula, "amaqabunga" emva kokuthabatha amayeza;
- sarcoma kwimbambo. Intsholongwane enzulu yezilwanyana ze-Ewing sarcoma yintsapho iyilwa elibi elivelisa amathambo kunye nezicubu ezijikelezayo. Olu hlobo lwesisu luyaziwa ngekliniki enobudlova, ukusabalalisa ngokukhawuleza kwe-metastases, ipesenteji ephezulu yokubuyela kwakhona. Ingozi yesi sifo iqhutyiswa kakhulu kukuba iimbambo zikufuphi ezinomzimba ezibalulekileyo - isiqu seCentral Nervous System, imiphunga kunye nentliziyo.
Ukulimala
Ubuhlungu obukhulu kwicala ngaphantsi kombhobho kungabangela izizathu ezizenzekelayo. Ukulimala kwe-cartilaginous, bony, izicubu ezinotsholongwane zenzeka ngexesha leempembelelo zangaphandle (iimpembelelo, ukuwa). Ukulimala kunokuba kube nobunzima obuhlukahlukeneyo - ukusuka kwimivimbo emancinci kuya kwiintambo / ukutyunjwa kwiimbambo, ezinokubangela ukuphuka kwezitho zangaphakathi.
Neuralgia
I-Intercostal neuralgia iyenzeka xa i-receptionors ye-intercostal ifanelwe / icatshulwa. Intlungu ibonakaliswe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonakaliswa: i-paroxysmal, intsontsho, ihlaba, iyatshisa. Ukuhambelana nokunyuka ukujuluka, ukubuyiswa kwesikhumba, ukuxuba umxube, ukuqiniswa ngokumalunga nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, ukurhoxisa kwiindawo eziqingqiweyo kunye ne-scapula.
Izifo zesicelo:
- i-pleurisy (ngasesinceleni). Inkqubo yokuvuvukala, ekwaziseni kwimbumba yeplumm, kunye nokufakwa kwe-fibrin (iiprotheyini eziphezulu ze-molecular weight) kwimo engomileyo, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwamanzi emzimbeni wesigxina - kwifomu exudative. Iintlungu zentlungu phantsi kombhobho zidibaniswa nokukhwehlela, ukuphefumla, kuhamba ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Iimpawu zesigxina: ubunzima kwisiqingatha sokhohlo se-sternum, ukukhwehlela owomileyo, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukuvuvukala kwemivilini yomlomo wesibeleko, ukugquma kwamalungu / ubuso, ukujuluka, ukukhulelwa, ukuphefumula okungapheliyo;
- i-pneumonia (ngasecaleni). Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kwi-lobe ephantsi yomphunga wesobunxele kubangela ukubonakala kwincithakalo (60-65% yamatyala) okanye "ukubetheka" (35-40%) intlungu kwi-hypochondrium. I-pneumonia "iqala" ngomkhuhlane owomileyo, i-malaise jikelele, ukuphefumula emqaleni, ubuthathaka. Iikliniki ekwandisiweyo yesi sifo kubandakanya umkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela nge-sputum eninzi.
Izifo ze-pancreas:
- pancreatitis. Ubonakaliso obuqhelekileyo be-pancreatitis enobuhlungu bubuhlungu obukhulu kwicala lasekhohlo phambi kwendawo ye-epigastric. Nge-pancreatitis, zihlala zibonisa kwaye zicaca ngokucacileyo iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu, ezihamba kunye nokuhlanza "umthombo" kunye nokuxutywa kwe-bile engenayo ukukhupha. Ukwanda kunye nomonakalo entloko yelungu kubangela i-jaundice engumatshini, kunye kunye nokucaciswa kwesigxina, umbala omnyama we-urine, ukuphuza okwephuzi. Inkqubo engapheliyo ibonakaliswe yimfesane ephazamisayo phantsi kwembambo, ukushisa okungaqhelekanga, isisongela, inzondo emlonyeni;
- umhlaza we-pancreatic. Ayiniki nayiphi na enye impawu, ngaphandle kweentlungu ezinzulu kunye nexesha elide ngaphantsi kombhobho kunye naphakathi kwesisu, ngoko ke i-neoplasm eyingozi isoloko ifunyenwe kuphela kwizigaba zokugqibela.
