Ukubaluleka kwe-thyroid gland emzimbeni wethu kunzima ukugqithisa. Ivelisa i-hormones (thyroxine, triiodothyronine kunye ne-thyrocalcitonin), echaphazela umsebenzi wendalo yonke, ivuselele ngamnye umzimba wethu. Amahomoni aveliswa yi-thyroid gland ayenaxanduva lokumetabolism kwilungu ngalinye kunye nayo yonke iseli yomzimba wethu. Ngaphandle kwabo, akunakwenzeka ukuqhubeka neenkqubo ezifana nokuphefumula, ukunyakaza, ukutya, ukulala. Intliziyo yethu ibetha, iimpompo zompompo emoyeni, kwaye ingqondo idala iimpembelelo ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yeehomoni ze-thyroid gland. Kwaye xa sithetha ngokubanzi malunga nomsebenzi wengqondo, i-hormone ye-thyroid ithatha inxaxheba kokubili ekubunjweni kwengqondo ebusweni, nasemsebenzini olandelayo wengqondo ebomini bomntu. Ukucinga kwethu okunengqiqo, ukukwazi ukuhlalutya ngokukhawuleza imeko kunye neeninzi zeetalente zobugcisa ezibhekwa njengesipho sikaThixo, kuxhomekeka kumsebenzi omkhulu walo mzimba.
IiHormone ze thyroxine kunye ne-triiodothyronine zithathe inxaxheba ngokukodwa kwinkqubo yokukhula komntwana, ukuphuhliswa nokuqiniswa kwamasipha, ukukhula kwamathambo kuxhomekeke kubo. I-thyroid gland ithatha inxaxheba ekwakheni izilwanyana ezincinci kumabhinqa, inoxanduva lokulinganisela kweseyile lomzimba kunye nokugcinwa kobunzima bomzimba obuqhelekileyo. I-thyroid gland iyasinceda umsebenzi wezinye i-hormone, ithatha inxaxheba ekuvelweni kwamavithamini athile, inceda umzimba womzimba wethu. Ukuguga komzimba wethu kudibana neenguqu kwi-thyroid gland.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwegciwane le-thyroid kuthatha indima ebaluleke kakhulu kumzimba wesetyhini. I-thyroid gland ithatha inxaxheba kuyo yonke into yokulungiswa komzimba wesetyhini ngexesha lobomi bomfazi. Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kweli nqanaba kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa nokuzala komntwana, ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nexesha lokugqibela, kunye nangethuba lokuyeka umyeni. Iingxaki zokukhulelwa kunye nokuzala umntwana zinokudibana nokusebenza kakubi kwegciwane le-thyroid, nayiphi na ukuphambuka ekusebenzeni kwale nxalenye evela kumama kunokuchaphazela kakubi umntwana osandula.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo se-thyroid sinesifazana, kodwa sinokuthi senzeke kubantu abangenazo iimpawu zofuzo kubo. Ukungasebenzi kakubi kwegciwane le-thyroid kungazibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kuyo, iimpawu esingaqatshelwa sisifo, kunye neendlela zokonyango.
Ekubeni i-thyroid yegland ichaphazela zonke iisistim zomzimba, kwaye akukho nxalenye enye, akulula kulula ukubona izikhalazo ekusebenzeni kwayo. Izibonakaliso zezifo zegciwane le-thyroid esizijwayele ukungaboni okanye ukubhala ngenxa yokukhathala, uxinzelelo, ukudibanisa emsebenzini okanye kwiintsapho zeengxaki. Abantu abaninzi abazange bacinge ukuba imbangela yesimo sabo esibi, ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ukucaphukisa okanye ukuxinezeleka kunokufihla kule ncinane encinane, njengobumba bebhathane.
Abasetyhini abaninzi abayihlawula nantoni na, ngokomzekelo, kwisitenxo somjikelezo wesini, kwaye oku kungayinye yeempawu zesifo se-thyroid kwaye oku kungaphezulu.
Nazi iimpawu eziphambili, ekubonakala kwayo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhawuleza ukujonga ukusebenza kwe-thyroid gland:
- Ukukhathala nokukhathala, umoya wobuthathaka ngokukhawuleza emva kokulala.
- Utshintsho oluphawulekayo kwisisindo somzimba.
Iimeko ezidityanisiweyo kunye neengcibiliki.
- Iingxaki ngememori.
- Uvakalelwa ngushisa okanye kubanda kwimida.
- Amalungu amaninzi, i-arthritis.
Iintlungu zentlungu okanye izihlunu.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya, ukuzithiba rhoqo.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu egazini.
Kwakhona, isifo se-thyroid sinokukhupha isikhuhlane esincinci entanyeni.
Ukubonakala kwayo yonke into okanye enye yale miqondiso ingabonisa ukuba khona kwe-thyroid ye-subclinical dysfunction kumntu. Le meko ithetha ukuba ukungaqhelekanga kwintsimbi ye-thyroid sele ivele, kodwa i-hormone egazini isesemgangathweni. Ukuphulwa okunjalo kunzima ukukufumanisa ngoxilongo oluqhelekileyo kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo basala bengalindelwe ngugqirha, kwaye unyango luqala kuphela kwizigaba zesifo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukufaka isicelo kwiziko lempilo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu zangaphandle zesifo zibonakalisa kakhulu kakhulu, kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Izifo zesifo se-thyroid zingachazwa ngamaqela amaninzi. Ezi zifo ezihambelana nokuveliswa kwehomoni, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Basedova isifo okanye i-hyperthyroidism, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-hormone enganeleyo okanye i-hypothyroidism. Isixa semarmone sinokulawulwa ngeendlela zamashoni, utshintsho kwindlela yokutya kunye nendlela yokuphila, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-homeotherapy. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ihlolwe kwi-endocrinologist.
