Zonke izixhobo ze-intranethi zifakwe kwisigxina se-uterine, kodwa kukho ukungafani phakathi kwabo. Kuza kubekho, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-contraceptive zangaphakathi. Ezinye zazo zivelisa inani elincane leprogesterone. Oku kubangela ukwanda kwe-viscosity ye-mucus yomlomo wesibeleko (okwenza kunzima ukungena kwi-spermatozoon kwisigxina se-uterine), kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-endometrium ekhusela ukufakwa kweqanda elikhulelweyo. Ukongezelela, xa kusetyenziswa kuma-85% wabasetyhini, i-ovulation igxothwe. Ezinye izithintelo zokukhulelwa kwe-intrauterine zinezobhedu kwaye ziphazamise ukukhulelwa kunye nokufakelwa kwe-oocyte. Inkqubo yokukhulelwa, inkqubo ye-hormone ye-hormone-isihloko sesicatshulwa.
Inzuzo
Iinjongo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-intrauterine zixhobo ziquka:
• ubude kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezenzo;
• ukungabikho kabuhlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo;
• ukubuyiswa kwesiphumo - ukukwazi ukukhulelwa kuvuselelwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokususwa kwemoya.
Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufaka isixhobo se-intrauterine, ugqirha uhlola isigulane. Kwixesha elizayo, ukuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo kwenziwa rhoqo kanye ngonyaka. Kwabesetyhini abanesisindo esinzima, ukukhulelwa kwe-intrauterine kungabangela inzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokunyuka kokuhamba kwindoda, kwaye kwamanye amabhinqa ukuphela kokuphela kwesimo. IUD ingasetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa ngokukhawuleza (xa isetyenziswe kwisithuba seentsuku ezintlanu emva kwesondo okanye umhla wokulindela).
Iingxaki
Emva kokusungulwa kwe-IUD, ukuxinwa kweentlungu kwisisu esisisiswini (ukukhumbuza ukuhamba kwindoda) okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi kunokuphazamisa. Imiphumo emibi yokusebenzisa i-intrauterine contraception (ngokuqhelekileyo yesikhashana) ingaba:
• ukukhulelwa okungaqhelekiyo kwegazi (kufika kwiinyanga ezi-3);
• i-skin rashes (i-acne);
• intloko;
• ukuncipha kwemizwa;
• i-engorgement yeengqungquthela zamathambo. Isiphumo esingathandekiyo sokubaluleka kokusetyenziswa kwe-IUDs sichitha, ixesha elide lenyanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincinci zesizukulwana esitsha kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvela kwazo. Iingxaki ezinzulu kakhulu, ezinqabileyo kakhulu, zibandakanya:
• ukulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwesilwanyana esivela kwisibeletho;
• ukusuleleka ngokufakela i-IUD okanye ngenxa yokugqithiswa kwesisu.
Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwisimo semvelaphi yokusetyenziswa kwe-IUD (eyenzeka kakhulu kunqabile), ukususwa kongxamiseko kwindlela yokukhusela kuboniswa ukuphepha iingxaki okanye ukukhupha isisu. Ukufakwa kwe-IUD kwenziwa ngethuba okanye emva kwangoko ekupheleni kokuya esikhathini. Isiphumo sokukhulelwa kweetayibrari ezine-intrauterine zivela emva kwangoko kufakwa. Ii-IUDs ezine-progesterone nazo ziqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuba zenziwe kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zokuqala zomjikelezo. Izithintelo zokukhusela i-intrauterine zingathathwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokukhipha isisu okanye ukukhupha izonyango okanye kwiiveki ezi-6-8 emva kokunikezelwa. Ukususwa kweyiphi na ifowuni ye-intruterine eyenziwa ngexesha lokuya esikhathini. Ugqirha uyasusa i-IUD ngokukhupha kwiintambo zeplastiki ezijikelezayo ezisuka kwinqanawa yomlomo wesibeleko.
Ukungqinelana
Kwinkoliso yabasetyhini, ukusetyenziswa kwe-IUD akuhambelani naziphi na iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho kwimbali yeziganeko zokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, ukuphuma kwamanzi ngesisu kunye ne-cervix, isifo senhliziyo, isenzo sokuvuvukala esibindi, isifo se-myocardial, i-stroke okanye ubhedu obunokubakho ukungabikho komzimba kungangqinisiswa ukusetyenziswa le ndlela yokukhulelwa. Izindlela zokukhawulela zikhusela ekukhulelweni okungafunekiyo, ukuthintela ukunxibelelana kwe-spermatozoa kunye neqanda. Abalingani banokuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa kokukhulelwa, ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kakhulu kokubili.
Ikondom
Ukusetyenziswa kwekhondom kulungile kubantu abaninzi. Xa ukhetha umkhiqizo, kufuneka uqaphele uphawu lokumgangatho, usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi luboniswe kwiphakheji, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho monakalo enokuthi ivele ngenxa yokubakho ukushisa okuphezulu, ukukhanya, umswakama okanye ukudibanisa nezinto ezibukhali. Kufuneka ukuba ulandele ngqo ngokulandelelana imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwekhondom, okuqhelekileyo kwiphakheji, yisebenzise kanye kwaye ungavumeli ukuba uqhagamshelane nezitho zangasese ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Gqoka ikhondom ngokucophelela, uyijikeleze kunye ne-penis kwisimo sokwakhiwa. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba u-ejaculation, ngaphambi kokumiswa, i-penis isuswe kwisisu, ibambe ikhondom ukuze igweme ukutyhala isidoda.
Ikhondom za bafazi
Ikhondom ayisoloko ikulungele abantu abanobunzima bokumiswa. Iikhondom yabesifazane ifakwa njengento enzulu kunokwenzeka kwi-vagina ngoncedo lwendandatho eguquguqukayo ngaphakathi. Ngexesha lokulala ngesondo, le ndoda ingasuswa. Isondlo sesibini esingenakususwa kwiphepha elivulekileyo lekhondom lihlala ngaphandle. Xa ukukhipha ikhondom iphihliwe ukuze imbewu ihlale ngaphakathi. Iikhondomu yabasetyhini ayinakukhathazeka kubafazi abasweleko xa bechaphazela izifo zobulili.
Iifomfle kunye neefowuni zomlomo wesibeleko
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengqamlezo zesisu kunye neengxowa zomlomo wesibeleko. Ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukeneyo kwaye zenziwe ngokuyinhloko yerabha, nangona imifanekiso entsha ye-silicone yakutshanje. Inqwelwe yomlomo isetyenziswe kwisibeleko, ngelixa i-diaphragm ayihlanganisi kuphela umlomo wesibeleko, kodwa kunye nodonga lwangaphambili lwesini. Ugqirha uya kunceda ukhethe ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bekhenkce okanye isithsaba kwaye uya kunika ingcaciso yokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ukulungiswa kobukhulu kuyimfuneko yonke inyanga 6-12. Ingqungquthela okanye i-cap kufuneka ihlale kwisisini emva kweeyure ezingama-6 emva kokulala. Bahlanjululwa ngokulula ngamanzi afudumele kunye nesisombululo soxolo. Ezi ndlela zifanelekile kubasetyhini abaninzi, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunokubhathathaka ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha yomzimba, ukungaqhelekanga kwesakhiwo okanye isikhundla somlomo wesibeleko, kunye nakwiimeko apho isigulane sibhekene nezifo ezithintekayo zokungena emanzini okanye amava angathandekiyo xa uthinta izifo zofuzo.