Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ukubetha, ngokufuthwa (ukufunyanwa), umzimba ongaphandle kwiindlela zokuphefumula. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo nabantwana abancinci abasebenzisa izinto ezincinci ngexesha lo mdlalo, okanye batyhila ukutya ngexesha besondla. Iintlobo zezinto ezincinci zingangena kwindawo yokuphefumula yabantwana. Umzimba wakwamanye amazwe kwiphepha eliphezulu lokuphefumula kubantwana lingasongela ubomi babo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza kwingcali. I-ENT-oogqirha bavame ukukhipha kwimpumlo, imiphunga, i-bronchi, i-larynx kunye ne-trachea yabantwana zonke iintlobo zezinto ezincinane, amathoyizi kunye nendawo yokutya.
Umntwana ufunda ihlabathi, kwaye ubeka izinto ezininzi emlonyeni wakhe. Uninzi lweziganeko zesifiso zivela nabantwana ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Umsebenzi wokugwinya komntwana ukhula kuphela, ngoko ke abantwana bahlala bexhamla ukutya kunye nokutya okuqinileyo.
Abantwana abancinci abakwazi ukuchaza oko kwenzeka, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha abantu abadala baya kumaziko ogqirha ukuze bancede xa kuphelile.
Into yangaphandle kwiindlela zokuphefumula.
Ukungena kumgangatho ophezulu wokuphefumula, umzimba wesinye isiqhelo uvimba i-lumen ye-trachea kunye ne-bronchi. Ukuba umoya uvinjiwe ngenye indlela, akuyi kufinyelela kwimiphunga aze aphume xa ekhutshwa. Ukuba umoya uvinjiwe ngokupheleleyo, umoya ungena emiphungeni, kodwa akukho phumlo lwenzeka. Ngokukhutshwa okupheleleyo kwendlela yokuphefumula, into yangaphandle yenza njengevenge, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuncedisa ngokukhawuleza umntwana. Wonke umzali unyanzelekile ukuba azi indlela yokubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala kulo mzekelo.
Into engaphandle iyakwazi ukulungiswa kwiphepha lokuphefumula, okanye "ukuhamba" kuyo. Ukuba into yangaphandle iwela kwi-larynx okanye i-trachea kwaye uncedo lokuqala lokuqala alufuniswanga, ukufa komntwana kungenzeka kwimimbalwa embalwa.
Umzimba wasemzini kwiphepha lokuphefumula kwabantwana. Iimpawu kunye nokuxilongwa.
Iimpawu:
- Isikhubekiso esingalindelekanga;
- Ukuphefumula nokuphefumula komsindo;
- Isikhumba se-Cyanotic;
- Ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- Xa ekhala, ilizwi elithulu, elithulukileyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo into engekho mnye ingena kwi-bronchi ngelixa umntwana engalindelekanga. Kule meko, abazali abanakucacisa izizathu zokuba kutheni le mpawu ibonakale. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucinga ukuba umntwana unobanda, kwaye ungayi kudokotela, kodwa qalise ukuzonyango. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kubomi bentsana. Ukuba izinto ezinokuphefumula ziyakhusela ngokusisigxina i-bronchi, umntwana unokufumana izifo ezahlukeneyo:
- Emphysema;
- Pneumonia;
- Pneumothorax;
- Pneumonia;
- Pleurisy;
- I-asthma yeBronchial.
Ukutya okungena kwindawo yokuphefumula kungaqala ukubola, kubangele, ngoko, ukuvutha, okuyingozi kakhulu kubomi bomntwana.
Xa kukho nayiphi na insolo yokufuna nokupheliswa kwendlela yokuphefumula, umntwana udinga uncedo lokuqala oluphuthumayo. Emva koko uthathe umntwana ngokukhawuleza ugqirha.
Ngokusekelwe kwibali labazali kunye nemiqondiso yezinto ezifunayo, izazi ezinokuzazi ziza kugqiba malunga nesifiso. Nangona nayiphi na impawu yokufunyanwa njengesifo esongeziweyo, umntwana unikezwa ukuxilongwa kwe-X-ray, i-tracheobronchoscopy, i-excusation.
Uncedo lokuqala.
- Ukuba umntwana uyambethela into engumntu ongekho, kuyimfuneko ukuthambisa umzimba womntwana ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye uxhamle intendeni emva phakathi kwamagxa ehlombe. Ukuba into yangaphandle ayifikanga, phinda inqubo yezihlandlo eziliqela.
- Ukuba into yangaphandle ifike ekhaleni lomntwana, mcele ukuba aphule. Ukuba ngenxa yeso sigxina umzimba ongasesekhoyo usempumleni, kufuneka ufike esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphambi kokuba unike uncedo lokuqala, umntwana kufuneka eme okanye ahlale kwaye angahlali. Awukwazi ukuzama ukufumana into ngaphandle.
- Indlela eyona ndlela iphumelelayo: ukumbamba umntwana emva, ukwenzela ukuba izandla zivalelwe kwisitshixo kwisisu ngaphantsi kwembambo. Iziqendu ezinqabileyo zimele zicinywe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwisigodi se-epigastric maxesha amaninzi. Phinda ukwamkela amaxesha amaninzi.
- Ukuba inkomo ilahlekelwe ingqalelo, kuyimfuneko ukubeka isisu sayo emadolweni aguqe, ukuze intloko yentsana ibe yinto ephantsi kakhulu. Ngako oko, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukubetha isundu phakathi kwamantombazana entsana. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, phinda inqubo yezihlandlo eziliqela.
- Ngokukhawuleza unokubiza i-ambulensi.
Ukunyanga komntwana kunye nomzimba wasemzini kwi-airways kuququzelelwe kumasebe e-ENT akhethekileyo. Unyango luqhutywa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele ngoncedo lwetracheobronoscopy okanye i-endoscopic forceps ekhethekileyo.
Emva kokuba into yangaphandle ikhutshwe kwindlela yokuhamba yintsana, imiselwe unyango ukukhusela ukuqala kwesibindi. Umntwana unikezelwa ikhosi ye-antibiotics, i-physiotherapy, i-massage kunye ne-gymnastics yezokwelapha. Utyando olunzima luxhomekeke kwinkimbinkimbi yokutshatyalaliswa kwenkqubo yokuphefumula kunye neqondo loxinzelelo.
Ukuba umzimba ongaphandle awukwazi ukukhishwa kwindlela yokuphefumula yintsana, okanye ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhusela ukuphuma kwegazi okanye inkcenkceshe engenanto, ingenelelo yokutyathisa isetyenziswa.
Emva kokupheliswa kwonyango lomntwana kufuneka abone udokotela we-ENT. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva koko, uviwo olongezelelweyo kunye nophatho lwephepha lokuphefumula ukuba lingabandakanyi iinkqubo ezifihlakeleyo zesifo.
Ukuthintela i-ingress yamanyathelo angaphandle kwiindawo zokuphefumula zabantwana.
Ukuphefumula kuyinto imeko esongela ubomi. Abazali bafanele bajonge ngokukhawuleza umntwana. Ungashiyi umntwana wakho wedwa. Musa ukunika amathoyizi ebantwaneni ngeenkcukacha ezincinci, nakubantu abadala.
Akukhuthazwa ukunyusa umntwana kunye nembewu, amantongomane, iiperesi, iiskese ezincinci okanye amajikijolo apheleleyo. Musa ukutyhila umntwana wakho engozini.
Bobabini abazali kufuneka bakwazi ukunika uncedo lokuqala xa kwenzeka isongelo ebomini bomntwana.