Ngeli thuba, umzimba womzimba womama olindelekileyo unobuthakathaka kakhulu, kwaye umthwalo kwezinye iistim kunye nezitho zanda. Ngeli thuba, umama ozayo uza kuba yingozi kakhulu kwizifo kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo, ngoko kufuneka utyunye unyango ngeyeza ezahlukeneyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni (i-pyelonephritis, i-tonsillitis, i-sinusitis), misela iyeza-antibiotics. Ngako-ke, umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu uvela: ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza okulwa namayeza okuchaphazela ukukhulelwa, kuba yonke into eyenziwa ngumfazi ichaphazela ngqo umntwana.
Antibiotics.
I-antibiotics - iziyobisi zijoliswe ekuphulukeleni izifo ezibangelwa ziintlobo zee-microorganisms. Ngelishwa, ukuthatha i-antibiotics ayisoloko iphephile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Emva koko, emzimbeni, ukongeza kwinto yokuba isichengisisi sinemiphumo echanekileyo, isifo se-antibacterial, sinokubangela izimpembelelo ezingaphezulu okanye iziphumo ezibi: ukuzitywa, isisongulu, intloko yesifo.
Iminyaka yophando ibonisa ukuba i-antibiotics ayinakuchaphazela nayiphi na into i-apparatus, kodwa nangona kunjalo iziphumo ezingathandekiyo zinokwenzeka. Oososayensi baseYurophu naseMerika kwizifundo zabo bafanisa nemiphumo yeziyobisi ezahlukeneyo ekubunjweni komntwana. Ngokweziphumo zophando, amaqela aphephile kakhulu epenicillin (ampicillin, amoxicillin, njl), kodwa i-penicillin yaba yinto ephezulu kakhulu yeqela. Uninzi lwe-cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefazolinum kunye nabanye), nangona baqala ukukhulelwa, banefuthe eliyingozi kwi-fetus, kodwa banconywa ukuba bathathe izifo ezisongela ubomi - i-sepsis, iifom ezinzima ze-pneumonia, izifo zokungena emanzini. Ukongezelela, izazinzulu zithi emva kokuqala kwe-trimester, ukutyiwa kwezi antibiotics ukukhulelwa akuchaphazeli. Kwakhona, uninzi lwezinye iziyobisi ezikhuselekileyo zikhuselekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Iinqanawa zingeqela lama-macrolides, abameli babo bangama-azithromycin, i-erythromycin. Ezi antibiotics yipilisi kwizifo ezininzi ezithathelwanayo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba zinciphise kuphela. Ukusuka kwezinye iziyobisi ezichasayo, ngexesha lokukhulelwa kungcono ukuyeka. Iiklasi eziseleyo ze-antibiotics zinezityalo ezincinci, ngoko ke zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iibhaktheriya zeentlobo ezilunye, kwaye zibhekisela kwizifo ezibalaseleyo (izifo ezithintekayo emathunjini, isifo sofuba kunye nezinye izifo ezisongela ubomi). Ukutywa kwee-antibiotics kunempembelelo enkulu ekukhupheni. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yezizathu ezintle, ungasebenzisi iziyobisi njenge-aminoglycosides (i-amikacin, i-gentamitazin kunye ne-alnologic), zichaphazela umphumo onobungozi obunamandla kwi-nervitive auditor of the fetus kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sulfonamide.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sulphonamide kwiimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa kubangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungaziphathi kakuhle kunye nokuphuhliswa kokuphuhliswa, okukhokelela kumonakalo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza. Ukusetyenziswa kweetitracyclines (doxycycline, tetracycline) kubangela ukutshabalalisa okungenakuphelelwa yintambo yamazinyo, enefuthe eliyingozi kwisibindi, negalelo ekungcoleni komntwana.
Kuze kube kutshanje, kwizibhedlele zethu, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo babemisela ngokucacileyo i-ciprofloxacin. Kodwa ngoku kwamkelwa kwezi antibiotics kunqatshelwe ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuba le nkunkuma ibangela iziphene ezingenakucinganiswa zethambo lesisu kumntwana.
Imithetho yokuthatha amacwecwe.
Ngoko, uhlobo oluthile oluhlanjululwe ngaphandle, zeziphi iziyobisi ezinokuthi zithathwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kodwa usadinga ukukhumbuza oomama besikhathi esizayo, imigaqo ephambili yokuthatha i-antibiotics. Ngoko:
1. Kwiinyanga ezi-5 zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ukuba akukho mfuneko enzima yale nto, amayeza omzimba kufuneka athatyathwe ngokucophelela, kuba ngeli xesha lokwakha zonke izitho ezibalulekileyo kunye nezicubu zomntwana ezithathayo. Kwimeko apho ukwamkelwa kwezidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial kungenakugwemeka, unokwenza oku kuphela ngongamela osondeleyo ogqirha!
2. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha inkqubo epheleleyo yeyeza kunye nemilinganiselo enqunyiwe, akukho nhlobo ungayitshintsha yona.
3. Ngaphambi kokumiselwa ikhosi yokunyanga iziyobisi, xelela ugqirha wakho malunga nazo zonke iingxaki zempilo zakho ezedlulileyo, ugulo olubi, ngakumbi ukhathala!
4. Ukuba nayiphi na imiphumo ebonakalayo okanye isohlwayo ebonakalayo ngexesha lokulawulwa kwee-antibiotics, kufuneka ukhawuleze uthathe amachiza anqunyiwe uze udibane nodokotela wakho.
Ngelishwa, amaninzi amabhinqa ekubhubhisweni ayanyanzelekile ukuba athathe i-antibiotics, ngenxa yezifo ezingapheliyo. Le nto ingaba yikhosi okanye ukufumana isigxina esithile. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo kuvumelekile, kungcono ukuba ungasebenzisi ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial, ukuze uphathe izifo ezingapheliyo. Ukutyiwa kwee-antibiotics "ukwenzela ukuthintela ukukhushulwa" kunqatshelwe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuzithobela okunjalo akuvelisi kakuhle kwaye kukhuthaza ukusabalala kwezifo, izigulana ezenza i-causative agents ezilahlekileyo iimpendulo ezifunekayo kuma-antibacterial agents.
Kwiimeko apho unyango luyadingeka, kungcono ukukhetha iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ixesha elide kunezinye ngaphandle kwezi mpawu.
Kodwa into eyona nto ibalulekileyo, khumbula ukuba ekuziphatheni, ukulungiswa kwe-antibacterial iyakwazi ukubangela ukuba umntwana athathe ixesha eliza kutshatyalaliswa kakhulu (nangona umama wakhe engazange azivele ngokwakhe). Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nayiphi na i-antibiotics, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho, kuba kuphela ugqirha uya kuba nako ukunquma isidingo sokulwa ne-antibiotics. Kwakhona, ngokweziphumo zolu vavanyo, uya kuba nako ukulungiselela ukulungiselela okufanelekileyo kwaye anqume ixesha lokumkelwa kwakhe.