Ukuzalwa komntwana ngaphandle kwesibhedlele sokubeleka

Uninzi lwabafazi bathanda ukuhanjiswa kwimeko yezokwelapha. Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulayo labamama abalindayo ngoku banquma ukuhambisa umntwana ekhaya, bezama ukwenza ukuzalwa komntwana njengento esondeleyo. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abafazi babe nethuba lokuzala kuphela ekhaya.

Kwiminyaka yeshumi elinamashumi amabini abasebenzi beqalile kwizibhedlele zokubeletha. Kwinqaku enesihloko esithi "Ukuzalwa komntwana ngaphandle kwesibhedlele sokubeleka" uya kufunda ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwaye uqonde apho kulungele ukuzala umntwana.

Izinzuzo

Abasetyhini abaninzi baziva bekhuselekile kwisibhedlele sokubeleka, kodwa abanye babo bayothuswa zizixhobo kunye nezibane ezikhanyayo eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezokwelapha. Ngoko ke, banquma ukuqhuba ukubeletha ekhaya. Abanye abesetyhini bakhetha le ndlela yokunikezelwa, kuba indawo yendawo ibonakala kubo ngokwemvelo ukuzalwa komntwana. Ukongezelela, ukuzalwa ekhaya kuvumela iqabane kwaye, ukuba kunqwenela, amanye amalungu omndeni ukuba athathe inxaxheba enkulu kule nkqubo. Ukubeletha ekhaya kuya kuba yinto ethandwa kakhulu. Kwakhona, inani elinyukayo labasetyhini likhetha ukulawula inkqubo yokukhulelwa kwabo ngokwabo kwaye bafune ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuzalwa kunesiganeko esisondeleyo kunenkqubo yonyango. Iziphumo zezi zifundo zibonisa ukuba ukuzalwa ekhaya kuvumela umama ukuba azive ekhululekile kwaye engenakuncitshiswa ukuba adinge i-anesthesia.

Ukulungiselela

Xa ibhinqa lokuqala libuza ugqirha ukuba liqinisekise ukukhulelwa, inokuxoxa ngeendlela ezikhethiweyo zokuhambisa.

Mngcipheko

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuzala ekhaya kukhuselekile njengezibhedlele zokubeleka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibhinqa linama-amnesis (umzekelo, nayiphi na intsholongwane ekuzalweni kwangaphambili) okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa kwangempela, iingxaki (umzekelo, ngokubonakalisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwentombazana) enokudinga unyango olukhethekileyo unyango, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba bafake isicelo kwiziko lempilo . Ngokuqhelekileyo umbelethisi onamava okuzala ekhaya unceda. Ukongezelela, uxhasa umfazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakhe. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kubakho ababeleki ababini. Ngomhla wokuzalwa komhla wokuzalwa, umbelethisi uhambela indlu ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungele yona. Ukufikelela okufanelekileyo kwindlu kuyimfuneko xa kuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwindoda ekubelethweni kwisibhedlele, ukuphuphuma umoya, ukushisa kwemoya ephezulu, ukukhanyisa nokunikezelwa kwamanzi. Umlenzekazi ngokuqhelekileyo wenza uluhlu lwezinto eziyimfuneko, ezibandakanya:

Umbelethisi uzisa ezininzi izixhobo eziyimfuneko, ngomhla wokuzalwa, kuquka nezixhobo zokubetha kunye nokuhlula intambo yomlomo, uboya bombotyi obunobumba, ukugqoka kunye nabanye. Iyakwazi nokuba nefowuni yokurekhoda izinga lentliziyo ye-fetus kunye neetonometer yokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kumama. Ukufumana i-analgesia ekusebenzeni, umbelethisi unokuba ne-bottle mix air-bottle, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye iipilisi. Kwiimeko zexakeka, umatshini wokubeletha unika konke okufunekayo ukuvuselelwa kwintsana: i-oksijeni, izixhobo zokungena (ukugcina i-airway patency), i-catheter ye-urinary kunye nokutshiza ukucoceka iphepheni yokuphefumula kwi-mucus. Ngokuqala komsebenzi, unina uzalela umbelekazi. Ngethuba lexesha lokubeleka umfazi angakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo aze aphucule. Umbelethisi uqikelela ubuninzi kunye nobude bezinqamlezo ze-uterine. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lomsebenzi, unako ukuthetha nomfazi obesebenza ngefowuni kwaye ngoko ubeke imeko yakhe.

