Kuphuhliso lwezengqondo zabantwana iminyaka eyi-1-3 yobomi, izinto ezininzi zibalulekile, kwaye, ngokwemvelo, ezinxulumene neminyaka. Emva koko, into yokuba umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa - ukubonakaliswa kophuhliso oluqhelekileyo, umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa - sele sele unesifo esingathandekiyo. Yingakho uvavanyo lophuhliso lwezengqungquthela lubalulekile kwinqanaba ngalinye. Siza kuthatha ingqalelo iqela elithile leminyaka - abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1-3 ubudala.
Yintoni "uphuhliso lweengqondo"? Ingqiqo inzima kwaye iqulethe izinto ezibalulekileyo. Oku kuhlolwe kuzo zonke iziko zobuninzi (ukuvalelwa, umbono, ukuvakalelwa kwintsimbi), nokugqiba inqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwezinto zokusebenza ze-infant (i-toncle tone, ikhono lokubamba intamo nokuguquka, ukuhamba nokuhamba, nokuqikelela ubunzima bezithuthi zezandla). Le ndlela yokugqibela ibaluleke kakhulu, kuba izakhono zezithuthi ezilungileyo zindlela yokuqala yexesha elizayo "umsebenzi onzima" ohambelana nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezincinci, ngokuchanekileyo. Ukongezelela, umxholo othi "uphuhliso lomntwana wengqondo" unokubandakanya izakhono zakhe zokunxibelelana kwezentlalo, udibaniso nabathandekayo, ukuqaphela izwi. Apha - kunye nokuvavanywa kwendlela inkonyana inxibelelana ngayo noontanga kunye nokuzibandakanya kumnandi. Yonke le yimizila ehamba phambili yokuphuhlisa imvumba.
Phantse bonke abazali bazama ukubonisa ukuba umntwana uyakwazi ukulawula ezo zakhono aqalise ukuzifunda. Okokuthi, ukuba umntwana ufunde ukubamba i-spoon esandleni sakhe, ngoko uMama uya kuxelela bonke abahlobo bakhe ukuba udla abantwana bakhe! Kodwa bonke oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye neengqondo zengqondo baya kuxela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ubuchule bufumaneke kuphela xa umntwana engakwazi ukudibanisa namanye, izenzo ezinxulumene ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokusekelwe kulo, tshela ukuba inkunzi yodwa ingakwazi xa iyakwazi ukugcina i-spoon, iphinde ikhiphe ikhalenda yayo kwisiqhekeza ize uyizise yonke emlonyeni. Ngaphandle koko, umntwana ufunda kuphela isakhono esithile.
Musa ukunyanzelisa indima yelungu ngalinye lentsapho kwinkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yengane, kuba into ebalulekileyo yoluntu ibaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka ujikeleze umntwana ngokufudumala nokunyamekela, ngelixa unika unxibelelwano alufunayo. Kufuneka uncenkcenkceshe intetho yakho kunye nezicelo - oku kuya kuvumelana ngokuvisisana kunye neengqondo kunye nokuhamba kweemvuthu. Ukuba awuyikunyamekela okwaneleyo umntwana kunye nophuhliso lwakhe, ngoko ke iinkqubo ziya kutyhutyha - kunye nokubambisana neontanga kuya kuba nzima. Emva kwakho konke, kungaboniswanga nomntwana, uthabathe kuye okokuphela kweso sixhobo sobume bokusingqongileyo-kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekulibazisekeni ekuphuhliseni kwengqondo kweemvumba - kwaye ukugaya, kholwa, kuya kuqhubeka kuphela. Iyakwazi ukuphela ngokubuhlungu - umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye ukulungiswa kwentlalo - oko kukuthi, umntwana wakho akayi kukwazi ukulungelelanisa ubunzima bokuphila kwakhe kulindeleke.
Mhlawumbi umntwana okhawulezayo ukhula kunyaka wokuqala wobomi - ngeli nqanaba, ngokumalunga nokuqikelelwa okukrakra, nganye inyanga inani lezakhono zakhe lenziwe ngezinto ezinhlanu ezintsha. Ukongeza zonke ezo zakhono zihloniphekile kwaye zancinci zitsha, ziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ziyimfuneko ngakumbi kubomi abazimeleyo bomntwana.
