I-Asperger syndrome ibhekisela kwiifomu ze-autism, ubuncinci, le ndlela yonyulwa ngayo kwiincwadi zonyango. Le ntsebenzo ifunyanwe rhoqo kwibuntwaneni, phakathi kweminyaka engama-4 no-11. Kungatsholwa ukuba i-Asperger syndrome ibonakaliswa ngombono womntu wehlabathi ngokuziphatha okungafanelekanga kwentlalo, kunye nesimo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga sokunxibelelana. Abantu abanolu daba bafumana ubunzima kwiinkalo ezintathu: ukuxhumana nentlalo, ingcinga yoluntu kunye nentsebenziswano yentlalontle.
Ukuqaphela ekuqalekeni ngumntu ohluphekileyo kwi-Asperger's syndrome okanye, njengoko kubizwa ngokuba yi "autism disorder disorder", akunakwenzeka. Aba bantu abanalo naluphi na ukungaqhelekanga okubonakalayo, unokwazi ukuba khona kwesi sifo kuphela kwinkqubo yoqhagamshelwano. Kwiimvelaphi zonyango, le syndrome ihlelwa njengophulaphula intsebenziswano yentlalo, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza komntu ngamnye kwinkqubo yobomi bakhe.
Ingxaki e phambili
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba abantu abaneengxaki ze-Asperger's syndrome bangakhokelela ubomi obuqhelekileyo kunye nobomi obupheleleyo ekudaleni iimeko ezifanelekileyo kubo. Nangona ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba i-syndrome inokufana kakhulu ne-autism, kuba abantu abane-Asperger's syndrome banokuthi baphelelwe ingqondo, umfanekiso oqhelekileyo ubonisa ukuba le ngxaki ihambelana nokuphazanyiswa kwentlalo yoluntu. Abantu abaninzi abaye bafumanisa ukuba bane-Asperger's syndrome njengomntwana, njengoko bekhula, bavumelanisa ngakumbi kunye nokuhlala emphakathini kwaye ezinye iimpawu ziyaziyeka.
Enyanisweni, iingxaki eziphambili zabantu abanjalo zilandelayo:
- ubunzima kunye nengcamango yentlalo - abanakho ukuqonda ngokucacileyo abanye abantu abakutshoyo, abakwazi ukucinga ngenye indlela yokuphuhliswa kweemeko, kwakunye nobudlelwane, kunzima ukuba batyhide iingcamango neemvakalelo zabanye. Abantu abane-Asperger's Syndrome baqonde yonke into ngokwenene, musa ukuphendula ngamahlaya kwaye ungayiqondi intsingiselo yezintlu ezizinzile (ii-unitological units kunye ne-aphorisms);
- ubunzima bokusebenzisana kwentlalo - aba bantu banokufuna ukunxibelelana, kodwa ngenxa yokugula kwabo bahlala befumana ubunzima obufanayo. Ababanakho ubudlelwane bobuhlobo, abanakuhlala bencedisa incoko, baqala ukuthetha ngesihloko esipheleleyo okanye babuze imibuzo engalunganga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abane-Asperger's syndrome babesabisa abanye abantu ngokubakho ngokukhawuleza baze basondele kumnye umntu, baziphathe ngokungalunganga, okanye baxhaswe kuzo zonke ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- ubunzima obunxibelelwano loluntu - abantu abanjalo abanakuze baqonde ukubonakalisa ubuso, ithoni yezwi kunye neengcamango zabanye abantu. Xa uthetha amagama anzima ukuwakalisa (umzekelo, imiqathango yesayensi) okanye xa bequlunqa izivakalisi ezinzima, abanakho ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo intsingiselo yabo.
Ngaphandle koko, aba bantu banokuba nengcamango ecebileyo, iitalente baze babe ngabaculi abavelele, oogqirha, amagqwetha kunye nokunye. Iqondo lobuchule babo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, aluncinci kunezinye, abantu abaphilileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela kwinqanaba elingaphezu kwesilinganiso. Izakhono zokuthetha zabantu abanjalo kwiimeko ezininzi azihluki kwizakhono zabanye abantu. Ukongeza, abantu abane-Asperger's Syndrome banokulungiswa kwisifundo esinye okanye into kwaye bayifunde ngokujulileyo. Kwimashishini apho kuyimfuneko ukwenza izenzo ezizenzekelayo, usuku nosuku wenza umsebenzi ofanayo wokusebenza, abantu banjalo banokuphumelela.
Iinkalo ezahlukeneyo
Abantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba "i-Asperger syndrome" basenokukhethwa kwisihlwele ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ngaphandle kwalabo bachongiweyo kuphela kwinkqubo yokunxibelelana. Ezi zinto zibandakanya: ukuthabatha inqaku elithile, ukuvela kweso sihlandlo, apho umntu echitha lonke ixesha lakhe, umnqweno wokuqokelela, ubunzima beengqondo (iingxaki ngeengxaki, ukubona, ukuvumba kunye nezinye izitho zengqondo), uthando ngomyalelo kunye nenkqubela ethile yobomi .
Kwimeko yokuqala, inzondelelo enjalo inokuphuhlisa ingqondo kunye nezakhono kuphela, kodwa kwakhona ukusekwa kwezonxibelelwano zoluntu, ukuba umdlalo womntu ubuncinane ngandlela-thile udibene nabantu okanye uluntu. Oku "ukulungiswa" kunokukhula kukufunda ngokujulile, kwaye kamva kwimiba. Ngokuphathelele uthando lwesicwangciso esithile kunye nokuhleleka, kunokumane ukhulule abantu abane-disistic disorder ekuxinineni nasekuxhaseni, kuba basibona thina kunye nehlabathi ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngamehlo abo kwaye kubonakala ngathi kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ubunzima bokuzibonakalisa bunokuzibonakalisa ngokwabo ngokuphuhlisekileyo okanye ngokuphambene nangoko, kumbono ongenakuphuhliswa, ukuvumba, ukuva. Umzekelo, izandi ezivakalayo, imibala eqaqambileyo ingabangela ukwesaba okanye uxinzelelo. Kwakhona aba bantu bafumana ubunzima ngokuvakalelwa kwemizimba yabo, abaziqhelananga kakuhle kwindawo, abahlali baxhamla ngokuthe ngqo ukuba banokufikelela njani kwabanye. Kwakhona, kukho rhoqo abo abangenako ukunyamezela ukuthintela, abantu abane-disistic disorder bangakwazi ukuva intlungu ngokwenene.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphilisa?
Esi sifo sivame ukufunyanwa ngunyana kwaye umntu uyanyanzelekile ukuba aphile nayo yonke yobomi bakhe. Ngamanye amaxesha xa abantu bekhula bakhupha iimpawu ezithile, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo i-syndrome. Iziyobisi ezinokuthi "ziphilise" ukuya kutshatyalaliswa azikho. Kungenzeka kuphela ukusebenzisa iindlela ezingekho zonyango ezingayi kunyanga, kodwa ziya kukwazi ukuncedisa umntu kummandla osondeleyo kwimeko yabantu abaphilileyo. Ezi ndlela zinokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu, kwaye zinokunceda ekuphuhliseni izakhono zokunxibelelana kunye nezakhono. Ezi ndlela ziquka: i-psychotherapy yokuziphatha-ingqondo yokuziphatha, i-physiotherapy yokuzivocavoca ukuphucula ukuhamba, ukuqeqeshwa kwezakhono zentlalo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unyango lwezifo ezixhamlayo, ezifana nokuxinezeleka, ukuxinezeleka, i-neurosis, kuqhutyelwa.