Unyango lweentsholongwane kunye nezifo ekukhulelweni

Ngoku ukuba ukhulelwe, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kuyingozi kakhulu kuwe, kuba kunokukhokelela ekukhuselweni okubuhlungu kumntwana. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, xa kungekhona zonke izitho zomntwana ezenziwe ngokupheleleyo. Indlela yokunyanga iintsholongwane kunye nezifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye yintoni enokuyenza, funda ngezantsi.

Rubella

Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-15 (ngokuqhelekileyo i-rubella egula ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-7). Intshukumo yeyona nto iwela entwasahlobo. Umama ozayo unokusuleleka, umzekelo, ukusuka kumntwana omdala okanye ngabahlobo bakhe. Esi sifo sithengiswa ngokulula ngamaconsi okanye ngokuthintana ngokuthe ngqo kunye namathambo okanye iimfihlo ezivela ekhaleni lomguli.

Iimpawu: Ziyabonakala kuphela emva kweveki ezintathu emva kokusuleleka. Kukho i-malaise ejwayelekile, intloko, imisipha kunye nentsebenziswano, kunye ne-conjunctivitis. Kamva, emva kweentsuku ezi-2-5, kukho ukukhawuleza (emva kweendlebe, ngoko kwi-trunk kunye neengalo). Konke oku kuhambelana nokukhwabanisa kwe-lymph nodes entanyeni nasentanyeni yentamo.
Ukuba uye wadibana nesigulane nge rubella - jonga ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ngelishwa, akukho zixhobo ezichanekileyo ezinxamnye ne-virus ye-rubella, kodwa kukho into efana nokuthi "ukuthintela okungahambiyo". Ngaphandle kokungabikho kwamagciwane anesifo se-immunoglobulin, ngelanga, akukho khuselo olupheleleyo kwiintsholongwane. Kufuneka uqhube ukuqhuba iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ubungqina benentsholongwane egazini (mhlawumbi phakathi kweyesithathu neyesine kwiiveki ukususela kumhla wokuqala kweempawu zokuqala).

Kunokuba kuyingozi kumntwana: Ngelishwa, kuyingozi kakhulu. Usulelo lwe-intrauterine luya kwenzeka nasiphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa umngcipheko lukhulu kunamaviki angama-17 (emva kwexesha eli, linciphisa kakhulu).
I-Rubella iyingozi, njengoko intsholongwane ithintela i-placenta kwaye ingena ngqo kwizitho zomntwana, ibangele ingozi. Musa ukukhathazeka ngomntwana wakho ukuba ugule nge rubella ebuntwaneni okanye ugonywe (le yindlela kuphela yokukhusela lesi sifo.) Ehlabathini, ezo zitofu zicetyiswa ngeenyanga ezili-15 (ugonyo oluchasene nesifo semasel, i-mumps kunye ne-rubella), ngoko kumantombazana 13-14 kunye abafazi abangenawo ama-antibodies. Ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumama kwaye awuzange ugonywe kwaye ungenayo i-antibodies egazini lakho - ugonywe ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okucwangcisiweyo.

Herpes

Oku akusiyo kuphela isicatshulwa esiyinkathazo ebonakalayo kweso iso. Esi sifo esinzima sivelisa iintlobo ezimbini zegciwane le-herpes simplex kunye ne-herpes genitalia. Eyokuqala inoxanduva lokusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunye neembumba zomzimba zomzimba, kwaye okwesibini - ukutshatyalaliswa (ukujolisa) kwezesondo. Xa iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni, zihlala zihlala kuyo rhoqo. Bahlala kwimeko evulekileyo kwinkqubo yenzwa. Ukuze uzisebenze, udinga ukungonakaliswa kwe-immunity, umkhuhlane, ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo ilanga okanye uxinzelelo olunzima.

Iimpawu: Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zivumba ezakha ngokukhawuleza kwaye zenze i-crusts emlonyeni. Kodwa i-herpes ingahlakulela kwi-mucosa yangasese, i-conjunctiva kunye ne-cornea (kubangela ukuvuvukala), kunye nezocini. Ukuba usulelekile nge-herpes ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ungakulibali ukudibana nodokotela wakho. Mhlawumbi uya kukuthumela esibhedlele unyango. Ukutyelela iofisi yeengcali ukuba usulelo luyabonakalisa kwakhona ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ugqirha uya kumisela i-Acyclovir - isichengululo se-anti-drug, esivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

