Kwaye ngokuchasene nembono ebonakalayo yamehlo e-myopic kula maninzi amancinci kunye ne-radius encinci ye-curne of cornea. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutshatyalaliswa okunjalo kwenzeka kwiindandane ezisondeleyo zesigulane, kuba zidla ngokugqithiseleyo ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-autosomal type. Aba bana babonakaliswa ngobunono obubonakalayo obubonakalayo kumgama ngaphandle kweiglasi, nokuba ne-high-degree myopia. Iinkcukacha malunga nesi sifo kunye nenkqubela yayo - kwinqaku ngesihloko esithi "Indlela yokumisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia kubantwana."
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abazali baqwalasela ukuba umntwana ubheka imifanekiso okanye amathoyizi, esondele kakhulu kwamehlo abo, kwaye ngenxa yeendlela ezingaphezulu. Kwi-fundus, njengommiselo, akukho zibonakaliso zesimo sokuxhoma kwe-axis eye-position axis yiso - i-cementcent myopic, i-cone ukusuka kwicala lexesha le-nertic optic nerk or even staphyloma elikujikelezayo. Akukho nto ikhunjulwa ngayo iimbumba zelihlo, xa iinqanawa ezinkulu ze-choroidal zibonwa ngoluhlu lwe-epithelium ye-pigment. Ngaphezu koko, akukho zibonakaliso zezifundo ezilukhuni lwe-myopia kunye neenguqu kwiindawo ezininzi, ukunqunyulwa kwe-retina kunye ne-dysstrophy ngasemgangathweni. Kubantwana beminyaka yobudala, xa kukho i-myopia eqhubekayo, olo tshintsho, umzekelo, malunga ne-disc ye-optic ye-disc, ingaba, kodwa ayihambisani ngokugqithisileyo ngezinga le-myopia. I-Ophthalmometry iya kubonisa ukuhla kwe-radius of curvature ye-cornea kunye nokwanda kwamandla alo optical xa kuthelekiswa nemigangatho yobudala. Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound luya kubonisa ukuba ubungakanani belihlo i-PZO lihambelana nobudala okanye nangaphantsi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufezekisa i-biometric ejoni kwiiplanethi ezimbini: i-horizontal kunye ne-sagittal. Nge-myopia, iliso ligcina uhlobo lwe-ellipsoidal, oluqhelekileyo lombutho ophilileyo, njengokungathi isalathisi sesithuba esiphezulu saso. Ngoko ke, kwamehlo enempilo, i-axis ene-horizontal iya kuba mkhulu. Ulwalamano olufanayo luyinto ebonakalayo kwimyopia. Ukulungiswa okubonakalayo kwamehlo abo bantwana kubakhuthaza ukuzinza kokupheka kwaye akudingi nayiphi na eyongezelelweyo unyango okanye unyango.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ukuhluka kwesibini kwe-myopia, ngenxa yobungakanani obukhulu be-eyeballball. Yinto efana nayo njengenyuka ubude be-anteroposterior kunye ne-axisal axis yelihlo. Kwaye ngenxa yesimo se-ellipsoidal, ubukhulu besibini bukhulu kakhulu. Ngelishwa, ngoku kuhluka kwe-myopia, ukunyuka okungafaniyo kwimo ye-eyeball kungabangelwa kuphela kwi-heredity, kodwa nakwizinto ezisemgangathweni ezikhokelela ekuphazamiseni ekubunjweni kwamehlo. Kwimizekelo yamatyala, ingaba isifo sobuntwini besisu, ukuxiliswa komntwana. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zalo zifumaneka ngendlela ye-old agri-chorioretinal foci okanye i-white foci engabonakaliyo kwi-retina. Kukholelwa ukuba kula maxesha ukuba kukho ukuhla kwe-acuity ebonakalayo kunye nokulungiswa, okubizwa ngokuba yi "amblyopia" (kaninzi ayinakho ukulungiswa kunyango). Kwizigulane ezinamahlo amakhulu, i-autosomal uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwelifa libuye libonwe rhoqo, ngokuqhelekileyo lubangele ukuphuhliswa kwe-myopia eyinkimbinkimbi. Kucacile ukuba indlela yodwa yokulawula ezo zigulane nge-myopia isilungiso esilungileyo kunye neziglasi ezingekho phantsi okanye i-lens (kunye ne-myopia yezinga eliphezulu) ukukhusela i-amblyopia kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia. Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba nge-myopia engaphezu kwe-2 D, amaninzi amaninzi agxininisa ukugqoka okufunekayo kwezixhobo zokulungisa xa uqhuba umsebenzi kwibala elifutshane. Oku kunceda ukuphepha ukuhlanganiswa okwandisiweyo okuhambelana nokufakela okutshintshileyo kweso, kuthintela ukuphazamiseka kokuhlala kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia. Ewe, kwimeko yokumisa ye-myopia, aba bantwana abayidingi ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe nzima. Ngelishwa, ukulungiswa kombono kunye nomthwalo obonakalayo obonakalayo unokubangela ukuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia. Kwaye kwenzeka kungekudala, oku kubi kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela kwimyopia enzima. Kule meko kuyimfuneko yokwenza unyango olujoliswe ekuqiniseni inkqubo yokuphelisa i-myopia eqhubekayo.
Emva kweminyaka emi-5 kunye ne-myopia ezinzile, imibuzo yokulungiswa kombono ingaxoxwa. Kwaye okokuqala ukuhluka kwe-myopia kukuphela kwimeko ye-orientation pathogenetic ye-keratorefrakion. Ngokukodwa, ukulungiswa kwe-laser i-excimer, xa "i-cornea" echanekileyo ichithwa ngokwenene ekuphuhliseni i-myopia. Ngoku siyazi indlela yokumisa inkqubela ye-myopia kubantwana.