Ukuba unina olahlayo une-anemia, ngoko akukho nsimbi eyaneleyo ebisi. Ngenxa yoko, omncinci uphonsa le nto ibalulekileyo. Kwenzeka ukuba insimbi emzimbeni womntwana ichithe ngokukhawuleza. Ngokomzekelo, i-anemia ivame ukuvela kwiintsana zangaphambi kweentsana kunye namawele, kunye neentsana zalabo baomama abathi ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokwabo bafumana isifo esinjenge-anemia. Abantwana abadala kunonyaka abanakho isinyithi esaneleyo xa ukutya kwabo kubandakanya ikakhulu imveliso yobisi (kwaye kukho insimbi encinane kubo). Esinye isizathu sesifo sinokungabikho kwamavithamini B6 kunye ne-B12 kunye ne-acid ye-folic emzimbeni. Inemia enjalo kuthiwa yi-iron deficiency kwaye ininzi kakhulu.
Ngelishwa, abafazi abambalwa balungiselela ukukhulelwe. Ngako oko, i-anemia ibonakala ikhona kakade ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iingcali zithi le nani phakathi koomama abalindeleyo malunga ne-85%. Insimbi enamandla kakhulu iphuma kwi-placenta ibe yintsana evela kwiiveki ezingama-28-32 zokukhulelwa. Kulo xesha ligcinwe isitokisi sayo esiphezulu. Ngako oko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana ufumana isixa esiphezulu salolu hlobo kwaye uzalwa ngexesha. Ukuze ugweme ukuzalwa kwangaphambili, ibhinqa kufuneka lihlale lijongwa kwikliniki yezinja zezilwanyana kwaye ilandele iziphakamiso zayo.
Unokuthintela uphuhliso lwe-anemia ukuba:
- ngokupheleleyo ukutya;
-khokelela ekusebenzeni ngokuphila;
ungakhathazeki kwaye ukhathazeke:
- Hambani emoyeni omtsha;
- ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha iziyobisi ezinesinyithi.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezifunekayo?
Emva kokuvavanywa kwangaphandle komntwana, ugqirha uya kunika iziviwo ezilandelayo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi . Inquma izinga le-hemoglobin egazini, kunye nenani lamaseli obomvu, okuya kwenza ugqirha ukuba agqibe ekubeni kukho ukuthambekela okanye i-anemia esele ivakaliswe kumntwana.
I-blood smear . Kuya kuncedisa ukubunjwa kobunzima bamaseli obomvu (i-erythrocyte) kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukudlulisa i-oksijini kwizicubu zomzimba. Ngale ndlela, unokumisela uhlobo lwe-anemia. Ukongezelela, ugqirha uya kugqiba umxholo wezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-serum yinyithi egazini kwaye iqinisekise inani le-microelement (ferritin).
Iimpawu zokunqongophala kwe-anemia kwingane.
Qaphela ukuqala kwe-anemia akulula, kuba ekuqaleni akukho zibonakaliso ezibonakalayo. Kodwa abazali mababe banamathele kwaye baqaphele, ukuba ukubonakala nokuziphatha komntwana kunokutshintshwa kwezi zilandelayo.
- isikhumba somntwana, imilomo kunye nezithende zibethelwe;
ukunyaniseka, ukuqonda, ukulila;
- ukunciphisa ukutya, umntwana uyala ukutya, kwaye ufumana ubunzima;
- umntwana usephupha;
- ulusu lwaba lumile kwaye lukhuni;
- iinwele zibuhlungu kwaye zibuhlungu;
- iipilisi zepiyile zincinci kwaye zenzeke.
Imithombo yesinyithi.
Intsimbi esiyifumanayo, ngokuyinxalenye yokutya. Zonke izinto eziyimfuneko zithathwe kubisi lonina. Kuze kutshintshe ukwakhiwa, ukulungelelanisa neemfuno zomfundi. Nangona kunjalo, ngeenyanga ezi-5-6, enye ibisi yobisi ayanele, kwaye ukwanelisa izidingo ezikhulayo zomzimba wengane ngentsimbi, kunye nezinye izondlo, umntwana kufuneka adlulise ukutya okuncedisayo. Xa uqala ukwandisa ukondla komntwana, unike ityhuji eyenziwe ngokulungelelanisa, ityelelwe ngensimbi, i-purees yenyama. Yaye ukhumbule ukuba isinyithi sithathwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwenyama. Ukufumana izitya zomntwana ezivela kulwimi lwenkobe, umvundla, intsimbi, inkukhu, kodwa kungekhona kwimveliso-nto iya kuhambelana. I-microelement ebalulekileyo ifumaneka kwiintlanzi, i-yolk yolanga, iimbotyi, isonka esinamafutha kunye nemifuno efana nesipinashi, i-broccoli, isaladi. Ukuba ukondla umntwana ngefomula ekhethekileyo, usuke ukhethe ezo zenziwe ngetsimbi.
Izinto zokutya.
Ukuba umntwana uyagula nge-anemia, akafanele anike ubisi oluninzi lweenkomo. Ngenxa yoko, iya kugcina iprotheyini ekhethekileyo, ekhokelela ekuphumeni kwe-mucosa yamathumbu, kwaye ngenxa yoko i-aggravation ye-anemia.