Nangona unina unethuba lokuhlala ekhaya nosana ngaphambi kokuya esikolweni, akufanele wenze oku. Ukuze uphuhliso olufanelekileyo, kufuneka adlulane nabanye abantwana kwaye aye kwi-kindergarten.
Kwinqanaba lokulungiselela ukuqokelela onke amaxwebhu, kubalulekile ukuba ube nesatifiketi sazo zonke izitofu ezifunekayo. Ukuba ngabazali ngenxa yezizathu zabanye benqabile ukugonya, ulawulo lwezontanga lungenalo ukubhalisa umntwana onjalo. Kule mfuneko kuyimfuneko ukukhangela umyezo wangasese, oya kuvuma ukumkela umntwana ngaphandle kokugonywa.
Zonke izitofu kufuneka zenziwe kwangaphambili, ukuze umzimba unethuba lokuhlakulela umzimba. Kungcono ukuthobela yonke imigomo yokugonywa, kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ungaphuthelwa.
Ubukho be-vaccins eziyimfuneko kunokulungiselela ukukhuseleka komntwana kwimiphumo yezinto ezincinci. Ziyakhusela nomzimba kwizifo ezimbi.
Izigulane ezisisigxina zomyezo:
- I-Poliomyelitis, i-tetanus, ukukhwehlela nokukhupha i-diphtheria.
Ezi ziigonyane zokugonywa, okufuneka ukuba zenzeke ngeminyaka emi-2. Abaninzi bayazi ukuba ukugonywa ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela kunzima kakhulu kwaye akubi. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba esi sifo siyingozi kakhulu kubomi kunye nempilo yomntwana. I-Pertussis isasazeke kwaye ayifanele ithathwe, kodwa kungcono ukuzikhusela ngesitofu.
- I-Rubella - parotitis - imasese
Abanye abazali bayayenqaba ukugonywa. Ziyakhuthaza oku ngenxa yokuba umntwana ufanele ahlupheke kubo. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukucinga ngemiphumo emibi yezi zifo. Xa usulele isifo semasisi, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kunokwenzeka, kunokuchaphazela ingqondo, abanye baya kuhlala bekhubazekile ubomi. Futhi i-parotitis inefuthe elinamandla kwinkqubo yokuzala, ingakumbi imakhwenkwe.
Esi sitofu senziwa kanye, njengentlangano yesithathu. Musa ukwahlula kwiindawo ezininzi. Kulo luya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ukuba umntwana sele egule kwesinye sezifo eziluhlu, icandelo elifanelekileyo lisuswe kwisitofu. Ukungakhuselekanga emva kwesi sifo kuya kubumba ngokuzimela.
- I-Hepatitis B kunye nesifo sofuba
Indlela eyona nto yokudlulisa lolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis yi-ingress ngqo egazini lomntu osulelekileyo kumzimba womntu, kunye nobudlelwane bezesondo. Ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B kulula ukunyamezela.
Ikliniki ngokusekelwe kwikharityhulam yezokwelapha yenza inkunkuma apho zonke izitofu ziboniswa. Zangeniswa kwikhadi elikhethekileyo, eliphantsi kokudluliselwa kwiziko lezingane. Iya kugcinwa ngumongikazi, oya kuthi aqhubeke esweni iliso lokugonywa kwabantwana. Ukuba umntwana unokurhoxiswa kwizigulana ngezizathu zonyango, abantwana abanjalo bayavunyelwa kwi-kindergarten.
Ukuba abazali bafuna ukukhusela umntwana wabo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukugonywa okongezelelweyo kuyimfuneko ngaphambi kokutyelela i-kindergarten. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba abantwana baphephe izifo ezininzi eziyingozi.
Oogqirha bancomela ukuba bagonywe malunga ne-hepatitis A. Kwi-kindergarten, iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusulela isifo zenziwe. I-Hepatitis A inefuthe elinamandla kwisibindi. Emva kokugonywa kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, unokufumana umkhuhlane omncinci okanye i-malaise.
Usulelo lwe-Meningococcal luyingozi kakhulu. Yibangela ukuqala kwe-meningitis, ebonakaliswa ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwama-mening. Ukugonywa kwenziwa kwiinyanga ezili-6 ubudala kwaye akukho mpendulo enkulu. Ukuba ubomvu obuncinane bendawo yokuxela.
Ehlobo, unokufumana inani elikhulu lamakethi. Bahamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwiidolophu kwaye bafumaneke phantse yonke indawo. Ngenxa yokuluma kwabo, i-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekhakiti ingenzeka, enemiphumo emibi kakhulu. Ukukhusela umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugonywe, equlethe i-virus engenakuphila.
Ngethuba lekwindla, ungagoma malunga nomkhuhlane. Kubantwana abancinci, akukho ukhuselo lwendalo kumkhuhlane. Kodwa kukufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba phambi kweqanda ukuphefumula, kuphelelwa ngokupheleleyo.