Ukuba ukukhula ngokweqile kumntwana kuhambelana nokukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ukuphuhliswa kwezesondo ezingapheliyo, izifo eziqhelekileyo, ngoko abazali kufuneka bafune uncedo olufanelekileyo. Ukungabikho kwezi zimpawu, kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwabantwana.
Ukukhawuleza komgaqo-siseko wokukhula kwabantwana
Namhlanje, abantwana bahlala benokukhawuleza komgaqo-siseko wokukhula, ngaphandle kwabafundi abaphakamileyo bemfuyo. Kubantwana abanjalo ixesha lokusasaza liza kusasa, ukukhula kunye nokukhula kwamathambo kukhawuleza. Abantu abaphezulu abasemgangathweni baxhomekeke ngokulinganayo, abahluphekanga ngenxa yokunyuswa kwengcinezelo.
Ukukhula okukhawulezileyo kunokukhokelela ekubeni bunzima obuninzi kwiminyaka engaphambili, kodwa le yinto yesikhashana. Kule meko, abantwana bayakhula, kodwa abayizikhulu.
IGigantism yabantwana
Ukuba umntwana une-hormone yokukhula eneendawo ezivulekileyo, i-gigantism iyaqhubeka, kwaye abantu abadala bahlakulela i-acromegaly, nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-gigantism, iimpawu ze-acromegaly ziyakwenzeka, emva kokuba ukuvalwa kwe-epiphyses kuthatha uhlobo olubi kakhulu.
Ukuvelisa ngokweqile ukuvama kwe-hormone ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela ukukhula okukhawuleza komntwana, ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo ezikhuthaza umsebenzi we-hypothalamic-pituitary (ukudluliselwa kwe-encephalitis, i-hydrocephalus). I-Gigantism kule nkalo ikhula kungakhathaliseki ubudala, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhawuleza kokukhula kubonwa kubantwana abasesikolweni okanye esikolweni. Abantwana abanjalo banokuphelelwa kancinci, ukuxhatshazwa kwabo kwiintsholongwane kuncitshiswa, i-musculature ingaphuhliswa kakuhle, ngokuhlolisisa ukuba unokubona iimpawu ze-acromegaloid, kunye nokungahambisani nalowo mfanekiso kubonakala.
I-gigantism engavamile. Isizathu sokuphuhlisa i-pituitary gigantism ngokuqhelekileyo i-adosoma ye-eosinophilic, ngokuthe rhoqo nge-tumor ye-hypothalamus.
Kwezinye iimeko, i-acromegaly kunye ne-gigantism ziqala njengeengxaki ze-hypothalamic ezikhokelela kwi-hyperplasia kunye ne-hypertrophy, ezinokubangela ukukhula kwe-tumor ye-cell somatotropic. Kwimizekelo yamatyala ngexesha lokubhaliweyo kuyacaca ukuba umntwana uye wakhawuleza ukukhula, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha uyabonakala xa uneminyaka emihlanu. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhula kunokufikelela kuma-250 okanye ngaphezulu kwamentimitha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kokufikelela kufikeleleke ngabantwana abaphuculwe ngokwesini, kodwa ababa ngamaqhawe, ngenxa yokuvalwa kwangoko kwimihlaba yokukhula (emva kokuvalwa, ukukhula kuyeke).
Izigulane ezide ezingenakubonwa ngo-hypogonadism, thyrotoxicosis, kunye nezigulane nge-arachnodactyly (i-Marfan syndrome) zibonakaliswa yimpawu zonyango zezi zifo, kwizigulane ezifana ne-normal hormone yokukhula evamile.
Isizathu sophuhliso lwe-Clinfelter's syndrome yi-chromosomal aberration kunye nobukho be X chromosome. Kwiimfono ezide zineemilenze emininzi kunye nezandla ekubuntwaneni, umzimba obuthathaka, kwaye kamva ukhula ukukhuluphala. Isifo sikaClainfelter sinesici esahlukileyo - i-hypoplasia ye-penis kunye neeplestile. Iziganeko zesini zesondo azixhasi, ngezinye iimeko i-gynecomastia iyabonwa, izinwele zithunyelwa ngomfanekiso wesifazana.
Kwizigulane ezinjalo, kukho i-lag ekuphuhliseni kwengqondo, oku kuchazwa ngenye i-X ye-chromosome.
I-Sotos syndrome (i-cerebral gigantism), ngokungafani ne-pituitary gigantism, ihamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ihamba kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo, kodwa kwi-serum inqanaba le-somatotropin lihlala liqhelekileyo, kwaye idatha ibonisa ukuba imbangela yokugula isifo sengqondo.
Kuphela iminyaka engama-4-5 umntwana ukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umntwana kwakhona ukhula ngokuqhelekileyo. Ixesha lokushicilela liqala kancinci ngaphambili okanye ngokwemigaqo eqhelekileyo. Kwizigulane ezinjalo, kukho iinyawo ezinkulu kunye neentsimbi ezinobuncwane obunqamle. Kukho ukugula kwengqondo ekuphuhlisweni. Inhloko yesimo se-dolichocephalic sikhulu, umhlathi osezantsi uhamba phambili, uhambo luhamba kakuhle, amehlo avuke kakhulu, isigulane sinqabile, ukulungelelaniswa kwemfudu kuphazamiseka.