Isigaba esisebenzayo sokubeletha

Xa kuqalwa isigaba esisebenzayo sokubeletha (xa umlomo wesibeleko u-4 cm okanye ngaphezulu uvulekileyo), umbelethisi uhlala ecaleni komfazi ekubelethweni. Ukuzalwa kwasekhaya kuqhutyelwa ngendlela efanayo nesibhedlele sokubeletha, ngaphandle kokuba unina unethuba lokulawula inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo. Umfazi onamaxoki akafanele alele embhedeni lonke ixesha okanye abe kwigumbi elinye. Unako ukuhamba, uhlambe okanye uphume waya engadini. Isikhundla sokuma somzimba sinokukhawuleza ukukhawuleza, njengale ndlela yokukhupha igalelo ekunciphiseni intloko yesisu, ukunciphisa umlomo wesibeleko kunye nokuvula kwayo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kukho nayiphi inkathazo eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuzalwa ekhaya, umbelethisi unxibelelana ngokukhawuleza nabasebenzi besibhedlele sokubeletha. Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezikhulayo, ugqirha osebenzayo unokuncoma ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngenjongo yokubonelela ngoncedo olufunekayo lwezonyango. Ababeleki banamava aneleyo ekufumaneni i-pathology of labor.

Ukuqwalaselwa

Intlawulo yenhliziyo, ukushisa komzimba, izinga lokushaya intliziyo kunye nexinzelelo legazi, kunye nenani lentliziyo le-fetus lihlolwe ngenyameko. Ukongezelela, amandla, ubude kunye nokuphindaphinda kwamaqhezu e-uterine aqoshiwe. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwezinga lokunyuka komlomo kunye nokuqhubela phambili komntwana ngokusebenzisa izitya zokuzalwa. Ukubeka esweni rhoqo kusenza sikrokreke ngexesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi kwaye silalise esibhedlele umfazi ekubelekeni kuze kubekho ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezinobungozi.

Iingxaki

Izibhedlele kwiinkqubo zokubeletha okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kwazo kuyimfuneko ekuphuhlisweni kwezi ngxaki ezilandelayo:

Ukuqaphela iimpawu zokuqala zabasebenzi, umfazi uthintana nombelekazi. Ngexesha lokubeletha, kuya kuvumela amalungu omndeni ukuba abelane ngesiganeko esithandanayo. Kwinkqubo nayiphi na ukuzalwa, amaxesha amathathu ahlukeneyo:

Ngokuqaliswa kwezabasebenzi (xa izicatshulwa ze-uterine zihlala zihamba rhoqo okanye i-amniotic fluid iyahamba), umbelethisi uza kumfazi obesebenza, uhlola, uxinzelele uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye anqume isigaba senkqubo yokuzalwa.

Kuvulwa komlomo

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ixesha lokuqala lobasebenzi lithatha iiyure eziyi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 - kwisigaba sokuqala, ubukho bombelekazi akudingekile. Enye yeenzuzo zokuzalwa ekhaya kukuba ngeli nqanaba inkosikazi inokuhamba ngokukhululekile kwindlu, kwaye ingabi kwindawo yeziko lempilo. Oku kuvumela ukuba azive ekhululekile kwaye ephazamiseke entlungu.

