Uhlobo lwe-Eucalyptus (i-Latin Eucalyptus L'Her.) Idibanisa malunga neentlobo zezityalo ezingama-500 eziseMyrtov. Abameli beli gama likhula e-Australia, iIpilipiya Islands kunye neNew Guinea, iintlobo ezininzi zifumaneka kwiziqithi zaseMalay Archipelago.
Izityalo ezise-genus Eucalyptus zihlala ziluhlaza, iziqithi ezinqabileyo, imithi emikhulu kunye nezihlahla. Zithunyelwa kwiintlobo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza. Isiqu se-eucalyptus sinomgca we-cortical. Amaqabunga onke ahlangene, alula. Indawo yabo incike kwixesha lemifanekiso. Ngoko, kwizityalo ezincinci amaqabunga ayingqumbo, esecaleni. Kwi-eucalypt ekhulile, i-sessile okanye i-petioles, enye. Ubume bunokuba yi-lanceolate, oblong okanye ngeenxa zonke, ovate. Iindawo ezihlukeneyo, umbala weqabunga liluhlaza, luhlaza. Kuzo zininzi zeengqungquthela ezineoli eziyimfuneko. Iintyatyambo zenza i-umbelliform, i-corymbose okanye i-paniculate inflorescence ngaphandle kwexesha. Ngexesha lokuvula intyatyambo, i-cap iyalala. Amaninzi amaninzi; umbala omhlophe, obomvu, obomvu.
I-Eucalyptus ithathwa njengesityalo esibalulekileyo; iinkuni zazo zisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa njenge-arhente ye-tanning; amaqabunga awo kunye namahlumela asebenza njengezinto ezibonakalayo zokufumana ii-oyile ezibalulekileyo, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiyeza, i-perfume kunye ne-cosmetology, icandelo.
I-Eucalyptus iyimpilo yezityalo kwiindawo ezinobunzulu bomhlaba ophezulu, njengoko zithatha kwaye zikhuphuke amanzi ngamanzi amaninzi. Ezi zityalo zixabisekileyo kwi-greening yeendawo zokuhlala, abameli begrifti baqokelela kwiigadi zezityalo. Ngoko ekuqoqweni kweegadi zezityalo, kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo ezipholile zikhula ezinjalo njengezilwanyana ezinjenge-Eu. pulverulenta, Eu. resinifera, Eu. robusta, Eu. leucoxylon, Eu. Sideroxylon, Eu. obliqua, Eu. viminalis, nabanye.
Imiyalelo yokunakekela
Ukukhanyisa. I-Eucalyptus - isityalo esinyukayo kwindawo eqaqambileyo, sinokuthwala imisebe ngqo yelanga. Ungakhula isityalo kufuphi neefestile zezantsi. Kunconywa iifestile zaseMpumalanga neentshona-ntshona ukubeka i-eucalypt ezindaweni ezikhanyisiweyo. Ngasenyakatho kweefestile, isityalo siya kuziva ukusilela ekukhanyeni nokukhula okuqhelekileyo. Ehlobo, i-eucalyptus ifakwe kwindawo evulekileyo, kodwa kwinqanaba elongezelelekileyo lokukhanyisa kubalulekile ukuba uqhube isityalo ngokuthe ngcembe ukuze ugweme ukushisa kwelanga. Ngokufanayo, kufuneka ijwayele ukukhanya kwemitha yelanga emva kwexesha lekwindla-ebusika okanye ukufumana isityalo. Qinisekisa ukubeka i-eucalyptus kwindawo elula kakhulu ebusika.
Ulawulo lokushisa. Kwixesha elifudumeleyo, isityalo se-ecucptus sidinga udidi lweqondo lokushisa lwe-24-26 ° C, ekwindla kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ukuya kwi-16-17 ° C. Ukubonelela ngesityalo ngokuqhubela phambili kwomoya omtsha, kodwa ungavumeli ukushicilela.
Ukunisela. Ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, amanzi kufuneka atyiswe ngokubanzi, njengoko ugcino oluphezulu lwe-substrate ludla. Sebenzisa ezithambileyo, amanzi okushisa kumgangatho wokunkcenkceshela. Ekwindla, ukucwiliswa kufuneka kuncitshiswe, kutyilwe ngobumnene, kodwa ungadluli i-substrate. Ngalesi sikhathi, manzi i-eucalyptus xa i-substrate yayo ibetha u-1-4 cm. Ubunzulu obunzulu bokumisa buya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu bombindi. Ukuba i-hibernation ifudumala, ukuchelela kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo.
