Impawu zonyango
Iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia kwaye zibandakanya:
- ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo;
- ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo;
- intlungu okanye intlungu yesifuba;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- utywala kunye nokuphelelwa amandla.
Abaninzi bethu bayazi ukuba "ukunyuka" kwentliziyo (i-extrasystoles). Le nto ibonakala ingenangxaki kwaye idinga ukuhlolwa kuphela ngokuhlaselwa rhoqo. Ukuphambana kweengqungquthela zenhliziyo kwenzeka xa ukulandelana ngokuqhelekileyo kweentlobo zentliziyo ye-muscle kuphulwa. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ze-arthmia. I-pacemaker (i-ninoatrial node) ayikwazi ukuqala inkqubo yombane. Kwisifo senhliziyo, i-pathological foci yomsebenzi wombane inokuvela, ibangela iziphambano ezongezelelweyo. Ukwephulwa kwamandla kagesi.
Izizathu zonyango
Ezinye iimeko zingasusa i-arrhythmias. Phakathi kwazo:
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
- isicic heart disease;
- ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo;
- i-cardiomyopathy (isifo sesisu senhliziyo);
- ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kotywala;
- ukumbumbana kwamapulmoni;
- hyperthyroidism.
Phantse enye yesithathu yezigulane ezithatha uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-arrhythmia - fibrillation ye-asethi, ayikwazi ukuchonga nayiphi na isizathu esinjongo. IArrhythmias inokuchaphazela zombini amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria) kunye namagumbi angaphantsi (ama-ventricles). Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-arrhythmias: tachycardia, apho izinga lentliziyo liphezulu kakhulu, kunye ne-bradycardia, apho liphantsi kakhulu. Iindidi ezithile ze-arhythmias ziquka ezi zilandelayo. I-fibrillation ye-Atrial yinto engavamile kakhulu yesiqhelo senhliziyo, apho isantya senhliziyo esheshayo ihamba kunye nesiqhelo esingavumelekanga. Le meko inokuhlala isigxina okanye i-paroxysmal kwaye ixhaphakile kubantu abadala. I-Nadzheludochkovaya tachycardia - ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abatsha. I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular - kule ndlela ye-arrhythmia, i-patrigical stimulus ivela kwi-ventricles, engakhokelela ekuphuhliseni uhlobo olubi lwe-arrhythmia efuna unyango oluphuthumayo. Gcwalisa i-cardiac blockade - iimpembelelo zombane ezivela kwi-atria azifiki kwii-ventricles. Ixabiso lentliziyo linciphisa ngokukhawuleza. I-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome isifo esingaqhelekanga sokuzalwa esibangela isantya senhliziyo esheshayo. Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kukungabi nako konke ukukhubazeka kwesifo senhliziyo. Ukuxilongwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokubala i-pulse kwi-radial artery endaweni yesandla kwaye uphulaphule intliziyo. Kwizigulane ezininzi, ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa yi-electrocardiography (ECG). Ekubeni ezinye iindidi ze-arrhythmias zihamba ngokukhawuleza, ukurekhodwa kwe-ECG imihla ngemihla kungasetyenziswa usebenzisa idivayisi ephathekayo. Ukongeza, ugqirha unokumisela iimvavanyo zegazi ukufumanisa i-anemicia, kunye ne-x-ray esifubeni.
Forecast
Ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwentliziyo. Oku kungakhokelela ekuthintekeni kwegazi kwi-heart muscle (ischemia), ukuphulwa komsebenzi onentsebenziswano yentliziyo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukufa kwi-fibrillation ye-atrial kuphindwe kabini kunabantu.
Umngcipheko wesifo
Ukuphululwa komsebenzi onentsebenziswano yentliziyo kukhokelela ekubeni inxalenye yegazi ihlala kwi-atria, eya kudala imeko yokwenza i-thrombi. Ezi ntshukumo zingaphumelela kwiinqanawa ukuya kwiimpawu ezikude, umzekelo, kwingqondo, ngokuphuhliswa kwesifo. Umngcipheko wesifo sokubethwa yi-stroke ngu-5% ngokwemvelo kwaye isasazeka ngeminyaka yobudala, kunye nokusukela komfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, isifo sikashukela kunye nesifo senhliziyo. Izigulane ezingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60 abangenayo ingozi engentla ingengozini ephantsi yokulwa nesifo.
Ukuxhatshazwa
Ininzi intliziyo ye-arrhythmias ayinqabile kubantu abancinci, kodwa i-frequency yabo iyanda ngokukhula. I-fibrillation ye-Atrial yiyona nto kuphela; ichaphazela 1% yabemi abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-65 ubudala kunye no-5% wabantu abangaphezu kwama-65. Phantse i-50% yezigulane ezine-fibrillation ye-atrial zineminyaka engama-75 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukunyanga kwama-arrhythmias kuyahluka ngohlobo lwabo. Phakathi kweendlela zokonyango: unyango lweziyobisi yindlela eqhelekileyo yonyango lwe-tachycardia. Ngokomzekelo, izidakamizwa ezikhethiweyo kwi-fibrillation ye-atrial yi-toxin enganciphisa izinga lentliziyo. Ezinye iziyobisi ezisetyenzisiweyo ziquka i-verapamil kunye ne-beta-blockers; i-cardioversion - isebenzisa uchungechunge lokukhutshwa kombane kwindawo yesifuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia. Le nkqubo inokubuyisela isigqithiso senhliziyo esivamile kwizigulane ezineendlela ezinzima ze-tachycardia; ukuxhoma kwe-radiofrequency ye-AV node kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwendlela yokugulisa umzimba; Ukubeka i-pacemaker - ngentlawulo yenhliziyo engaphantsi kwe-60 beats ngomzuzu kunye nezipapa eziphindaphindiweyo zokubanjwa komzimba, kufuneka kubekwe i-pacemaker yokufakelwa.
Thintelo
Ngokwezinga elithile, ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo kunokuthintelwa ngoncedo lweendlela eziqinisa impilo ye-intliziyo, oko kukuzivocavoca rhoqo, ukuyeka ukutya kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo. Naluphi na unyango, unyango lwe-cardiac arrhythmia luneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphelisa ingxaki kulo mzimba.