Ukwamukelwa kokubeletha

Xa umlomo wesibeleko usondele ngokuvulekileyo, umbelethisi uhlala ecaleni komfazi ekuzalweni kwakhe, ukubeka iliso imeko yakhe kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yengqondo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe kuncitshiswe ukuvumela unina kunye naye, kunye namanye amalungu omndeni, ukuba babelane ngokuvakalelwa okukhulu kwi-birth joint. Umbelethisi uyaqaphela ubukhulu kunye namandla okhuselo lwe-uterine, kwakunye nezinga lokuvulwa komlomo wesibeleko. Ukwabanisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuqinisekisile kwimeko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza, umbelethisi uvame ukuhamba kwaye adibanise rhoqo nomfazi ekubelethweni, ejongene nenkqubo ngefowuni. Uyise wengane engakazalwa uhamba nomfazi ekubelethweni, emxhasa ekuqaleni kwexesha lokubeletha. Njengoko abasebenzi beqhubeka, ukwahlukana kuya kuba rhoqo kwaye kunzima. Ibhinqa ivakalelwa gqitha xa umlenze we-amniotic ojikeleze umntwana usukhulula i-amniotic fluid. Umgangatho kwigumbi apho umama okhulelweyo elele khona uhlanganiswe ngengubo yeplastiki. Ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-amniotic fluid ngumqondiso wesimo esonwabileyo somntwana.

Ukunyuselwa komlomo wesibeleko

Umbelethisi unelisekile ngempumelelo yowesifazane ekubelekeni. Kwiiyure eziliqela emva kokuqala kweemfazwe, kwaye umlomo wesibeleko usuvule ngokupheleleyo. Kule nqanaba, izicatshulwa ze-uterine ziba zizinto eziqhelekileyo kwaye zininzi. Iqabane liyakusiza umfazi ekubelekeni ukuba atshale, ngelixa umbelethisi echazela abantwana oko kwenzeka ngokwenene kumama. Ngethamsanqa, abazali babalungiselela iziganeko ezizayo. Njengoko ibhinqa elisemzimbeni lixhamla, iindlela zakhe zookhokho zikhula kwaye kuzo zonke iintloko ze-fetus ziboniswa. Olunye usapho lujonge amahlombe omntwana avela emva kokuzama kweyesibini. UBawo uyayisekela intloko, kwaye emva kwesinye isilingo, umntwana uzalwa. Emva koviwo lokuqala, unina unikwa umntwana. Umbelethisi ubonisa uyise ukuba angayinqumla intambo. Imizuzu embalwa kamva i-placenta izalwa. Umbelethisi uyamhlola ngokucophelela.

Umama nomntwana baziva kakuhle. Umbelethisi uhlola umntwana, ulawula ixesha lokuphefumula kunye ne-pulse. Uqwalasela ngokucophelela intambo yomlomo, kuba nayiphi na into engafanelekiyo, njengokungabikho komthambo, ingaba ngumqondiso we-pathology ye-cardiovascular system. Emva koko i-placenta ihlolwe: kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuphelile ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba le-uterine. Emva kokuqinisekiswa kobugqwetha be-placenta, umbelethisi uyaqaphela ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umama nomntwana baziva kakuhle, umbelethisi ushiya egumbini ukuze avumele ukuthetha nomntwana, kwaye uqale ukucoca. Nangona umama ephumla, umbelethisi unceda uyise ukuba ahlambe umntwana osana. Emva koko ushiya indlu aze abuye kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuze aphinde ahlole umama nomntwana, kunye nokuphendula imibuzo yabazali. Umbelekazi uhambela intsapho emva kokuzalwa emva kokuzalwa kwaye uyaqhubeka ebeka iliso kwimeko yomama kwinyanga. Kwixesha eliphumayo, kuyanconywa ukunciphisa ukutyelelwa kwabahlobo kunye neentsapho ukunika ixesha lomama kunye nomntwana ukuphumla nokuvuselela amandla. Ngoku siyazi ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana ngaphandle kwesibhedlele sokubeleka kungenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo.