Ziziphi iingcali ezicebisa?
Masiqale kwasekuqaleni, oko kukuthi, ukususela ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho: impumelelo yesiganeko iya kuxhomekeka ngokukhethekileyo kwikhaya lokubeleka. Ngokufanelekileyo, kuya kuba kuhle ukufumana iklinikhi esebenza phantsi kweprogram ekhethekileyo "Isibhedlele Sobungane Bantwana." Kule meko, isicelo sokuqala sentsana esibelethweni kuya kufuneka ukuba senzeke kwiwadi yokubeletha, kwisithuba sesigama seyure ukubonakala kweemvumba zakho ekukhanyeni. Nangona kukho nayiphi na ingxaki ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kunye nangesizathu esithile isizathu sokuba unina okanye umntwana useleyunithi yonyango olukhuselekileyo, isibhedlele sokubeletha siya kwenza umgudu wokuhlangana kwakhona Ngokuqhelekileyo kwizibhedlele zokubeletha zilolu hlobo, nangona emva kwecandelo le-shedare, oomama bavunyelwe ukuba basondele kwiintsana ezili-12 emva kokusebenza.Nakuba isicelo sokuqala esifubeni senzeke, akukho bani oza kunika ibhotile kunye nomxube wobisi ukuze adibane (njengoko Ngelishwa, kusenokwenzeka nakwizibhedlele ezininzi zaseRashiya nase-Ukraine.) Kakade, akubona bonke oomama banethamsanqa, kodwa nangona ungenayo "Isibhedlele Sobungane Bantwana" ecaleni kwakho, zama ukuvumelana nogqirha kunye nombeleki wakho ngaphambili, ngexesha elifanayo pr lozhit imvuthuluka olusandul ibele. Yaye ugxininise ukuba oku kufuneka kube yi-full-fledged, kwaye ayifumanekanga (imizuzu emininzi) isicelo.
Isicelo esifanelekileyo
Uvuyo lokudibana nomntwana alugciniwe ngoluvo olubuhlungu, ukutyunjwa kunye neentlobo zeengxowa, ukuba uqala ngokukhawuleza ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo esifubeni sakho. Uninzi lwabantwana ngokwabo luyakwazi ukusondla ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye lusetshentsho olusenyongweni oluchanekileyo, bancedwa kulokhu ngokucatshulwa kokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchonga ukuba kuyinyaniso ukuba ingaba ingumlenze ikhona emlonyeni, kwaye ukulungisa, ukuba oko, okunjalo, okunjalo, akunakwenzeka. Lo mama kufuneka amncede athathe isifuba ngokujulile njengoko kuyimfuneko, ukwenzela ukuba angalimazi iimbopu kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukuba angaphazamisi ukuhamba kokukhululeka kobisi. Indlela ekhawulezayo neyona ndlela ephumelelayo yokufunda indlela yokuncelisa umntwana ngokufanelekileyo ukubona indlela oomama abanamava abondla ngayo abantwana babo. Nangona ngexesha lokukhulelwa, zama ukufumana iqela lokuxhasa ukuncelisa okanye ukuthetha nanoma yimuphi umama ophumelela ngokubelesa umntwana wakhe. Ungabi neentloni, umcele ukuba abonise indlela omele uyenze ngayo ukubeka umntwana, mhlawumbi awunakuphikiswa uncedo nenkxaso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungenayo unina ongumhlengikazi kufuphi, khumbula ezinye iindlela ezilula eziza kunceda ekuqaleni kokutya. Gcobhoza ingono ngomlenze omncinane womntwana, linda uze uqalise ukuvula umlomo. Ngomzuzu xa i-crumb ivulela umlomo ngokubanzi njengokungathi iya kukhwela, ngokunyanzela ngokukhawuleza nokuzithemba, yenzele yona ukuze ingcambu kunye nengxenye engezantsi ye-areola zinzulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka emlonyeni wengane. Ngethuba lokusana, i-chin's child kufanele icinezele kwisifuba, isiponji esingaphantsi siphendukile. Yazisa umlo wevumba yakho. Ngaba ucinga ukuba kufinyelela kwintlungu epholileyo xa umntwana usana? Ukuba iimbumba isisitye okanye sihoxisiwe, phonsa umlenze othobekileyo ukusuka kwi-areola, ubambelele imizuzwana embalwa emva kokuba umntwana usondele. Ngenxa yokwaneliseka okwaneleyo, i-areola ye-ingono ihlala kwindawo echanekileyo emlonyeni we-crumb.
Ngaba akulambile indlala?
