Ngoko, sele sele sicacile ukuba luhlobo luni le ntyatyambo, indlela yokukhula ngayo, yintoni eyithandayo kunye nendlela yokunyamekela ngayo, kodwa oku akusiyo yonke into eyenziwa yintanda yeentyantyambo kufuneka ikwazi ukulima kwezi ntyatyambo ezintle. Kule nqaku siza kubonakalisa izihloko ezibalulekileyo ezinokubangela umdla - indlela yokugcina, ukuphindaphinda nokukhusela i-dahlias kwizidumbu nezifo.
Ungagcina njani i-dahlias?
Ngaphambi kwamaqabunga amanje, iintyatyambo ziza kutshabalalisa, ngoko ke kufuneka unqume zonke i-dahlias ihluma ngendlela ehamba ngayo kuphela iisentimitha ezili-15 ukusuka kwingcambu, kwaye ngoko unokumba ama-tubers ngokwawo. Kulungile, kwaye uyigubungele phantsi kwaye uyibeke kwindlela ethile yobusika obusika obusika.
Ukuze usinde ebusika, izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-dahlia zingaphila, kufuneka wenze oku: nciphisa isisombululo esilumkileyo se-potassium permanganate kwaye ubambe izigulana kuyo malunga nesigamu seyure, uze uyomise kakuhle. Iiveki zokuqala ezintathu kufuneka ugcine ukushisa kwama-8-10 degrees of heat, ukuvuselela igumbi rhoqo kwaye unikeze umoya omswakama we-90%.
Xa iiveki zokuqala ezintathu ziphumelele ngempumelelo, izilimo eziyi-tubers zingathunyelwa kwi-cellar okanye kwipilasitiki ye-hibernation, kukho ubushushu bomoya kufuneka kube ngama-3-6 degrees Celsius kunye nomswakama 50-60%. Kakade, ukushisa kuyahluka, kodwa into ephambili akuyikuvumela ukushisa kwehla phantsi kwama-0 degrees. Ngentwasahlobo, unokufumana ukuba yiyiphi indima ye-dahlia eyona nto ibhetele, ukuyihlisela kumandla ahlukeneyo okanye iiphakheji ngexesha lokuhlela. Iipakethi akufanele zifakwe ngandlela naluphi na uhlobo, ukwenzela ukuba izityalo zinganyanzeliswa kwaye zisebenzise umoya. Ebusika, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlalutye izinto zokulima, kuba izibhulu ezinobungozi nezigulayo zingavela.
Ukuba uhlala kwidolophini yedolophu, unako ukugcina iihagu kuphela xa zomile kwiqondo eliphantsi kunye nomswakama ophezulu. Beka iibhubhu ebhokisini uze ubathumele endaweni epholileyo kakhulu yokuba unakho kuphela kwihostela yakho. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka ukhangele rhoqo kwiibhubhu kwaye ususe iimboniselo eziwonakele. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba izilimo eziyizigaxa zaqala ukuma, zifafaze ngamanzi, ukuba ukususela ngenye ixesha abaphuculanga, ke yenze le nkqubo ngamaxesha ambalwa.
Ukuveliswa kwemibala yobukhosi
I-Dahlias inokusasazwa ngokucoca, imbewu kunye nezityalo. Ngo-Apreli yithuba elivuna kakhulu lokuzala kule nyanga. Kwinqaku elidlulileyo, sixoxe nawe ngendlela yokusasaza ama-daisies ngoncedo lwembewu, ukusabalalisa kwindlela yokutya kufuna udweliso olukhethekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwabelana ngesifo se-tubers, kuyimfuneko ukuba bancinci. Ukwenza oku, bafakwa kwibhokisi ngeesanti, i-sawdust okanye i-fluorine, bafaka i-1/3 kuphela kwaye bayifake kwindawo epholileyo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa kufuneka zihlanjululwe lonke ixesha. Emva kokuba ubone ukuba banamaphuzu okukhula, bawasuse ngokunyanisekileyo emhlabeni. U-Kakuzhe uthe kwangaphambili i-tuber kufuneka ihlulwe ukuze kube nokunyuka kwe-tuber eyodwa kunye nenxalenye yengcambu yentamo kunye neentso.
