Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukuba i-thermometer ibonisa iidridi ezimbini ngaphezu kwesiqhelo xa ulinganisa ubushushu, ngoko umntwana uyagula, kwaye kuyacaca ukuba kufuneka iphathwe. Kwaye kufuneka uyenze ntoni ukuba i-thermometer ayifinyelele kwinto eqhelekileyo xa ulinganisa ukushisa, kwaye ngokuyinxalenye, endaweni ye-36.6, ibonisa 36.0? Iyintoni isizathu salolu bushushu? Emva koko, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa lo mntwana uhamba kwaye uyasebenza. Oko kuyimfuneko ukuyenza-shiya yonke into njengoko ubiza okanye ugqirha ugqirha?
Umntwana unomkhuhlane
Eli bushushu libizwa ngokuba yi-hypothermia, lwenzeka kwiintsana zokuqala emva kokubeletha. Ukuphuma kwisisu somama, bayakufumana kunzima ukulungelelanisa ukuwa kweqondo lokushisa, basenomsebenzi wokutshintshisa ubushushu emzimbeni wabo. Ukuba umntwana unesifo sengqondo, ngoko ukucima imeko yakhe, kufuneka uhlale uyifaka kwiingalo zakho uze uyibeke esifubeni sakho. Umbala womama kunye nokufudumala kuya kunceda umntwana ukuba alungele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana wazalwa enesisindo esincinci kakhulu kwaye esesemncinci, kufakwa kwigumbi elikhethekileyo, apho kubalulekile ukugcina ubushushu obufunekayo kumntwana.
Kungekhona nje iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha ezinesifo esiphantsi. Iimbangela zokushisa aphantsi ziyakwazi ukuphulwa kwee-adrenal glands, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-immune system, isifo se-thyroid, umhlaza. Izifo zokugqibela kufuneka zatshwenyeke, kungekhona zonke, kunjalo, kodwa izilonda ezinobunzima zingakhula zibe ziimvumi ezimbi. Kukho esinye isizathu sokushisa okuphantsi-banal hypothermia. Ukongezelela, kusekho izizathu ezingokwengqondo kunye nezomzimba zobushushu bomzimba obuphantsi kwintsana. Ezi zibandakanya ukudandatheka, ukunganakwa, ukukhathazeka. Kwenzeka ukuba ubushushu obuphantsi buhamba kunye nentloko.
Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana usenokushisa okuphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu. Ibonakaliswa kwincinci yomntwana ngokungabi nandaba nokutya, ukunganakwa nokunyaniseka. Kutheni le nto yenzekayo kwaye yintoni efunekayo kwimeko? Ubushushu obuphantsi kubantwana banokuhlala malunga neveki, emva kokubanda. Njengabantwana besiphawula, ukuphendula okunjalo kubangelwa yi-anaferon, ephethe abantwana abancinci. Ukulungiselelwa kwamaprotheni kunceda umzimba ukulwa nesifo kwaye imiselwe abantwana ekuqaleni kwezi zifo. Ukuba umntwana unothutho lokushisa emva kwesi sifo, kufuneka umncede ukuba ahlehlise eli xesha. Khetha iimpahla ezifudumalayo, ungagqoki lula umntwana. Qinisekisa ukuba iinyawo zakho zifudumala, kodwa musa ukuzifaka ezifudumele. Ekudleni komntwana kufaka iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, bayomeleza ukukhusela umzimba.
Kumntwana onokushisa okunciphisa umzimba angathathi entlokweni ukuba enze okanye ahlaziye, kuya kuba yingozi kakhulu. Ukufudumala umntwana wakho ngokufudumala kwakho. Nangona iqondo lokushisa alibuyelanga kwizinto eziqhelekileyo, faka umntwana ukuba alale naye. Yazisa udokotela wezingane malunga nemeko yomntwana. Ugqirha kufuneka anike imithi kunye neemvavanyo.
Ukuba, ngokungabikho isizathu esicacileyo, ukushisa komntwana kuye kwehla phantsi kwesiqhelo, oku kungabonisa ukukhuseleka komzimba. Emva koko kufuneka ufumane iingcebiso kwi-immunologist kunye nezingane. Ugqirha uya kumisela ukuba kunzima, iziyobisi, ikhosi yamavithamini, eya kunceda ukwandisa umkhuhlane wengane.
Ukufumana isigxina esicacisiweyo, kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ugqirha uya kunika uvavanyo kwiimvavanyo kwaye enze isigqibo sakhe. Ukuba isizathu sokuthi ukhuseleko lulo buthathaka, ugqirha uya kunika iivithamini, ukucebisa kwakhona indlela yokuphila nokutya. Ukuba isizathu sibi kakhulu, umntwana uya kufuneka ahlolwe. Musa ukuyeka kulo, kuba iyakwazi ukubona izifo eziqhubela phambili ngaphandle kwonyango.
Bonke oogqirha bezilwanyana kwihlabathi bacebisa abantwana ukuba bathabathe ubushushu obuphantsi, ngenxa yokuba ukukhuseleka kwe-immunity kuyona nto ibangela ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa. Kubalulekile ukubhalela umntwana kwi-echibini, ukuchitha imihla ngemihla kwaye uyisula umzimba wonke. Umntwana udinga imidlalo, ejongene kunye nomntwana, umzekelo wabazali uya kuchaphazela umntwana ngaphezu kwee-oda kunye nezicelo.