Indlela yokuchazela abantwana ukuba kutheni iintaka zinyuka

Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukuphendula yonke imibuzo enokwenzeka yomntwana malunga nendalo, uluntu, abantu kunye nezifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo, abadala bayamnika ulwazi olutsha, bacebise ingcamango yakhe yehlabathi awanako ukuyiqonda, kodwa ehlala kuyo. Zama ukuphendula umbuzo womntwana ngokwenene, ngaphandle kokuqulunqa izinto ezingekho.

Ukuba impendulo yombuzo obangelwa ngumntwana ibangela ubunzima, kunye kunye nokufunda okanye ukufunda incwadi ngesihloko esithakazelisayo, oku kuya kubangela umdla womntwana ekuqhubekeni kokufunda okuthile.

Ukubukela kwezilwanyana zasendle, umntwana udla ngokuzibuza ukuba kutheni iintaka zibaleka kwaye aziwa, kutheni umntu engakwazi ukuhamba? Ndiyazibuza ukuba ndichazele njani abantwana ukuba kutheni iintaka zinyuka? Ewe, ukuba unayo i-encyclopedia enhle malunga nehlabathi eliphilayo okanye iintaka, ukuze umntwana aphendule umbuzo wakhe ngokubukeka, ebonisa imifanekiso nemifanekiso. Sondela ukhetho lweencwadi ngokubaluleka nangokucokisekileyo. Ukuze ufunde umntwana kunye nehlabathi elikujikelezayo, thabathe iincwadi kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nemifanekiso ecacileyo.

Ehlabathini kukho iintlobo zeentaka eziyi-9,800 kwaye phantse bonke, ngaphandle kweminye, bangabaleka. Okokuqala, xelela umntwana malunga nezixhobo zendiza ezindizayo. Phantse zonke iintaka zinamaphiko. Iphiko leentaka alinanto ephezulu, kodwa i-curved surface, uhlobo luye lwayilungiselela ngokukhethekileyo ukuze iphiko lenze iqela eliphikisana nelinye iqela-amandla ombane. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukujikeleza komoya okujikeleze iphiko kufuneka uhambe umgama omde ngapha kweyona nxalenye yephiko kunezantsi. Ekubeni inxalenye engezantsi yephiko i-concave, ukuhamba komoya ngaphaya kwephiko kuya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunoko. Oku kudala uxinzelelo oluhlukileyo phezu kwephiko nangaphantsi kwalo, ngokudala ukudala amandla aqondiswe phezulu, aphikisana namandla okudalwa kwamandla. Isixhobo esilandelayo sokubhabha ngamaphiko. Intsiba yindlela yokwenziwa kwesikhumba, ukukhanya kakhulu kunye ne-airy.

Ngombulelo kwiintsiba, umzi womhlaba weentaka uhlala uhamba kakuhle kwaye ubalekela umoya ujikeleza lula kuwo. Kwakhona, ngoncedo lweentsiba, le ntaka inokulawula kwaye ishintshe indlela yokuhamba. Iintsiba zigcina lula ukushisa, zenzele umgca okhusela intaka kwizinto ezinobungozi bendalo, kubanda, kumanzi, umoya kunye nokugqithisa. Ukongezelela, intaka inokubhabha ngenxa yesakhiwo segazi. Amathambo entanyeni yeentaka ahlanganiswa kunye, okwenza kube nzima. Ukuba kumasipha omfuyo amathambo omgudu anama-vertebrae ahlukeneyo, enza ikhonkco, ngoko kwi-skeleton yeentaka baxhamla. Iintaka zeentaka zincinci kwaye ziqhenqa, ngenxa yoko isifo seentaka zikhanya kakhulu. Xa le ntaka ibhozela umoya, ingena ngokukhawuleza nge-bronchioles ibe yimiphunga, kwaye ukusuka apho kuya kwi-sacs emoyeni. Umoya wokufudumala, ubuyisela kwiingxowa zomoya ngaphakathi kwimipuphu, apho kusetyenziswa ukutshintshwa kwegesi. Ukuphefumula kabini kunika umzimba umzimba nge-oksijeni, ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-flight. Intaka inentliziyo enkulu, kwaye oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze ngokukhawuleza kwiinqwelo zeentaka. Inani elikhulu lamaseli obomvu egazini leentaka livumela ukuthunyelwa kwe-oksijeni engaphezulu, okuyimfuneko ngexesha lokuhamba. Intliziyo yentaka iyancipha kwixesha leemitha ezili-1000 ngomzuzu, ngaphezu koko, iintaka zinegazi eliphezulu, malunga ne-180 mm. gt; Ubugcisa. , ukuthelekisa, uxinzelelo lomntu luphela ku-100-120 kuphela. Ngenxa yeendlela eziphambili zokuphefumula kunye neendlela ezijikelezayo, le ntaka inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokushisa umzimba kunye nokukhawuleza kwe-metabolism. Ukuze ufumane amandla amaninzi, intaka idla ukutya okuninzi, ichazela umntwana ukuba kutheni kubalulekile ukunyusa iinyoni ebusika, xa ukutya kwendalo kungabikho kwaye ukukhangela kwakhe kuphazamiseka. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yeentlanzi zeentaka kukho i-cerebellum enamandla, ejongene nokulungelelaniswa kwemfudu, eyimfuneko ekuhambeni.