Kodwa kukho iimeko zesinye isicwangciso-xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana usekho emva kokuphuhliswa. Nanku kubalulekile ukucacisa - ubuninzi kunye nantoni engumntwana, ukuze ancede ekuphuculeni ngexesha. Emva koko, izizathu, eqinisweni, zinokuhluka. Ngokomzekelo, umntwana wakho sele sele ufanele aqale ukukhahlela. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukwenzeka kuye. Kutheni? Izizathu zingaba, ubuncinane, ezimbini. Eyokuqala kubo - umntwana akanako ukukhawula, kuba engazi ukuba yintoni na into edliweyo, ukuba le nyathelo isenziwa njani. Ingxaki apha kukuba abazali abazange babonise umntanakho indlela yokukhwela. Abazange baxelele ukuba ngoncedo lokunyuka, umntwana ngokwakhe unako ukwanelisa ezinye iimfuno zakhe - umzekelo, fumana umdlalo othakazelisayo. Ukuba awudingi ixesha elide lokusombulula isizathu sokuqala, ngoko isizathu sesibini sinokubangela inkqubo yokuphuhlisa umntwana. Kwaye kuqulethwe kwisifo esingavumeli ukuba i-crumb ihambe. Ngokomzekelo, unokuthi ahlupheke kwi-paresis yeephelo eziphantsi. Ngoko naliphi na ubuchule - ukuba ubonile ukuba umntwana wakho akakabakho, cingisisa: mhlawumbi awuzange umbonise ukuba unokwenza oku? Ngako oko, akayazi indlela yokubeka izinto zonke. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuba uyaphawula nokuba i-lag encane ukusuka kwisiqhelo, kukulungele ukubonisa umntwana kumntwana wezingane kunye neurologist.
Ngoko, masiqale ukuchaza ezo zakhono ezibonisa ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kwabantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwimithathu.
Umntwana wakho uneminyaka eli-1 ubudala kunye neenyanga ezintathu ubudala ...
Kulo nyaka, abantwana sele beqonda ukuthetha komntu omdala kangcono kakhulu-amagama asetyenziswa kakhulu asele axhomekeke ngokuqinisekileyo kunye nezinto kunye nezenzo abazikhethayo. Kwaye isigama sakhe sikhula ngokusemthethweni imihla ngemihla. Kufanele ukuba sele esazi ubukhulu bezinto kakuhle kwaye ahlule phakathi kwe "big" ne "encinci", nangona umahluko phakathi kobukhulu bungabalulekanga (kufika ku-3 cm). Ukongezelela, inkwenkwe iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde ibuke yonke iminyango ayibonile ngaphambili kwimidlalo kunye nezihlobo.
Umntwana oneminyaka engama-1 kunye neenyanga ezi-3 ulunge kakhulu - uyayithanda loo msebenzi kwaye uyalibala ngokupheleleyo ukuba inokwenzeka ukukhahlela. Angakwazi ukuhlala phantsi kwaye ngokulula ukuma emilenzeni yakhe kwakhona. Ukongeza, i-crumb iyakwazi ukubuyela.
Ukuphuculwa kunye nezakhono zakhe zokufumana i-spoon - unokutya ngokwaneleyo ngokwabo.
Umntwana wakho uneminyaka eli-1 ubudala kunye neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala ...
Ingane ifunda ukuhlalutya, isele ikwazi ukuphuka kumaqela athile eempahla, ukuyihlela ngokwemiqondiso ayinayo. Intetho yakhe iyenziwa ngamazwi anzima. I-crumb kufuneka yazi kwaye iyiqonde iifom zezinto eziphambili: funda isangqa kunye nekwere, isitena. Ukuba udlala into ehambayo - emva komdlalo uya kubona ukuba umntwana uyaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo zonke iintshukumo zakho. Ukuhamba ngesinyathelo-nyathelo, umntwana angakwazi ukuwela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuzithemba ngesithintelo esaneleyo. Ngeminyaka eli-1 nesiqingatha, i-crumb ikwazi ukulawula kakuhle i-spoon kwaye iququzelele ukunyakaza kwayo, ngoko kulula ukuyidla nokutya okumanzi.
