Abantwana bavame ukufumana urhudo. Njalo xa thina-abazali sinoyika. Kuyaqondakala - umntwana uyakhala, isisu sakhe sibuhlungu, isitulo sinamanzi, ngamanye amaxesha unakho ngisho nefiva. Yintoni oku kuhlaselwa? Kuvela ukuba "ukuhlaselwa" kule meko kunokuhluka. Idayarrha ibangelwa zizizathu ezihluke ngokupheleleyo. Ifomu eyingozi kakhulu nelingathandekiyo kwesi sifo isifo sohudo. Akalondolozi nabantwana abancinci, bezisela ubunzima kubo kunye nabazali babo. Ngoko, yiyiphi intsholongwane echaphazelekayo kubantwana kunye nendlela yokujongana nayo? Lo mbuzo unokuvela ngamnye kuthi, kwaye ngexesha elibi kakhulu.
Iimbangela zesifo sohudo olusasazekayo kubantwana.
- Usulelo lwe-intestinal luyimbangela eqhelekileyo (igama lonyango losulelo lwe-intestinal - gastroenteritis)
Intsholongwane yinto ebangela isifo sohudo oluchaphazelekayo. Kwaye, akayedwa. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentsholongwane, amagama awona awona nto ayinikiyo. Into ephambili yokukhumbula kukuba iifayili ezahlukileyo zihanjiswa ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu onxibelelana naye okanye xa, umzekelo, umntu osulelekileyo uyilungiselela ukutya kwabanye. Ingakumbi baphantsi koonyana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukutyhelwa kokutya (ukutya okungcolileyo) kubangela ezinye iimeko zesifo sohudo. Zininzi iintlobo zeebhaktheriya ezinokubangela ubuthi bokutya. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo yi-salmonella.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi obonakele ngamagciwane okanye ezinye izifo eziphilayo kukubangela oluqhelekileyo lwesifo sohudo, ngokukodwa kumazwe anokuhlambulula ucoceko.
- Izizathu ezingezangezisulelo ze-diarrhea ezinqabileyo zingabonakali kubantwana. Ngokomzekelo, i-colitis (ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu), ukunganyameki kokutya kunye neengxaki ezinqabileyo zamathumbu ezinqabileyo.
Izibonakaliso zesifo sohudo oluchaphazelekayo kubantwana.
Izibonakaliso zinokusukela kwisifo esichukumisayo esiswini ngosuku okanye ezimbini ukuya kwintlungu yokudonsa amanzi ezininzi iintsuku eziliqela okanye ngaphezulu. Ubuhlungu besisu buqhelekile. Ubuhlungu bunokukhululeka ixesha elilodwa emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese. Kwakhona, umntwana unokufumana ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane kunye nentloko.
I-diarrhea ivame ukuhlala iintsuku eziliqela okanye ngaphezulu. I-stool ye-liquol inokuqhubeka iveki okanye njalo ngaphambi kokuba ibuyele eqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zihlala ixesha elide.
Iimpawu zokungcola.
Uhudo kunye nokuhlanza kungabangela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi (ukungabikho komzimba emzimbeni). Xhumana nogqirha wakho ukuba uyakrokreka ukuba umntwana wakho uya kuphelelwa amanzi. Uhlobo olulula lokungcoliswa kwamanzi luyakwamkelwa kwaye, ngokusemthethweni, lukhawuleza kwaye lukhawuleza ludlule emva kokuthatha umbane ngaphakathi. Ukukhulelwa kwamanzi okunzulu kunokusinda xa kungashiywanga, ngokuba umzimba udinga umlinganiselo othile wokusebenza.
- Izibonakaliso zokungcoliswa kwamanzi kubantwana ziquka: ukuncipha kwinani lomchamo, umlomo owomileyo kunye nolwimi, amehlo anelanga, ubuthathaka, ukucaphuka okanye ukunyaniseka.
- Iimpawu zokungcoliswa kwamanzi kubuninzi kubandakanya ukulala, isikhumba esiluhlaza, izandla ezibandayo kunye neenyawo, ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza. Ngeempawu ezinjalo, kunyanzeliswa unyango lwengxamisekileyo!
Ukudakalisa amanzi okudlulileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke:
- Abantwana abancinci - ngokukodwa kwiminyaka eyi-6.
- Naliphi na abantwana abangasiphuli ngokwaneleyo ukurhuda ihudo.
- Naliphi na abantwana abanesifo sohudo kunye nokuhlanza.
Unyango lohudo oluchaphazelekayo kubantwana.
Iimpawu zisoloko zixazululwe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye kunjalo, ekubeni isistim sokuzivikela sisoloko sihlambulukileyo sisifo. Ezi zilandelayo zinyathelo looncedo lokuqala lokuqala lwe-diarrhea:
Umbane. Vumela umntwana wakho asele kakhulu.
Injongo kukuthintela ukungcola kwamanzi okanye ukunyanga ukukhulelwa kwamanzi xa sele sele iqhubekile. Kodwa khumbula: ukuba uyakrokreka ukuba umntwana wakho ungciniwe - kufuneka udibane nodokotela! Ugqirha uya kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka kunikwe umbane kangakanani. Ukuthintela ukungcola kwamanzi, ngesifo sohudo, umntwana wakho kufuneka atye ubuncinane kabini njengoko edla ngokusela emini. Kwaye, ngaphezu koko, njengesikhokelo, qiniseka ukumnika isiselo emva kokuba isityibililo samanzi ngasinye senze umgangatho we-fluid elahlekileyo:
- Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini: 50-100 ml (ukusuka kwikota ukuya kwisiqingatha glasi) yamanzi.
- Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-2 ukuya ku-10: 100-200 ml (ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya kwiglasi enye) yamanzi.
- Abantwana abaneminyaka yobudala: ubuninzi bemithombo njengoko bafuna, kodwa kungekhona ngaphantsi kwama-200 ml.
Ukuba umntwana uyagula, linda ama-5-10 imizuzu, uze uqale ukunika isiselo kwakhona, kodwa ngezinga elincinci (umzekelo, iifuni ezimbini nganye imizuzu 2-3). Nangona kunjalo, inani elityilisiweyo kufuneka liphezulu.
Iziphuzo zokuphucula amanzi zilungele ukuhanjiswa. Zathengiswa kwiingxowa ezikhethekileyo ezingathengwa kumayeza. Zingafumaneka kwakhona ngomyalelo. Ucoca nje okubhalwe kwi-sachet yamanzi. Iziphuzo zokuphucula amanzi zibonelela ngokulinganisela kwamanzi, ityuwa kunye noshukela. Ba bhetele ngaphezu kwamanzi okusela alula. Inani elincinci leswekile kunye netyuwa livumela amanzi ukuba afakwe kakuhle kumathumbu emzimbeni. Okuselayo kukubalulekileyo ekukhuseleni okanye kunyango lokudambisa amanzi. Ungasebenzisi iziphuzo ezizenzekelayo - isixa setyuwa kunye noshukela kufuneka lichaneke! Ukuba iziphuzo zokuphucula amanzi azifumaneki kuwe, vele unike umntwana wamanzi njengesiselo esiyintloko. Kungcono ukuba unganiki iziphuzo ezinomlinganiselo omkhulu ushukela. Banokunyusa isifo sohudo. Ngokomzekelo, gweba iisiphu zejusi, i-colas okanye ezinye iziphuzo ze-carbon kuze kube yilapho uhudo luphela.
Unyango lwe-dehydration ngowona kuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho akaphelelwa amanzi (amaninzi amatyala), okanye ukuba ukupheliswa kwamanzi kuphelile, unokubuyisela umntwana kwisondlo esiqhelekileyo. Musa ukulala nendlala ngumntwana onesifo sohudo! Oku bekuye kwacetyiswa ngugqirha, kodwa ngoku kuyaqinisekiswa ukuba le ndlela engafanelekanga! Ngoko:
- Iintsana ezibelekileyo kufuneka ziqhubeke nokunyamezela ukuba zithatha. Oku kwongezwa kwiingxube ezongezelelweyo zokuhambisa amanzi (kuchazwe ngasentla).
- Ukutya iintsana ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka kufumane ukutya njengesiqhelo, ukuba bayayamkela. Kwakhona, oku kudibanisa kwiingxube ezongezelelweyo zokuphucula amanzi (kuchazwe ngasentla).
- Abantwana abadala - banikele ukutya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akafuni ukutya, kuhle. Iziphuzo zibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ukutyiwa kokutya kunokulibaziseka kude kube yinto yokubuyiswa kwesidlo.
Xa ungeke ukwazi ukuthatha amayeza.
Akufanele unike amayeza ukunqanda ukurhobhoza kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12. Aphephile kubantwana ngenxa yeengxaki ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, unako ukunika i-paracetamol okanye ibuprofen ukukhupha umkhuhlane okanye intloko.
Ukuba iimpawu azizinzulu, okanye ziqhubeka iintsuku eziliqela okanye ngaphezulu, ugqirha unokucela isampuli yesitoloni. Uya kuthunyelwa kwibhubhoratri ukuze abone ukuba kukho isifo kwiibhakteria (ibhakteria, izidumbu, njl njl.). Ngamanye amaxesha udinga i-antibiotic okanye ezinye iintlobo zonyango, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo.
Amachiza kunye neengxaki.
Iingxaki ziquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ukungazinzi kunye ne-saline (electrolyte) ukungalingani emzimbeni. Le ngxaki eqhelekileyo. Idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwifom elula kwaye ngokukhawuleza ibuyiselwe xa umntwana eqala ukufumana umbane owaneleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umntwana ubhekene nobunzima bokungcoliswa kwamanzi umzimba, kufuneka abekwe esibhedlele ukwenzela umjovo ochanekileyo we-fluid kwi-vein nge-dropper.