Kodwa azinjalo zonke iintaka zihamba. Umzekelo, iipenguins. Le yintaka kuphela enokukwazi ukundiza, kodwa iyakwazi ukubhukuda. Baphila ngokubanzi emanzini kunye namaphiko abo abe njengeengcongolo, ahamba ngazo. Intaka enkulu kunazo zonke ehlabathini ayinakukwazi ukundiza. Incini, inzima kakhulu yendiza.

Ufuna amaphiko amakhulu ukunyuka emoyeni kunye nobunzima bomzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intaka inokubhabhisa ukuba ubunzima bomzimba wayo abuyi ngaphezu kwe-20 kg. Ezinye iintaka zabaleka ngaphambi kokuba zibaleke, umzekelo, izilwanyana kunye neenkukhu. Tshela abantwana malunga neentaka zeenkcukacha. Ngokomzekelo, i-goose yezintaba iyakwazi ukuhamba ngeentaba ze-Himalayas kwindawo ephakamileyo yeekhilomitha eziyi-10, ezi ntaka ziye zabonwa ngaphezu kwentaba ephakamileyo kwihlabathi-i-Everest. Umnini wezaphulo eziphambili kwakuyi-bar yeRuppel, emva kokuba edibene nomqwembe kwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ezili-11271. I-polar tern iyakwazi ukugubungela umgama weekhilomitha ezingama-40 000 kwelinye icala, kwaye kuyo yonke imiphefumlo yayo i-fly, i-2.5 million yeekhilomitha. Iinyoni eziphila ixesha elide liyi-cockatoos enkulu ephuzi. Ubomi beminyaka engaphezu kwama-80. Umntwana uya kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba iintaka zineeholide yazo-ngo-Apreli 1. Le mini ibhiyozelwa kwiSuku lweZizwe ngezizwe. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Apreli ukuba iintaka ziqala ukubuyela kwiindawo zazo zobusika. Chaza kubantwana ukuba iintaka ezibhabha kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo kwixesha elibandayo, ziyazi kwaye zikhumbule indlela abafuna ukuyihamba ngayo, ngaphandle kokuba banako ukukhetha indlela engcono. Ukuba umoya uyadlula, iintaka zinyuka kakhulu, apho umoya uqhuma ngakumbi. Yaye ukuba umoya uzayo, iintaka zihlala zihamba, zixhaphaza imithi kunye nezakhiwo ezinkulu njengokuba zithwele umoya. Ukuhamba okuhlangene nomntwana-ithuba elihle lokugcina nokwandisa ulwazi lomntwana ngehlabathi elikujikelezayo, ngaphezu koko, ukubukela, umntwana ngokwakhe unokufumana impendulo kunye nenkcazo yezinto ezininzi ezithandayo.

Xa uphendula imibuzo ebantwini, ungazami ukuzenza zizalise kwaye ziphelele. Impendulo kufuneka ibe, okokuqala, imfutshane, icace kwaye ifumaneke, iqulethe ukuqinisekiswa kwempendulo. Cacisa kubantwana usebenzisa amagama alula aqondakalayo. Vumela impendulo yakho ngokukhawuleza umntwana ukuba akubonise izinto ezintsha kunye nezibonakaliso, kwaye zakho iimpendulo zihlakulele ubuchule kunye nobuzwe kuye. Musa ukuyiphatha imibuzo yomntwana ngentlonelo, ungazami ukuba "uhambe" kwimpendulo, kuba ukuthetha nomntwana ngezihloko ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuchaza kuye izinto ezingenakuqondakala, ukudala iinqwenela kunye neehorizons yomntwana.