Kukho olunye uhlobo lwesifo: ukwakheka kwee-nodes okanye i-tumors. Yiyiphi into engabonakaliyo kunye neyingozi. Kwiimeko ezinzulu kangaka, kukho imigaqo emininzi yokuxilongwa nokunyangwa.
Umgaqo wokuqala ngowona myalelo wokugunyazwa kwesalathisi esifanelekileyo ye-needle aspiration eyenziwa phantsi kolawulo lwe-ultrasound. Ukuziphatha kwayo kuyisiseko sokuxilongwa, kuba kuxhomekeka kwezi ziphumo nokuba i-tumor iyingozi okanye iyingozi.
Umgaqo wesibini uncedo lokungenelela ekugqibeleni ukususwa kwegciwane le-thyroid xa kunokwenzeka ukufumanisa i-node. Elizweni lethu, umkhuba wokulondoloza inxalenye yengqumbo ngexesha lotyando luye lwasasazeka, kodwa kwihlabathi izinto ezinjalo azixhaswanga. Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo - ukuba i-tumor isifo esiyingozi, iyakwazi ukuphepha ukuhlinzwa. Isibonakaliso sokungenelela kokusebenza kulo mzekelo kuphela ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweendawo kunye neengxaki ezifunyanwa ngumntu malunga nale nto. Nangona kunjalo, le nto ayifumaneki. Kwindlela yokwelapha, i-tumor ephawulekayo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "Colloidal Node", kwaye iyenzeka kaninzi kunokuba iyingozi. Ngokuchasene neengcamango ezingaqhelekanga, i-tumor isifo esiyingozi ayibi. Ngoko ke, unyango olungenanto oluphambili lweli galelo luya kudla ngokugqithiseleyo.
Umgaqo wesithathu uhambelana nokunyangwa kweenombolo ezimbi. Le yimfuneko yokwenzelwa unyango, ukudibanisa utyando kunye nonyango olulandelayo lwe-radioiodine. Injongo yonyango olunjalo kukutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu zesisu emzimbeni womntu. Yonyango oludibeneyo oluya kunciphisa amathuba okuphindaphinda nokusabalalisa inkqubo enobungozi emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, izicubu ezinobungozi begciwane le-thyroid ziyingxaki yeengxaki ze-oncological, ezinokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo. Akufanele kubekho "isigwebo" kwisigulane. Njengoko oogqirha bathi "ukuba uzimisele ukuhlakulela umhlaza, makhe ube ngumhlaza we -roid."
Umgaqo wesine wonyango ukujonga izigulana ixesha elide. Abantu abanamaqondo angabonakaliyo abangabangeli izikhalazo, kanye kanye ngonyaka ukuqhuba i-ultrasound ye-thyroid gland, kunye nokuthatha igazi ukuhlolwa kwamahomoni nokuvakashela i-endocrinologist. Izigulane ezithobele isifo esibi kakhulu kufuneka zivelele ugqirha olawula unyango lwakhe ngokuphindaphindiweyo aze aqhube ukuhlola.
Ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezahlukileyo kunye nezikolo ezifihlakeleyo zezifo ze-thyroid, kunzima ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bokusasazeka kwezi zifo. Kodwa, kwaze kwaqwalaselwa kuphela iimeko eziye zityhilwa, kunokutsho ngokuchanekileyo ukuba inani labantu ababhekene nezi zifo ze-thyroid gland lihambelana nesifo sikashukela nesifo se-cardiovascular system.
Nangona okokuba isifundo salo mzimba senziwa ixesha elide, izazinzulu azikwazi ukuchaza ngokucacileyo izizathu zokubonakala kwezifo ze-thyroid kuze kube ngoku. Kukholelwa ukuba indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe yi-genetic predisposition, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ngethuba lethu, imeko engqongileyo yendalo ingakwazi ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ukuba isiganeko sinokuchaphazela njani umzimba womntu. Ngokomzekelo, kuphawulwe ukuba intlekele yeChernobyl yabangela umdlavuza we-thyroid, kunye nenani elikhulu kunezifo ezingekho kwiminyaka yokuqala emva kwentlekele, kodwa ihlehliselwe iminyaka eyi-10, kwaye ubuninzi begulane babengabantwana.
Phakathi kwezona zinto ezibangela ukubonakala kwezifo ze-thyroid, ngaphezu kwezifo ze-genetic, kukho ukusilela kwe-iodine, loo mntu ayifumana ngaphantsi kokutya. Umxholo omkhulu we-iodine ufumaneka kwiimveliso zaselwandle, njengentlanzi yolwandle nolwandle. Kweminye imimandla kwiplanethi, loo mveliso ayifumaneka kwaye ayinakudla ukusetyenziswa ukutya. Izifo ze-thyroid gland kule mimandla ziqatshelwe ngokuphindwe kabini kunamazwe amanxweme, apho isiqhelo sineemveliso ezininzi ze-iodine zisetyenziselwa ukutya.
Ukuxazulula ingxaki yokuntuleka kwe-iodine, kokubili nakweminye imimandla, amashishini amachiza kunye nokutya athathe. Ngoku bavelisa iimveliso ezigqithiswe ngokukhethekileyo nge-iodine, umzekelo, ityuwa e-iodidi, isinkwa, amanzi. Kwimashalofu ezithwala izidakamizwa kubonakala zininzi zeziyobisi ezenzelwe ukukhusela ukusilela kwe-iodine emzimbeni. Ukubanjwa kwezidakamizwa kunconywa ngokukhethekileyo kubantwana nakwabasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-lactation. Ngoku uyazi yonke into malunga nesifo se-thyroid: izibangela, iimpawu, ukukhusela okufuneka kufike ngexesha.