- I-Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Oku kuyinto engavumelekanga. Siyisifo esingaholela ekuphelelweni kwezintso. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kubangelwa izifo zamathumbu ezibangelwa ngamagciwane.
- Iingxaki zokusebenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezinye izitho "zisabela" kwintsholongwane ekhula emathunjini. Ingabangela iimpawu ezifana ne-arthritis, ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo (conjunctivitis).
- Ukusasaza isifo kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Le yiphumo elincinane kakhulu.
- Ukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kunokuncedisa ekuphuhlisweni kwezifo ezithintekayo ngamathumbu.
- Ama-syndromes angapheliyo wesifo sohudo angathuthuka, kodwa kakhulu kunqabile.
- Ngesinye isikhathi i-irritable syndrome isifo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwesifo sohudo.
Umele ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo. Ukuba ukhathazekile:
- Ukunyanzeliswa kwamanzi emzimbeni womntwana.
- Igazi kwi-stool.
- Ukutshabalalisa ngaphezu kwelanga elilodwa okanye urhudo, olungahambi emva kweentsuku eziyi-3-4.
- Ubuhlungu buyanda.
- Ukulala okanye ukunyaniseka.
- Unokuthi unokusuleleka kumazwe aphesheya.
Ukubeka umntwana esibhedlele ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuba iimpawu ezinzima okanye ukuba iingxaki ziyaqhubeka.
Ezinye iingcebiso.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sohudo, geza izandla ngokugqibeleleyo emva kokutshintsha ii-diapers nangaphambi kokulungiselela ukutya. Eyona ndlela, sebenzisa isepha yomlambo kumanzi afudumeleyo, kodwa kunye nesepha eyomileyo, into efanayo, ingcono kunento. Kwabantwana abadala, ukuba banesifo sohudo oluchaphazelekayo, oku kulandelayo kunconywa:
- Hlanganisa indlu yangasese rhoqo emva kokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, sebenzisa i-disinfectants (umzekelo, i-bleaches yasekhaya).
- Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana bahlamba izandla emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese. Ngokufanelekileyo, sebenzisa isepha yamanzi emanzini afudumele. Sula izandla zakho zome emva kokuhlamba.
- Musa ukwabelana ngamathambo!
- Ungavumeli ukuba bancedise ukulungiselela abanye ukutya.
- Bamele baphume esikolweni, kumakhaya, njl., Ubuncinci ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kwesigxina sokugqibela sohudo nokuhlanza.
- Akufanele bahlambe emachibini kwiiveki ezimbini emva kwesigxina sokugqibela sohudo.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukukhusela uhudo oluchaphazelekayo?
Iziphakamiso kwicandelo langaphambili zijoliswe ekukhuseleni ukusasazeka kwabanye abantu. Kodwa, nangona umntwana engaqhagamshelana nabangamaziyo, ukuba ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo, ukulungiselela nokupheka, ucoceko olulungileyo lunikezelwa endlwini, konke oku kunceda ukunqanda izifo zamathumbu emathunjini. Ngokukhethekileyo, soloko uhlamba izandla uze ufundise abantwana ukuba benze njalo ixesha:
- Emva kokutyelela indlu yangasese (nangemva kokutshintsha i-diapers).
- Ngaphambi kokutya. Kwaye, emva kokupheka inyama eluhlaza. Kukho iibhaktheriya.
- Emva kweeklasi zokulima.
- Emva kokudlala kunye nezilwanyana (kunye nezilwanyana ezinempilo zingaphatha ibhaktheriya ethile eyingozi).
Umlinganiselo ongezantsi wokuhlamba izandla rhoqo kwaye ngokucacileyo, njengoko kwaziwa, kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuphuhlisa izifo zamathumbu kunye nesifo sohudo.
Kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okulondoloza. Umzekelo, thintela ukufumana amanzi kunye nezinye iziphuzo ezingenakukhuseleka, kwaye ungadli ukutya ngaphandle kokuwahlanza ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo.
Ukuxiliswa kwakhona kukukhuselwa okuthile. Kwabantwana ababelethwe ngamabele, amathuba okuphucula i-diarrhea echaphazelekayo aphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neintsana ngokusondeza okufakelwayo.
Iigonya.
Kuye kwabonakaliswa ukuba i-rotavirus iyona nto ibangela isifo sohudo olusasazekayo kubantwana. Kukhona isitofu esipheleleyo sokuthintela ukusuleleka kwe-rotavirus. Kwamazwe amaninzi, ugonyo oluchasene nale ntsholongwane luyimfuneko. Kodwa oku kugonywa "kukuzonwabisa" kungekhona kwixabiso elincinci. Ngenxa yoko, kwilizwe lethu lingafumaneka kuphela kwiiklinikhi ezithile ngokuhlawula imali.