Uninzi oluninzi oomama banomdla malunga nombuzo: uyayazi njani ukuba umntwana uyamdla ngempumelelo, uyadla? Amaxesha amaninzi kwiintsapho zokubeletha iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa ziqala ukondla kwibhotile ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba usandul 'umama uxoxe nomntwana wezilwanyana ocebisa ukuncedisa, ephikisa ukuba umntwana uswele indlala. Kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda: ukuxhaswa kwangaphambili komxube kungathintela kakhulu i-lactation kangangokuthi kulungele yonke imizamo yokwenza ngaphandle kwayo. Zama ukuzifumana ukuba umntwana wakho unobisi obaneleyo. Ngeentsuku zokuqala umntwana usenokulula ukuncelisa ubisi lomama, kuphela ukuba unamathele kakhulu kwibele. Ukuhamba kweemvuthu, ezitshisa ubisi kakuhle, akunakudideka nantoni na: kubonakala sengathi uqhuba isifuba sikanina ukusuka ngezantsi kunye ne-chin. Omnye ochanekileyo ukunyakaza intshukumo: vula umlomo - ikhefu - umlomo ovaliweyo. Ingethuba elide, ngakumbi ubisi umntwana wakho uya kufumana ngolu hlobo. Umntwana oqhotyoshelwe ngokungalunganga udla i-sip kuphela ngexesha lamatye ebisi, xa ukuhamba kuqina ngokwaneleyo. Okanye awuyiva nayiphi na i-sips nonke. Kule meko, ngenyameko ukususa ibhokhwe kwi-crumb uze uzame ukusebenzisa kwakhona, sele uchanekile. Usihlalo womntwana, odla ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka abe mhlophe ngaphezu kwe-meconium (inzala yokuqala yombala omnyama kakhulu) malunga nosuku lwesithathu emva kokuzalwa, eyakhishwa kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokubeletha. Umthamo wesihlalo ngomhla wesine kufuneka ukwandise kakhulu. Isizathu sokuxhalabisa sihlalo esisihlambulukileyo, esixhambileyo seemvuthu ngosuku lwesihlanu.
Umzuzu owodwa wokubonisa: umyinge wokucoca ngosuku. Gxininisa kwisikimu esinjalo: ukufikelela kwiminyaka emibili ubudala eli nani kufuneka lihambelane nenani leentsuku ezenziwa ngumntwana wakho. Kwiintsana ezisebudala, isibonakaliso sokutya okunomsoco siya kuba nokuhamba oku-12 okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umama omncinane azi ukuba ngokwenene akukho ziphakamiso ezikhethekileyo ngokumalunga nobungakanani obisi obufuneka ukuba lunamathelwe ngesondlo esisodwa. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba imimiselo eboniswe etafileni kwipopu kunye nomxube olungeleleneyo unxulumana kuphela nabantwana abasesondlo sokufakelwa. Indawo ephawulekayo yilo: Ngokuqhelekileyo usuku olususayo umntwana lususela ubisi lobisi, malunga nokulingana no-1 / 7-1 / 5 ubukhulu bayo. Yaye uya kusela ntoni le nxalenye, ayikhathazeki nhlobo. Ewe, ukuba inzuzo yesisindo i 125 gram ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu.
Nceda nceda! Ezi zinto azibonakalisi ukungabi nobisi: ukusilela kwesigqibo sokuzaliswa kwesifuba, iziphumo ezingekho kakuhle zokulawula, ukuhlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihamba. wakhala emva kokutya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izisindo ezilawulwayo ngaphambi nangemva kokusondeza ngokuthandwa kakhulu ngabahlengikazi abaninzi basekhaya abahlala besinikeza umphumo othembekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuvela ukuba umntwana, emva kokuchitha iyure nesiqingatha kwisifuba, wazama yonke into, ngaphandle kwe-20-25 milliliters kuphela, oku kubangele ukukhathazeka.
Kukho nawuphi na, ngaphambi kokungenisa ukongezwa, zama ukudibana nomcebisi oncelisayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela ukuba akukho malunga nobuchule obubi bobuncwane bomama bamathumbu ukuvelisa ubisi. Zininzi iintsana nje azikwazi ukufumana ubisi kwibele ngenxa yendlela engalunganga yokusondeza.
Physiological
Enye yemithetho ebalulekileyo yokuncelisa ibele yilezi: ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba indawo yesana ilungile kwibele. Yilungiselele umntwana ebantwini ngaphandle kweeposiso, kwaye umlomo wakhe nolwimi lwakhe luza kuthatha ngokuzenzekelayo isikhundla somzimba, kwaye ukutya kuya kuba mnandi, kokubili umama kunye nosana.
Ngokuchanekileyo
1. Umntwana ulele ecaleni lakhe, ejongene nonina, isisu sakhe sigxininiswe sisisu esiswini.
2. Intloko yentsana ilele ekukhoneni komlenze womama. Umqolo uphahlale, uxhaswa ngokuxhaswa ngumlomo wam mama.
3. Iqhina le-crumb liphantse linyanzelwe kwisifuba, umva entanyeni kunye nentambo yomlomo wesibeleko yintsana inomgca ofanayo.
