Umntwana oneminyaka emithandathu anesixhenxe unesihlandlo sokuqala uhambo lwakhe lokuphila esikolweni. Intsapho ayisona nto ibalulekileyo kwaye iyona nto ibangela ubomi bakhe. Esikolweni, inkqubo yentlalo ihamba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye zonke iindawo zokuphuhliswa ziya kwandisa kwaye zijonge. Ngexesha elifanayo, isethi semfuno zezakhono zomntwana, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, kwandisa ngokukhawuleza.
Ubume bomzimba
Kubantwana abaneminyaka engama-5 ukuya kweyesi-7 ubudala, ukwanda kwenyuka ngokukhawuleza kokuphakama nokulinganiswa kwenzeka, kodwa utshintsho oluphambili lwenzeka ngokobunzima bomzimba kunye namalungu ayo. Ibunzi kunye nesisu kuya kuba yincithakalo, iingalo kunye neemilenze zincinci, impumlo icacisiwe ngokucacileyo, amahlombe abe squarer, kwaye umgca wokhuni ubizwa ngakumbi. Ngokumalunga namazinyo, xa uneminyaka engama-6, iinyosi ezinkulu zokuqala zihamba.
Izakhono ezincinane zezithuthi
Kuphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 no-7, abantwana bafumana izakhono zobuninzi nangaphezulu, ezifana nokusebenzisa ubuhlalu, amaqhosha, ipensela, ipenki, iikhrayoni kunye neebrashi. Esikolweni, bafunda ukubhala zonke iileta zealfabhethi, ukuba abazange bafunde oku ngaphambili, kwaye baqeqeshwe ukudweba ngokuchanekileyo imifanekiso.
Ukuqonda
Abadala abaneminyaka emihlanu abakwazi ukuvavanya kakuhle isivinini kunye namandla. Ngokomzekelo, bafuna ukuthatha izinto ezinzima kakhulu kubo. Bayafuna iimfuno ezizodwa malunga neendlela zezitalato, kuba abanakuqonda ukuba iimoto zihamba ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zicinga. Ngeminyaka elixhenxe, abantwana banengqiqo yokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, isizathu esona siqhelo sokufa kweli qela leminyaka sisengozi zezithuthi. Ubunono bubonakalisa kubantwana kwaye kube yiminyaka emi-5, kodwa kwiminyaka emi-5 kuya kwe-7 kuya kubonakala ngakumbi.
Skills Basic
Esikolweni, abantwana kufuneka bafunde izinto ezisisiseko zokufunda, ukubhala kunye ne-arithmetic. Ukukhululeka okwenzayo oku kunempembelelo enkulu ekuziphatheni ngokwazo kunye nokuzithemba, okuza kuhlala iminyaka emininzi. Ngoko ke, ukuqeqeshwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa umntwana ehamba esikolweni, isigaba sokucinga kwangaphambili siphelile kwaye isigaba senkqubo yokusebenza khonkco iqalisa (ukuphuhliswa kwengcamango engqiqo). Nangona kunjalo, awanakwazi ukuqonda iingcamango ezingabonakaliyo. Ukunciphisa ukucinga kwisigaba semisebenzi ethile kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba ucela umntwana oneminyaka emihlanu ukuba achaze intsingiselo yesaga: "Unokuqhuba ihashe ukusela, kodwa awukwazi ukusela." Ekuqaleni umntwana angabonakala ephazamisekile. Uya kuthi ihashe ayinxaniwe okanye ukuba ihashe iya kusela xa ifuna. Abantwana bayaqiniseka ukuba ihashe abayi kunyanzelwa ukuba basele, ukuba akafuni. Ukuphuhliswa kwengcamango engqiqo ngenye yeziphumo eziphambili kubantwana beminyaka yobudala bezikolo. Ukuhamba kweli nqanaba kukhokelela ekulandelayo-ukuvela kweengcamango ezingabonakaliyo. Kulo nyaka, ukwesaba okungaqondakali kwabantwana, njengokwesaba ukuba kukho i-monster phantsi kombhede, kufuneka kudlule. Kwakhona, izihlobo ezicingelayo kufuneka zinyamalale kwaye inkolelo kuBawo Frost ibuzwa.
KuLuntu
I-socialization yinkqubo yokuqonda komntwana kwimiqathango yokuziphatha yoluntu equka ukuxabiseka kwezentlalo, isimo sengqondo kunye neenkolelo zentlalo. Ingcamango yomntwana yobudlelwane ivela kwinqanaba lekhonkrithi kunye nangoko kwizinga elingabonakaliyo, kunye nezinto ezinokuthenjwa, ukunyaniseka, nothando, nokuba akukho mntwana ekamelweni. Ukutyelela isikolo kunika umntwana ithuba lokugcina kwaye ngokukhawuleza athuthukise izakhono zonxibelelwano ezinzima. I-Egocentrism iyaphela ngokupheleleyo. Isikolo sisisombululo esinamandla sentlalo. Oku kuququzelelwe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi ehlangene, njengokusebenza kwiqela, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo, ukhuphiswano lwezemidlalo kunye nemidlalo, kunye nokusebenza ngamabini kunye neqela. Ubomi obalulekileyo obunjengomonde, ukukwazi ukusebenzisana kunye nomgangatho wenkokeli, zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo esikolweni.
Ikhaya
Xa abantwana bebuya esikolweni emva kwemini, banokubhokoxa, ukunyamekela, ukuzaliswa kwezinto eziphumelelayo kwimini. Kodwa banokuza bekhathele, bekrakra, badinga ukutya okunye, ukuba isidlo singakulungele. Esinye sezizathu ezenza abantwana balambile ngeli xesha kukuba ukutya komntwana kusekho ukulawulwa ngabazali, kungekhona ngesidingo somzimba. Emva kwexesha lomsebenzi wengqondo, abantwana badinga ukuphumla, ngoko imidlalo ebudeni beli nxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophuhliso.
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla
Uninzi lweentengiso zikamabonwakude ezijoliswe kubantwana ziqulethe ulwazi malunga nemidlalo kunye nemidlalo, imveliso yepomfestile, iilekese, i-tshokoleta kunye neziphuzo ezinobumba obuhle. Abantwana bathembele ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kukho kuphela abakubonayo kwintengiso. Kule minyaka, abantwana babona umehluko phakathi kweenkqubo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokukhangisa, kodwa abasenakuqonda ukuba ukuthengiswa kubakho kuphela ukuze abantu bakwazi ukwenza imali. Namhlanje, abantwana bafumana amanqatha amaninzi, iswekile kunye netyuwa ekudleni kwabo kunesizukulwana esidlulileyo. Abanamsebenzi omncinci kwimfundo yenyama kwaye zikhokelela ngendlela engapheliyo yokuphila. Oku kuqinisekiswa zizifundo ezininzi eziqhutywa ukususela kuma-80 ekhulwini lokugqibela. Ukutya okukhanyayo kunye nokutya okulungele ukupheka kungaba yintathu yesithathu okanye nokuba ininzi yesantya sabantwana balo nyaka.
■ Jabulela ukufunda esikolweni.
■ Funda ngomzekelo kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kunye nentsapho kwiiklabhu, kumaqela olutsha okanye kwiintlanganiso zeSonto.
Ziye zaphuhlisa izakhono zokuqonda.
■ Ukukwazi ukudlala noontanga, abazalwana kunye noodade baphuculwe kakhulu.
■ Ukuphuculwa kokuphunyezwa kweendlela zokukhusela.