Ukuba uyigcina kakuhle yonke imimiselo ye-begonia ukulima, ngoko isityalo sichaphazeleke kakhulu izifo kunye nezinambuzane. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izifo kunye nezinambuzane ze-begonias zigcinwa kwi-greenhouse kunye phantsi kweemeko ezimbi.
Izifo ezinokuchaphazela i-begonia
I-Gray rot ichaphazela i-begonia kwaye isasazeka ngokushisa okuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu. Emaqabini, amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo zityalo ezilwandle ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ziqhambuka. Ngenxa yoko, la mabala ahlanganiswe ngokubola okumanzi. Iziqu zesityalo kule ndawo zibolile, kwaye amaqabunga aphendulela amnyama aphihli. Ukumisa esi sifo, isityalo kufuneka sitshathwe ngomxube we-sulfate (2 grams ye-sulfate yethusi kunye nesisombululo samanzi kunye nesepha yokuhlamba - i-20 grams nganye ilitha yamanzi). Xa kukho umonakalo omkhulu kwientyatyambo, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-fungicide.
Inobungozi kwisityalo se powdery isikhutha. Ichaphazela sonke isityalo (inxalenye engaphezulu). Okokuqala kubonakale kumaqabunga ngamachukumisa amhlophe, emva kokuba i-plaque isasazeka kwisityalo sonke. Amaqabunga ajikelezayo kwaye alula. Igumbi apho intyatyambo ikhula khona kufuneka ibe yomoya womoya kwaye ilungile. Ukukrazula kwesi sifo, sebenzisa ukutshiza kwesityalo ngesisombululo se-soap-soap - i-tar soap echithwe kwilitha yamanzi (20 amagremu) kunye no-2 amagremu we-sulfate yethusi. Kwakhona, isisombululo sesoda (nganye ilitha yamanzi ama-gramu ama-soda) sasebenza. Isityalo sitshatyathwa nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (ama-5 amagremu ngalinye ngeekitha ezili-10 zamanzi).
Xa i-begonia igxotha i-bacterial patchiness, iindawo ezinamanzi ezincinane ezibukrokre zifakwe ngaphantsi kwamaqabunga. Ngokusasazeka kwesi sifo, amaqabunga abe mnyama, kwaye iintyatyambo kunye neeptile zeqabunga ziphendulela abamnyama. Kule meko, izityalo ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zitshatyalaliswe, umhlaba kufuneka ungakhuselekanga. Ukuthintela ukuhlutha kwe-bacteria, i-begonia kufuneka ifakwe nge-suspended copper chloride (0.5%). Phinda le nyango ezimbini kwiiveki.
Iingambuzane eziyingozi zokuqala
Kwi-begonias, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuyingozi eyingozi. Le nambuzane encinci (3-4 mm ubude). Ibhinqa iyingenasiphako, inqabileyo, ngamalungu omlomo osondezayo. Ihlanganiswe ngesikhumba esibomvu esikhwameni se-secured secrets. Izibungu zezilwanyana ziyahamba zize zifake kwi-plant. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zinambuzane zihlala emithanjeni nasemaphethelweni amaqabunga, iziqu kunye nama-petioles, ngenxa yoko amaqabunga aphihliweyo kwaye adibeneyo. Ukuba iinambuzane zisasazeka ngokuqinile, i-begonia ihlanganiswe ne-sugary isolates. Kwiimpofu ezinjalo, ukuhlaselwa emnyama kunye nefosti ye-sooty inokusasazeka. Izityalo ezichaphazelekayo ziyaqhakaza kwaye zikhula. Kwiimeko zendawo yokuhlala, izidumbu ezinjalo zivelisa unyaka wonke, zinika izizukulwana 3-4.
Ekhaya nasemasimini asegadi, amanyathelo alandelayo athatyathwa ukuze alwe nemastitis. Ngokuzenzekelayo, nge-brush esithambileyo, isityalo sihlambulukile kwaye sihlanjwe nge-infusion ye-pyrethrum okanye i-garlic (i-10 grams nganye ilitha yamanzi). Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, unyango luphindaphindiwe. Kwi-greenhouse yaseBabonia ihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-0.1% ye-hostakvik, i-0.1% ye-actinel, i-0.2% ye-chlorophos. Unyango luphinda luphindaphindiwe malunga nezibungu emva kweveki ezingama-2-3. Unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya kuSeptemba.
I-whitefly iyingozi kakhulu kwi-begonia. Yincinci encinci eyonakalisa amaqabunga. Izibungu ezifakwe ngabasetyhini zixhomekeke kwicala eliphambili leqabunga. Ukusuka e-begonia bayawusisa i juice, ngenxa yoko, amaqabunga aphendulela kwaye awela kwi ntyatyambo. Ngokuphumelelayo ukulawula i-whitefly, isisombululo sesepha (ama-40 amagremu kwi-10 ilitha amanzi) isetyenziswe. Sichitha isityalo njalo, de kube i-disest isonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo.
Amahlumela amancinci, iintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga e-begonia zilimaza i-aphids, ephuza ijusi kwizityalo. Ngenxa yoko, amaqabunga, kunye neefom kunye neentyatyambo ziyawa. Ama-aphids nawo asasazeka ngaphantsi kweenyawo, eshiya i-sugar secretions emva kwabo. Ukuchasana nale nkathazo kunokusebenzisa ukunyuka kwamaqabunga amazambane (iiyure ezingama-4, ukugxininisa iikhilogram zamagqabi kwi-10 ilitha amanzi). Ukusebenza ngokuchasene nama-apidi yisisombululo sesepha yasekhaya (10 ilitha zamanzi 200 amagremu wesepha). Ungasebenzisa nokunyuka kwamanqaku e-onion (10 ilitha wamanzi afudumele kunye nama-gram 200 e-anyanisi ahlutshiwe). Unako ukutshabalalisa iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi afudumele kunye ne-100 gram yegalikhi kunye ne-100 gram ye-anyanisi. Ukucoca isityalo kunye nesisombululo kucetyiswa kathathu.