Kunokuba kuyingozi kumntwana: I-virus ye-herpes iyingozi kakhulu kumntwana. Usulelo lwexesha elizayo lunokubangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu okanye ukuzala kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Umngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu xa ibhinqa linama-herpes omzimba ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Kule meko, oogqirha banokuthi banike isahlulo sokugcina. Musa ukucwangcisa ukukhulelwa ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa kwayo nayiphi na intsholongwane, kuba i-herpes ephindaphindiweyo iyenzeka xa kwenzeka ukumelana nomzimba. Ukukhulelwa kwexeshana kuyabuthathaka ukukhuseleka-ngexesha lokugula kungabulala umntwana. Emva kokubeletha, unokunyamekela ukuba uthathe ucoceko, ungachukumisi i-scab uze uhlambe izandla rhoqo. Ukuba unayo i-herpes emlonyeni wakho-ungamanga umntwana! Kwakhona awukwazi ukuncedisa isifuba ngexesha lesiganeko sesi sifo. Xhumana nogqirha wakho-uya kukuxelela xa unokuqala ukondla.

Chickenpox

Intsho yentsholongwane yenkukhu (inkukhu yenkukhu) yileli qela lifana ne-herpes virus kunye ne-cytomegalovirus. Njengomthetho, i-smallpox igula kwasebuncinaneni. Kubantwana, intsholongwane ayinakuyingozi, kodwa intsholongwane emntwaneni ongakazalwa ingabangela ukungalungi okukhulu.

Iimpawu: Inkukhu iqala ngokukhathala ngokubanzi kunye nomkhuhlane, ngoko i-torso, ubuso, imilenze, izibilini zomlenze zomlomo kunye nomphimbo zihlanganiswe ngokugqithisa. Ngethuba elifanayo kwesikhumba unako ukubona zonke izigaba zokubonakalisa intsholongwane: iipilisi zokuqala, ii-vesicle, i-pustules kunye ne-crusts.

Kunokuba kuyingozi kumntwana: Inkukhu iyingozi kakhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala sokukhulelwa - umntwana wakho unokuba neziphene zokuzalwa. Kwesiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa, umngcipheko wehla, kodwa ke isigaba esiyingozi kakhulu sibonakala emva nje kokuzalwa kwaye kungekudala emva koko. Ngeli xesha, ukubonakaliswa kwintsholongwane ye-smallpox ingabi yingozi kuphela kumntwana, kodwa kwezinye iimeko kumama ngokwakhe.

Ukuba uthe waqhagamshelana nesigulane nenkukhu, xhumana nodokotela. Abantu abaye bafumana inkukhu eninzi badla ingozi. Ukuba ungathandabuzeki, jonga kuphela igazi leengculazi. Ukuba kukho imeko yakho yokuba unge-immunity, uya kudlula ikhosi ye-immunoglobulin yokukhawuleza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wentsholongwane ephuma kwi-placenta. Kungcono ukuthatha ngosuku lwesine emva kokudibana nesigulane. Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye kuza kwintsholongwane, ugqirha uya kujonga ukuphuhliswa komntwana nge-ultrasound. Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, kufuneka ugonywe. Yenza oku ubuncinane inyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Cytomegaly

Intsholongwane iyadluliselwa ngamathe, igazi, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Usulelo luya kuba nemiphumo emibi ukuba intsholongwane ichaphazela umntwana ongakazalwa.

Iimpawu: Esi sifo sinokuthi singabonakali okanye senze ixesha elide lokuphumla. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakaliswe ngolu hlobo lokushisa "ukuxuma", ukukhulelwa komkhuhlane, intloko, intlungu, ukukhwehlela kunye ne-lymph nodes evuyiweyo entanyeni. I-Cytomegali yintsholongwane engozini, kodwa inqabileyo ukusuleleka ngexesha lokukhulelwa ayingathathi. Nangona kunjalo, qhagamshelana nogqirha ukuba uyazi ukuba unxulumane nesigulane. Unokuyihlola igazi kwaye ubone ukuba unayo i-antibodies. Kodwa khumbula ukuba ubukho babo abukhuseli umntwana kwiintsholongwane-ngoko ke, kungcono ukwenza ezo zifundo rhoqo. Geza izandla zakho rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Gwema ukudibanisa nomchamo kunye nemali yabantwana abancinci.

Ukunyanga iintsholongwane kunye nezifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oogqirha bazama ukusebenzisa iindlela ezingakumbi zokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kungasebenzi kwaye kufuneka uthathe ingozi ngokumisela amayeza anamandla. Kodwa kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ukungabi nonyango, nangona kunjalo, kubi kunokuba kuthathwe izixhobo ezinamandla. Iintsholongwane kunye nezifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa ziyingozi kwaye kufuneka ziphathwe ngazo zonke iindlela ezikhoyo.