Umntwana wakho unyaka ongu-1 kunye neenyanga ezili-9 ubudala ...
Ingane inithanda kakhulu ukuphulaphula amabali akho kunye nokubukela imifanekiso ephathekayo - uyayiqonda ngokucacileyo, malunga nobani na intetho kunye nokuba lo mbonakalo okanye lowo mlingiswa ubonakala njani. Emva kokuphulaphula itekisi, i-crumb ingakwazi ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo impendulo engathandekiyo. Intetho ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ingachaza into ngamagama amabini, isebenzisa izenzi ngexesha elinye. Ukuphucula ukuqonda ukuphakama kwezinto.
Ukuba ufumana ibha yomthi we-15 cm ephezulu kunye no-20 cm ububanzi, umntwana uya kukwazi ukuhamba kunye naloo ndlela.
Ukongezelela kwezo zakhono, inkunzi inokugqoka izinto ezithile, ngaphandle kokuba umntu omdala uza kumnceda kule nto.
Umntwana wakho uneminyaka emi-2 ubudala ...
Ingane kule minyaka yesantya isele ihlakaniphile ngokwaneleyo. Qiniseka ukuba ukuba unobungqina obuhle kunye namagama alula kumxelele into ethile kwimicimbi yexesha elidlulileyo - uya kukuqonda ngokupheleleyo.
Ubomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla awufumani nje amagama amagama ezibizo kunye nezenzi, ngaphezu kokubhengezwa kwezivakalisi nezichazi kumlomo wengane iminyaka emi-2. Unako ukubeka imibuzo ecacisa iziganeko ezahlukeneyo zesiganeko (umzekelo, okwethutyana - "xa").
Kwi sakho sicelo, i-crumb iyakuthabatha kwaye ikunike izinto ezibonisa uhlobo oluthile.
Umntwana unengqiqo ye-logal ecacileyo, unokukwazi ukwenza kunye nokuqhuba isetyenzana esithile sezenzo, esekelwe ngokuxhomekeka ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuhamba amanyathelo okutshintsha, umntwana unokuzama ukunyathela kwisithinteli seshumi elinesihlanu.
Ukugqoka kuphantse kumaphepha omntwana, ulwa nezinto ezininzi zokugqoka. Uyadla ngokucokisekileyo, akahlambulukanga kwaye akayidlala etafileni (okokugqibela, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekukhulisweni komntwana).
Kwiminyaka emi-2 umntwana kufuneka azi zonke iinxalenye zomzimba aze akwazi ukuwabonisa ngeedokodo, kuye nakubantu abadala. Unokukwazi ukuba uyintoni na into eyimzwakalayo, kwaye uxelele abazali bakhe ngako.
Umntwana wakho uneminyaka emi-2 kunye neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala ...
Intetho yenkomo iya kuba yicacile ngakumbi kwaye iyanzima nezicelo ezineengxenye eziphantsi. Imibuzo ayicelayo iba nzima kakhulu: bayayichaza indawo ("le nto yenzeke phi?") Kwaye ixesha ("kwenzeka nini le?").
Ungadlala nomntwana kwi-geometry yabantwana, ubonise iimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo, emfanekisweni kunye nomfanekiso onokuthi kufuneka ufumane izinto ezifanayo.
Umntwana kwiminyaka emibini nesiqingatha kufuneka afunde kakuhle kwimibandela eyintloko kwaye abe nako ukuxelela uhlobo luni lento - yintoni umbala. Ingane kufuneka ikwazi ukuba imbala emhlophe, ebomvu, ebomvu, eluhlaza, eluhlaza kunye emnyama.
I-Logic iyaqhubeka - kwaye umntwana unokuvelisa izenzo ezininzi, ezixhomekeke ngokulandelana ngokulandelelana. Ngokomzekelo, uyazi ukuba idonk kufuneka idle kuqala, kwaye-ke ukulala ukulala. Ukuphuculwa kunye nomdlalo kwiikhabhi, iimveliso ziba nzima ngakumbi.
Ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kakuhle kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, i-crumb isazi kakuhle indlela yokubamba ipensela esandleni sakhe, kodwa akakwazi ukudweba nayiphi na imifanekiso.
Xa uneminyaka engama-2 kunye neenyanga ezintandathu, umntwana kufuneka azigqoke ngokupheleleyo, eshiya kuphela izilwanyana kunye ne-zippers kubazali bakhe. Akukho ngxaki ekujonganeni nayo nayiphi na ukutya, ukutya ngokucophelela, i-spoon ibambe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuhamba ngamanyathelo okutshintshwa, unokukunqoba isithintelo esingamashumi amabini anesentimitha.
Intetho yomntwana eneminyaka emithathu ibonakaliswa nobukho bezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinkimbinkimbi. Ingane inomdla kakhulu, unomdla kuyo: kutheni kwenzeka okuthile, kwaye kutheni konke oku kwenzekayo. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba "kutheni" ubudala.
Uyazi injongo yazo zonke izinto ozisebenzisayo kwimidlalo., Kwaye uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo olu lwazi. Uyazi yonke imibala ebalulekileyo, unokuyibiza kwaye abonise.
Xa uneminyaka emithathu, inkunzi iqala ukuba nomdla kumdlalo odlala indima, iya kudlala ngokuzonwabisa kwizilwanyana zehlathi eziya kutyelelana, okanye "kwiintombi zonina", kwaye aziyi kucinga nantoni na ukuba utshintshe iindima zakho eziqhelekileyo ngexesha lomdlalo. Imixholo yemidlalo ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kwaye iyancediswa ngeenkcukacha ezincinci ezahlukeneyo.
Phantse yonke iminyaka emithathu kwiminyaka emithathu inithanda ukudweba nokukhangela okuthile kwiplastiki! Ngaphezu koko, iziphumo zemizamo yazo sele ziqala ukulandelwa: ukubetha kwipencilisi kufana neziza ezilula, kwaye iifomfayile zenziwe kwi-plasticine.
Umntwana oneminyaka emithathu ugqoke yena ngokwakhe, akafanele abe neengxaki ezikhethekileyo zokudibanisa i-shoelaces. Ukuba ujwayele ukusilela kwiimfuno zokuqala zokuziphatha, ngokuqinisekileyo uyazi kakuhle indlela yokusebenzisa kakuhle i-napkin okanye i-handkerchief.
Ngokutshintshwa okanye ukunyathela amanyathelo, umntwana unokuwela umnqamlezo, ubude bawo buphakathi kwamangentimitha amathathu!
Lezi zigaba eziphambili, unokwazi ukuxelela izinto ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yomntwana kwiminyaka yobudala ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Unokwenza isatiphu yentuthuko, urekhode idatha kuyo kwaye uqaphele ngokukodwa ukuba uphuhliso lwakho lomntwana luhambelana neminyaka ethile. Nangona kunjalo, kwakhona siyakukhumbuza: zonke iintsapho zikhula ngokwabo, umntu ufumana into, umntu akenzi. Kwaye nceda uncedo lwakho lubaluleke kakhulu - kunika ingqwalasela engakumbi, ujonge ukuphuhliswa kwayo, ngexesha lokufumanisa naluphi na ukuphambuka nokuwaphelisa. Wena-umzekelo wokulingisa, inkunzi iya kuhlala ilingana nawe, ngoko ungabi mvila kwaye ube ngumzekelo omhle kwaye ulungile, umfundise ngeengxaki zezilwanyana kwinto encedayo kwizinto ezizimeleyo.
Omnye ukucaciswa okuncinci: akufuneki ukuba ngamnye umntwana kufuneka akwazi ukwenza konke oku ngasentla kwixesha elithile. Iingcali ze-neuropathologists kunye nezingane zakudala zithi ukuba unayo ubuncinane ubuncinane ezintlanu ukusuka kwizintlu-ke ngoko ukhula ngokuvumelana nesimo esiqhelekileyo. Ukuba akunjalo, ke le sihlandlo ukutyelela iingcali kwaye ubuze iingcebiso.