Ukuthotywa komoya. I-Eucalyptus isityalo esithanda ukunyuka kwamanzi, kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, alisebenzisi ukutshiza. Kunconywa ukuba umnike umswakama ophezulu, ubeke isitya kunye ne-eucalyptus kwi-pallet ene-peat enomanzi okanye udongwe olwandisiweyo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqhutyelwa ngamachumbo e-mineral achungechunge kunye nexesha elide leeveki ezingama-2-3. Ubusika akufanele sondliwe.
Imifuno. Ukukhula kwindawo evulekileyo kwimozulu ye-subtropics, i-eucalyptus iqhuma iminyaka engama-2-10 yobomi. Ubungakanani beminyaka yobude beentyantyambo ezihluka kwiintlobo zezilwanyana. Eucalypts, ezikwindawo zokugcina izityalo ezisenyakatho zentlabathi kwaye zikhulayo njengezitsha zobumba kunye ne-kadak, musa ukuqhakaza, nakuba ikhula ngamandla.
Ebusika, i-eucalyptus iya kuphumla. Ngeli xesha, isityalo kufuneka sigcinwe egumbini eliqaqambileyo kwi-16 ° C, lityiliswe ngononophelo.
I-Eucalyptus ihlobisa ngenxa yamaphepha ayo. Awudingi ukutyala amahlumela ngonyaka. Ukubunjwa okwenkqonkqo, kufuneka utyumle amahlumela amancinci.
Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Iimpawu ezincinci zama-eucalyptus zifakelwa rhoqo ngonyaka, abantu abadala - nganye iminyaka engama-2-3. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, kufuneke ukuba kuhlaziywe ngonyaka. I-substrate ye-eucalyptus ingaba yinto elandelayo: u-turf, umhlaba we-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi kwisilinganiselo se-2: 1: 1: 1. Qinisekisa ukwenza imithombo emihle phantsi kwetanki.
Ukuzaliswa. I-Eucalyptus ivelisa ngembewu. Imbewu encinci ifikelela kwi-1-2 mm ubude. Bahlwayelwa ngexesha lokusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebhuwari kwisitya. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa umhlaba we-sod nesihlabathi ngokulinganayo. Imbewu ibhaptizwa emhlabathini ngo-5 mm. Kwezinye iintlobo ze-eucalyptus, ukuhluma kwembewu kuxhomekeke ekukhanyeni. Kule meko, ababhaptizwe emhlabathini, kwaye isitya sihlanganiswe ngeglasi ephezulu. Qaphela kwaye uqaphele ngokutyilisa: ngobuninzi bomswakama, ihluma ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo bachaphazeleka ngumlenze omnyama. Iimbewu zivela malunga nomhla we sixhenxe phantsi kweemeko zombuso weqondo lokushisa we-18-20 ° C. Xa kubonakala iqela lamagqabi oqobo, izityalo zihluma enye enye kwiipatenti eziyi-7-cm, ngelixa zisetyenziselwa ukuxuba umhlaba ngokulandelayo: i-turf yomhlaba, i-humus nesihlabathi elinganayo izabelo.
Inkathazo yokunyamekela
- Musa ukutyhila isityalo sangaphakathi elangeni emva kwexesha elide lemozulu, kunye nakwindawo enokukhanya okugqithisileyo, mhlawumbi i-eucalyptus iya kutsha. Ukuqhelana nesityalo ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngenxa yokungahambi kokukhanya, iziqu ze-eucalyptus zolule, amaqabunga angabi nzulu kwaye alahlekelwe ngumbala wazo wangaphambili. Qaphela xa utyilisa isityalo: ayikuthandi ukuma, kwaye ayinyamezeli ukunyamezela okunyanzelekileyo.
- Musa ukuvumela iiprojekti, i-eucalyptus ayinyamezeli, ukunyuka kwe-air kwigumbi akufunanga.
- Izinambuzane: ii-aphids, isicabucu se-spider.