Ibuhlungu phantsi kwembambo phantsi
Ubuhlungu kwicala elingezansi luphawu olusisigxina kunye nolokuqala lwezithintelo zamathumbu. Ukuvakalelwa kabuhlungu kuvela ngokukhawuleza, "kwindawo elinganayo" - ayilungelelaniswa nawaphi na amacandeleli kwaye abaxhomekeke ekutheni ukutya. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cramping kuqhubeka rhoqo kwemizuzu engama-15-20, ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kubangela ukupheliswa kwentlungu enzima, uphawu olungumzekelo oluswelekileyo, kuba lubonisa ukuyeka komsebenzi we-intistine.
Kubuhlungu phantsi kwembambo emva
Imizwa yeentlungu ezivela emva kwembambo, zibonisa ukuba khona kweentsholongwane zeentso ezikhohlo:
- urolithiasis. Kubonakaliswe ukubunjwa kweengcamango kwiimpawu ze-urinary system. Esi sifo sinezibilini, kunye nobuhlungu obuhlungu obukrakra ngecala, ukubuyisela, okuphindaphindiwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, uhambo olude, uhambo olude. Ukuvinjelwa kwesigxininiso ngamatye okufudukayo kubonakalisa ubuhlungu be-spasmodic kwingingqi ye-lumbar, ukuhlanza, igazi kumchamo, kunye neefowuni ze-nausea. Isifo sobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu kwicala phambi nangasemva sibonisa inkqubela ye-calculus kunye ne-ureter;
- pyelonephritis. Ukuvuvukala kweentso, ukuphuhliswa ngokusuka kwimvelaphi yokusuleleka kubaktheriya. Iimvakalelo zentlungu zincinci, zinokuqinela okanye zinyanzelise, zihamba kunye nokunyuka kokuxiliswa, ukunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa ukuya kuma-40 degrees, ukuhlanza, isisongela. I-pyelonephritis esecaleni lesobunxele iphazamiseka ngentlungu ebuhlungu, ukuvuthwa okubuhlungu, ukubola kunye nobuthakathaka obunzima.
Ubuhlungu kwi-hypochondrium engasekhohlo bungabonakala ngasemva kunye ne-infyoction ye-myocardial, apho i-syndrome "yokudabuka" yesifo ebonakalayo, ifakwe emlonyeni wesandla sasekhohlo, entanyeni, phantsi kwe-scapula, kwicala lasekhohlo. Ezinye iimpawu zihlanganise, isiyezi, ukuphelelwa umoya, isicaphucaphu.
Ubunzima ngaphantsi kombhobho, ungahlanganiswa nezifo
Efakwe kwi icala angavela ezithile phakathi umthambo kakhulu - oko kwenzeka xa kukho kwinqanaba zaneleyo yokulungela umzimba ukuba ungenwe lula imithwalo ngokugqithisileyo, oko kwandisa ngokukhawuleza umgangatho kwegazi: impahla, kuquka Vena cava ekunene, ukwandisa ububanzi, eyethisa ukuhlatywa ekunene ibone kwi ikota yesangqa ephezulu ekhohlo. Ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelo olubuhlungu luvela ekuthambekeleni okutyebileyo kwetr / ukunyakaza - kubangelwa udibaniso lomphezulu wembambo osekhohlo kunye namalungu angaphakathi.
Ukuxilongwa nokunyangwa
Intlungu phantsi ubambo ekhohlo - iliphawu esiyingozi, ngoko nayiphi umlinganiselo self azivumelekanga kuba kunokubangela iingxaki ze zimbi umfanekiso kwezonyango sifo. I-Levopodbedrennaya lokalizatsiya isifo sobuhlungu sidinga ukubonisana ngokufanelekileyo kunye neengcali ezikhethekileyo-isifo somzimba, isifo se-traumatologist, isifo se-infectious disease, igastroenterologist, ugqirha. izigulane ezininzi kunye neentlungu phantsi ubambo xa zifuna unyango, ngokufuthi kunye esibhedlele elandelayo. Ukuba iintetho zentlungu zithiwa, musa ukuphazamisa kwisithuba se-25-30 imizuzu - esi sizathu sokuba unyango olusesikweni esibhedlele.