Ngalunganga
1. Ingane ilele ngasemva kwayo ngesisu sayo, kuphela intloko yakhe iphendulwa kunina.
2. Intloko yentsana ekugobeni komlenze womama, kodwa umva ugobile ngelokwe, unina akaxhasi.
3. I-backrest iqondile, itholakala ngokucacileyo ngengalo yomama, kodwa ikhanda liphonswa emva, umntwana unzima ukugwinya ubisi kwaye ugcine isifuba.
Thatha i-pose, Mama
Ngamanye amaxesha unina onamava akwazi ukufumana ubunzima ngenxa yokuba abanakufumana indawo epholileyo kwaye baphumule kwinkqubo yokondla. Zama ukufaka umntwana kwisifuba ukusuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukuze zonke iinxalenye zeentlanzi zinyameko zichithwe ngempumelelo. Umncinci "ofihlakeleyo": ukuphuma kwebisi xa kusenziwa ngexesha lokutya kwenzeka kwindawo eboniswa yintsimbi ye-crumb Makhe sijonge kwi-posture yesondlo yesisu.
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo ngexesha lokuqala emva kokubeleka (ngakumbi ukuba ngaba baneengxaki), kuyimfuneko ukondla kaninzi. Unako ukukhonza isifuba esilumkileyo, uncike kwi-elbow. Ukusuka phezulu kwinina ngokuqhelekileyo kulula ukubona ukuba umntwana usuvule umlomo ngokubanzi, ngoko ke kulula ukufumana ixesha elifanelekileyo lokusebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuhlala kwesi sikhundla ixesha elide: umva, amahlombe kunye neengalo ziyakhathala. Kuya kukhululeka ngakumbi ukunciphisa intloko yakho emlanjeni, kwaye ulungiselele umntwana kwi-bbow bow, u-tummy kuwe. Ngesandla sakho samahhala, ncedisa umntwana athathe ibele ngokuchanekileyo. Faka umcamelo ophantsi ngaphantsi komqolo wakho osezantsi ukwenzela ukuba imisipha yakho yangasemva ayixinyi, kwaye unako ukuphumla.
Isikhundla sokuhlala , okanye "umzala", kukuvumela ukuba ukondle umntwana naphi na, ngaphandle kokutsala ingqalelo yabanye abajikelezile, umane ujike umntwana ukuba amhlangabezane naye, cima ngokuqinisekileyo isisu sakhe esiswini sakhe, kwaye umqubuko kufuneka ube khona ngaphandle kwakho, okungukuthi ubuso Ngexa usondla isifuba, sondela kuso, kwaye ungahambi phambili (oku kubaluleke kakhulu), ngoko ubunzima obukhulu bomntwana ngexesha lokusondla liya kulala kwisifowuni sakho, kungekhona ezandleni zakho, kwaye awuyi kudinwa, nangona umntwana efuna ukuncelisa ixesha elide. no bunzima obuncinane Kulula kakhulu kwaye kumnandi.
"Ukusuka ngeenxa zonke kwikona" (ngoko kuthiwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba indawo "ngaphandle kwintlambo" ngumnye unomama). Ukwenza kube lula ukuchaza, makhe sicinge ukuba unondla umntwana wakho kwibele. Beka imithwalo emikhulu emibini ukuya ngakwesokudla, okanye sebenzisa umtya okhethekileyo wokuncelisa ngesimo sehhashi. Intloko ye-crumb kufuneka ilale entendeni yesandla sakho sokunene. Yiguqule ngemilenze yakho emva kombhede, uyifake kwisifuba sakho ngesandla sakho sokunene nentsebenzo edlalwa ngabasetyhini, ukuchukumisa i-elbow yakho kwisikhwama esincinci. Xa ukondla kule ndawo, i-lobes yangaphezulu yeentlanzi zamathambo zikhutshwe kakuhle, ezidla ngokubakho ubuninzi obisi.
Musa ukulibala ukuba i-lactation yinkqubo exhomekeke kwi-hormone. Yaye isixa sobisi esiveliswa ngumama sixhomekeke kwindlela ephindaphindiweyo yokuvuselelwa kwebele. Emva koko, ama-hormone axhasa ukuveliswa kobisi, ayenziwa ngokukodwa kwinkqubo yokutshiza. Ukubeka nje: ngakumbi umntwana usana, umama obisi ngakumbi. Ukuze inani lobisi lihlangabezane neemfuno zentsana yakho, ukuncelisa akufanele kube yinkqubo engqongqo, kodwa kufuneke. Ngaba uyabona ukuba umntwana oqala ukukhathazeka encinci? Musa ukulinda ixesha elide, unike isifuba ngaphambi kokuba akhale, ekuphenduleni ukuxhalaba okanye ukutshintshwa kwemilomo ngomlomo wakhe. Akukho zikhefu zeeyure ezintathu, apho abanye ootitshala bezingane nabahlengikazi besathanda ukuthetha ngabo, akudingeki ukuba ume. Ubusuku kunye nokusa kwentsasa kusasa (ukususela ngo-3 ukuya ku-7 ekuseni) kunika ukwanda okwenziwe ubisi ngosuku olulandelayo, njengoko kule mizuzu "i-hormone" ye-hormone prolactin iqhutywe ngokukodwa, ngendlela yokutya, akunjalo, njalo, isisombululo kuphela, ngumntwana kuphela. Mama ngokwayo unako ukumnika isifuba xa ewufunayo: umzekelo, ngesigxina sokuzaliswa ngokuqinileyo, ukuba umntwana ulale ixesha elide kwaye akayelisi ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-3-4.
