Ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga (impumoniya) isifo apho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kwiimfudu zomphunga. Ingakwazi ukuvela njengesifo esizimeleyo, kunye nesimo seengxaki zesinye, umzekelo, isifo semasisi, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, njl njl. Isifo sinobungozi ngakumbi kubantwana, ngenxa yempawu zomzimba zomzimba womntwana.
Ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga kumntwana, iimpawu zazo ezichazwe ngezantsi, zikhula xa iintlobo ezininzi zegciwane kunye ne-microbes zibandakanya. Indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sifo idlalwa yiimeko ezingekho kakuhle, ukungondleki, i-hypotrophy, i-diathesis exudative, i-rickets, i-hypovitaminosis kunye nezinye izifo.
Impawu zokuqala ze-pneumonia kwintsana zibonakaliswa iintsuku ezi-2-7 emva komzuzwana wokusuleleka. Ngeli xesha, iipilisi ziyancipha kwiphepha lokuphefumula. Iimpawu zokuqala zifana nobushushu: ukwanda kancinci kweqondo lokushisa, ukudibanisa kwendoda, impumlo ye-runny, ukukhwehlela okuncane, ubomvu nomqala. Kwiintsuku ezingama-2-4, le miqondiso iyancipha okanye idlule. Kananjalo ukutshaya komntwana kunokuqala ngaphandle kwempawu ezingentla.
Ngokumalunga neziganeko zesakhiwo seendlela zokuphefumula abantwana, i-pneumonia ebantwaneni abancinci inokuthi iqhutywe ngendlela enzima. Iimpumlo kunye ne-nasopharynx kubantwana bancinci, kwaye iindinyana zomzimba kunye nezimbobo zincitshisiweyo, ngoko umoya ophefumlelweyo awuhlambulukanga kwaye ufudumele. I-trachea yabantwana kunye ne-larynx banombane omncinci. I-bronchi yabantwana inamabhodlela amancinci, okubangela ukuphuculwa ngokukhawuleza kweenkqubo ezivuthayo kuzo.
Ngesemncinci, ukuvuvukala okukrakra kwimo emnene kunqabile kakhulu, kunye neempawu zincinci. Ukuba umntwana unemiqondiso enjalo njengobushushu obuncinci, i-cyanosis encinci emlonyeni nasempumleni, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukugqithisa kwesikhumba, abazali mabafanele bajike kwinqanaba labantwana. Ukunyangwa ngokukhawuleza, enoba umntwana uphuhliswa kakuhle kwaye uyomelele, uya kuhlangabezana nesifo kwiintsuku eziyi-10-12.
Ukuba unyango lwendlela emnene ye-pneumonia aluqalwanga ngexesha, ifomu enzima okanye enzima ye-pneumonia ingahlakulela. Iimpawu zefomatiyoni yimeko engancinci yomntwana, i-pallor yesikhumba, ubuso obubonakalayo buso, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ubuthathaka, ukukhwehlela. Kukho ukuphazamiseka kwisigqi sokuphefumula, okubonakalisa kwisitenxo saso, kuba yinto engaphethekiyo kwaye rhoqo. Iqondo lokushisa lomzimba liphakama ukuya kuma-37.5-38.5 degrees. Inkambo yesi sifo sale fom (ngokunyanga okwaneleyo) ihlala kwiiveki ezi-3-4.
Ukunyanga okungenakulinganiswa nokunyanga komntwana kunokubangela ukuphuhliswa kweendlela ezinzima ze-pneumonia. Ubonakaliswa ngumkhuhlane ophezulu, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukunyanzeliswa kwemithi, imilomo ye-cyanotic, impumlo, iindlebe kunye nezipikili.
Ngenxa yokuphefumula, umntwana ufumana indlala yomoya, ekhokelela ekuphazamiseni iinkqubo zokuxilonga kwizitho kunye nezicubu. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukuvutha kwamathambo, i-pleura.
Ubungozi obukhulu kunye nokuvutha kanzima kwemiphunga kuvela kwiintsana ezingekafiki. Esi sifo sinokuthi sithwale ingozi yobomi bomntwana. Kule meko, iimpawu zesifo se-pneumonia kubantwana abanjalo zibonakaliswa ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye zingenakuqondwa ngabazali abangazazi. Iintsana ziyakwenqaba ukuncelisa, zine-cyanosis ngexesha lokutya, azifumani ubunzima. Isibonakaliso sesi sifo siphefumula rhoqo, kubonakala kwimilomo ye-foamy liquid. Umntwana unesiqhwala, utywala, ulele, okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ujabule kakhulu. Kule meko, ukushisa komzimba kudla rhoqo kwimida yomgangatho. Ukuba, xa ufumanisa iimpawu ezingentla, ungaqali unyango olukhawuleza, emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-3 imeko yomntwana ingahlahloka ngokukhawuleza.