Gonorrhea
Izifo ezithintekayo ezibangelwa yi-gonococci. Phakathi kwezinye izifo ezivuthayo zecala lokuzala, i-gonorrhea isifo sesibini.
I-Gonococci yabasetyhini inokuchaphazela ezo ndawo ze-genitourinary system ehlanganiswe ne-epithelium yeclinklium: i-mucosa ye-ureter, ingqungquthela yomlomo wesibeleko, iidonti zeengqungquthela ze-bartholin, i-membrane yamangxube ye-uterine cavity, i-tublopian tubes, i-ovaries, i-peritoneum ye-pelvis. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ebuntwaneni kunye nexesha lokuyeka ukuphuma kwimizi, i-gonorrhea ingenzeka kwakhona.
Umthombo wentsholongwane ngumntu one-gonorrhea.
Iindlela zokusuleleka .
- isifo sisasazeka ngokubanzi ngokuqhagamshelana ngesondo;
- ngokuqhagamshelana nabantu besini, oomntu olwabelana ngesondo;
- kunqabile ngeendlela zendlu - ngeendwangu zokuhlambela, amathuwa, iilinen;
- ngexesha lokubeletha kumama ogulayo (iso kunye nomonakalo wesisu kumantombazana).
Kubasetyhini, umfanekiso weklinikhi we-gonorrhea awufanelanga kwaye kuxhomekeke ekuhlaleni kwenkqubo, ubunzima be-pathogen, iminyaka yesigulane, ukuguquka komzimba wakhe, isigaba sesifo (esiqatha, esingapheliyo).
I-gonorrhea entsha kwifomu ebonakalayo ibonakaliswa ngumfanekiso wonyango okhankanyiweyo: ukushisa kuphakama, ubuhlungu obukhulu buvela kwisibilini esezantsi, kwaye ukuphuma kwesisu kubonakala kuluhlaza. Kukho intlungu kunye nokutshisa xa uchama, unqwenela njalo. Kukho ukuvuvukala kunye ne-hyperemia yezo zangaphandle.
Ifom ye-gonorrhea ihamba kunye ne-subfebrile imeko, ebonakalayo impawu zekliniki ziyabonwa. Kuyo imeko iphethe izifo ezingaqalanga ngaphezu kweeveki ezidlulileyo. Ifomu lezithumba libonakaliswe ngokubonakaliswa kancinci okanye kungabonakali, kodwa umfazi unegonococci kwi-bacterioscopic uvavanyo lwe-smear. Ngendlela efihliweyo ye-gonorrhea ibhakteriological kunye ne-bacterioscopic confirmation ayikho, impawu ayifanelekanga, kodwa izigulane zibangelwa isifo.
I-Gonorrhea kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kaninzi iyancipha. Inokukhokelela kwiinkathazo zokukhulelwa, ukubeletha kunye nexesha lokugqibela, kunye nokuba kukho umngcipheko we-fetus kunye nosana olutsha. Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kumama (i-chorioamnionitis, i-subinvolution ye-uterus, endometritis), kumntwana wesisu (prematurity, aphthalmia, sepsisuter sepsis, ukufa). Ukupheliswa kokufakelwa kokukhulelwa kuyingozi ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, ii-ovaries, ama-tublopian tubes.
I-Gonorrhea kubantwana. Indlela yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane: iintsholongwane zenzeka xa umntwana ehamba ngedaka lokuzalwa, okanye e-utero ngokusebenzisa i-amniotic fluid, nakumama ogulayo xa enakekela umntwana osandula. Abantwana abakhulileyo banokusuleleka kwindlu yangasese eyabelwe kuyo okanye ithawula, isitya sokuhlamba, ukuhlamba. I-Gonorrhea kumantombazana inzima kunye nokuzikhukhumeza okukhulu kunye ne-hyperemia yeembumba ezinamaqabunga ezitho zangasese, ukukhutshwa komzimba, ukuvuthwa rhoqo nokubuhlungu, ukutshisa, ukutshisa. Ubushushu bomzimba buya kuvuka, kodwa kunokwenzeka kwaye ukuhamba kwe-asymptomatic flow. I-Gonorrhea kumantombazana inika iingxaki ezifanayo ezibonwa kwabasetyhini abadala. Ukuxhaphazwa kwamakhwenkwe kubonakala kunqabile ngenxa yezinto ezikhethiweyo zesakhiwo sezitho zobulili.
Syphilis
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zentsholongwane, ezithunyelwa ngesondo.
I-agent causative yesi sifo yi-microorganism palepponema. Umthombo wentsholongwane ngumntu ogulayo.