Ngokumalunga nokunciphisa
Ukuba ukondla umntwana wakho ngokufunwa, uboniso olongezelelweyo lwentsimbi alufunanga. Ubisi lobisi luhlala luveliswa ngokuchanekileyo njengoko umntwana adinga. Kodwa ubisi obuninzi ngokweqile, obunokutshatyalaliswa emva kokugweba rhoqo, kunokubangela i-lactostasis. Ngoko qaphela kakhulu!
Ungazami ukukhawulela ngokukhawuleza ixesha lokutya. Yonke ingcaciso malunga neyiphi imizuzu emininzi abantwana abayidinga ukuyidla isuswa kwilayili. Abasetyhini abahlukeneyo bahluke ngokupheleleyo, kubanzi ubukhulu bebisi, ububanzi obuhlukeneyo bokuhamba kweebisi, kunye nesitayela sokutsala asifaneki ngathi. vumela ukuhamba kwesifuba somama, xa isidingo sakhe sokusana siya kugqiba. "Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba isifuba sakho asinalutho kwaye umntwana usuzalisekile?" Ngoko ke, mnike omnye. "Musa ukulandela umgaqo" wesondlo esinye - esisodwa ", ngaphandle kokuba umntwana ukuchonga iingxaki Leno eziswini lactose. Njengoko ungakhange ujonge iwashi, kodwa jonga umntwana ukujonga ukuba lixesha lokumondla, ungagxininisi kwishedyuli, kodwa kwivalelo yokuzaliswa kwesifuba kwaye kukuphi na isandla ngexesha elilungele ngakumbi ukuba ubambe iimvuthu.
Mayelana ne-vodichku kunye neziqhamo
Uninzi lwabahlengikazi baninzi alucebisi ngamanzi okusela kumntwana osondezayo, aze amnike i-pacifier. Emva kokusela amanzi, inani elifanayo lobisi umntwana uya kufumana ngaphantsi kwebele. Nanini xa i-crumb ingamthandi enye ngaphandle kwesifuba, kukho ingozi yokuba isifuba siza kusondla kakuhle, kwaye ubuninzi bebisi buya kuqala ukuhla ngenxa yokuvuselela ngokwaneleyo. Kuloo matyala xa umntwana emele atyunwe kwizizathu zonyango, kungcono ukunikezela ngokungekho kwimbumba, kodwa kwizinto ezingenakunyulwa. Ingaba yipuni, indebe, isirinji ngaphandle kwenaliti, isiselo okanye isistim esikhethekileyo sokuncelisa. Ngokutsho kwe-WHO, malunga ne-30% yabantwana banika isifuba emva kokuba batyathele kuphela kwiinkipi zabo. Abantwana abaxhamliweyo kuphela, njengomthetho, abayidingi amanzi angaphezulu kunye nokufakwa kokutya okudibeneyo ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6. Kuyaziwa ukuba sele sele uqhelana nokutya okongeziweyo kwiinyanga ezi-6, umntwana uqala ukungathathi kakuhle iivithamini kunye nokulandelela izinto ezivela kubisi lonina. Yaye ngokutya okuncedisayo, ngelanga, uya kuqala ukuwafumana ngokuzeleyo kungekudala kungekudala. Ngako-ke, kutheni ukukhawuleza, ukuphazamiseka kwengxaki yesisu kunye nokuphendula, xa ubisi luqulethe zonke iivithamini eziyimfuneko kubantwana, kwaye zixhaswa ngumzimba wabantwana ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle komkhondo. Kukholelwa ukuba ukuba ngeentsuku ezi-6 umntwana wakho usasafumana ubisi, kwaye ukunyelwa kwebele kuyaphumelela. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba kufuneka siqale ukuluma umntwana ngoku okanye xa uya kuba ngumnyaka owodwa ubudala. Iingcali ze-WHO ziqinisekile ukuba unyamezelo lufanele luphele iminyaka emibili, kwaye ukuba unina nomntwana unqwenela, mhlawumbi, ixesha elide.