Iindlela ezikhoyo zokusuleleka :
- ngokwesondo - eyona nto;
- kunye noqhagamshelwano lomntu ongqingili, umlomo-wesini;
- ikhaya - ngokuqhelekileyo kubantwana, ngokuqhagamshelana ngokuthe ngqo (xa umntwana elele nomzali ogulayo, usebenzisa izinto eziqhelekileyo zokucoceka). Indlela yansuku zonke yokusuleleka kwabasemagunyeni kwenzeka ngokugqithiseleyo kakhulu, umzekelo, xa ubanga, xa umlenze womlomo umlomo unemipuphu ye-syphilitic kunye nomhlaba omanzi;
- ubuchule - ngexesha loviwo lwezigulane ze-syphilis, eziqhekeza esikhunjeni okanye kwi-membrane emanzini ngomhlaba omanzi;
- i-transplacental (ngokusebenzisa i-placenta) - Kwiimeko apho umama okhulelwe enesifo sesifo se-syphilis, ngokukodwa ifom yesibili. Emva koko umntwana uhlalisa isifo sokuzalwa esiswini;
- Ukutshintshiselwa (okungaqhelekanga) - ngenxa yokumpontshelwa kwegazi ethathwe kwisigulane esinama-syphilis.
I klinikhi. Ukususela ekungeneni kwe-pathogen emzimbeni ukuya kwiimpawu zokuqala zesifo, umyinge weeveki ezingama-3-4. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-incubation period. I-agent causative sele ingene emzimbeni, kodwa isiguli asikho izikhalazo kunye nokubonakalisa kwesi sifo. Nangona ngeli xesha lo mntu sele esenelele. Emva kokuphela kwexesha lokuxubusha, kuphela indawo apho i-pathogen ingena khona ibonakala kuqala. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-chancre enzima. I-chancre enzima yinto ephosakeleyo yesikhumba okanye i-membrane ye-mucous (ukukhushulwa), inqabileyo - inzulu (isilonda sokuthi, xa uphilisa, ushiya isiqhekeza). I-chancre eqinileyo yombalo ojikelezayo okanye oval, unomqolo kwisiseko kunye nemigca ecacileyo, ephakanyisiwe kunye nokungabikho kokuvuvukala, kungenabuhlungu, kunye nomhlaba ogqithiseleyo kunye nemfihlo engabalulekanga ye-serous. Phantse iveki kamva, xa i-chancre isendaweni yezobulili, i-lymph nodes inguinal kwelinye icala landa. Kukho ncinane ukunyuka kwama-lymph nodes. Le yithuba eliphambili le-syphilis, elivela kwindlela yokubonakala kwe-chancre ihlala kwiiveki ezi-6-8. Ngokuqhelekileyo abafazi abaqapheli i-chancre kwizondo zabo ngenxa yobuthakathaka babo kwaye baphoswa kwinqanaba eliphambili le-syphilis. Emva kweeveki ezi-6-8 emva kokuphuhliswa kwe-chancre eqinile, ukushisa komzimba wesigulane kunokuphakama, iintloko zebusuku, iintlungu zenyama. Eli thuba elidlulileyo ngeli xesha i-treponema eluhlaza iphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ingena kwigazi kwaye kwizigulane zesikhumba kunye nezibilini ezinamaqabunga kukho ukusabalalisa okusabalalisiweyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-syphilis idlulile kwixesha lesibini. Iimvumba zokuqala zi-roseola - ezincinci (0.5-1 cm.) Amabala obomvu kwesikhumba se-trunk, isisu, izitho, ezingabangela ukuba zibethe, musa ukukhupha ngaphezu kwesikhumba kwaye ungafaki. Emva koko kukho iigununu (amaphepha). Ngeli xesha, iipilisi ezikhulayo zingabonakala klubinini kunye neembumba ezinamaqabunga ezitho zomzimba zesini. Zizinene, i-neostroospavitelnye, kunye nobubanzi beemithamitha ezimbalwa ukuya kwi-1 cm, kunye nomhlaba omanzi, apho kukho ezininzi izifo-mzimba (i-treponem ephahlayo), ngoko isasazeka kakhulu. Azintlungu. Ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kunye nokucaphukisa, la maqhuqhuva aya kwanda kwaye aphendule ngamaphepha e-hypertrophic or condylomas.
Unyango lwezifo ze-venoneal ze-gonorrhea kunye ne-syphilis zenziwa kwiimeko zesibhedlele esikhethekileyo se-dermatovenerologic dispensary, ngokulandelanayo, kunye nomyalelo we-MOH ovunyelweyo waseRashiya. Kwezinye iimeko, isigulane siyaphathwa yi-venereologist kwi-polyclinic. Xa ukhethwa ugqirha, ugqirha uyaqwalasela uhlobo lweklinikhi, ubunzima beenkqubo, ubukho beengxaki. Unyango lujoliswe ekupheliseni i-pathogen, ukubonakaliswa okugxilwe kwempendulo yokuvuvukala, ukwandisa i-immunobiological reactivity yendalo. Yingakho ukuzinyango kunobungozi kwaye kunobungozi obukhulu.