Emva koko, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlukeneyo kufuneka zomiswe kwaye zifafazwe ngamalahle aphehliweyo, kwaye ngoku kunokwenzeka ukuwayeka kwiibhotile kunye neebhokisi. Njengoko kunjalo, njengoko uhlwayayo izityalo kwindawo evulekile, kuyimfuneko ukuzigcina zingaphakathi ngaphakathi kwiqondo lokushisa lama-degrees Celsius kunye nokulinganisela. Ukuba awukwazi ukugcina izilimo eziyizigaxa kuloo bushushu, kwaye zihlala kwindawo efudumeleyo, ngoko kufuneka zihlale zihlala kwiintsuku ezinelanga ukuze zenze lukhuni.
Xa kungekho nengozi yeqhwa, izilimo eziyizigaxa zingatyalwa kwindawo ehlala kwindawo evulekile.
Ukuba ufuna ukusabalalisa i-dahlias ngokucoca, ngoko kufuneka uyazi ukuba nayiphi na isitshixo kufuneka ihlukaniswe kwisityalo sikamama "nesithende". Enye indlela ekhethekileyo yimizila ecaleni, eyasuswa xa ifikelela kuma-8-10 amentimitha.
Ukunqunyulwa kwe-stem kunqunywe phantsi kwe-leaf node, i-alista ingasuswa ngeli xesha. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokusika, esi sitshixo sihlonyelwe kwisitya, kwibhokisi okanye nje emhlabathini, kodwa kufuneka ihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene. Ubumanzi bomoya kufuneka bube phezulu, ukuze ipropus ikwazi ukukhawuleza. Sam cherenok iiveki ezigxilile nge-2-3.
Izifo zeDahlia
UDahlias ukwesaba kakhulu izifo zentsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye nezifo. Isifo esiphezulu sesifo sefungal umlenze omnyama, kuyingozi kakhulu kwiintyatyambo ezincinane. Ukuyityhila uyakubona ukutshatyalaliswa kunye nokucuthwa kwesiqu, emva kokuba i-dahlia ifa kungekudala. Ukuze ukhusele esi sifo, kubalulekile ukutshala i-cuttings kumhlaba ongakhuselekanga. Ukuba uyaphawula iimpawu zokuqala, ngoko umhlaba kufuneka uchithe nge-1% isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Ezi zifo ezinjengomhlophe okanye ezomileyo zibola zibonakaliswa ngamagqabi aphuzi. Ezi zifo zenyama. Uninzi lwabathandekayo beentyantyambo, ekufunyanweni kwesi sifo, qhubela phambili kakhulu-susa izityalo ezigulayo, uchithe i-disinfect world, uze uyitshise.
Ukubola okumile kunokugqithisa izityalo ngisho nangethuba lokupheka, xa ugcina kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa ekhaya. Ukubola kowomileyo kwi-tubers uza kuphawula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke le ndawo inqunywe kwindawo enempilo, kwaye indawo eziqingqiweyo zenziwe ngopuphu ngelahle kunye nomxube wegrey okanye wegolide. Yaye ukuba ubona ukuba izigulana zichaphazeleka kakhulu, ke kungcono ukuziphosa ngokupheleleyo.
Kungenzeka ukuba i-dahlias ibonakale kwi-dahlias, oku kuthetha ukuba isityalo sele sisulelekile nge-powdery mildew. Njengomthetho, i-powdery mildew ivela kwaye ivela apho umoya omile kakhulu kunye ne-priperezkih ukushisa kwemeko. Ukusetyenziswa kokugcinwa kwesilondolozo sokutshiza imibala nge-colloidal sulfur okanye isando, oza kuwuchitha kumanzi, ukufumana isisombululo se-1%.
Nangona kunjalo, ungasindisa isityalo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphuhliswa kwesifo, lungisa i-sulfate yethusi nesisombululo sesobho. Thatha iigremu ezingama-220 zesepha, i-2 grams ye-vitriol yobhedu kunye nelitha yamanzi. Ngesi sisombululo, sebenzisa i-opsnisteristenie kwaye uphinda inkqubo kwiveki.
Izifo ezinentsholongwane ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye zingabonakali, ziyabonakala ngendlela yokuqhekeka kunye namabala kumaqabunga, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuphilisa intyatyambo, ngoko kufuneka izityalo ezigulayo zisuswe, kwaye i-inventory nayo yonke indawo kufuneka ikhutshelwe i-disinfected. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, nakanjani, cima kakuhle.
Izifo zebhaktile zichaphazela kakubi i-dahlias, zibonakalisa ngokwazo ngokwemibala ye-tuberculus that brings flowers to death. Iibhubesi ziqala ukubola, zize ziqhekeke, ngelixa umhlaba ojikelezileyo unokusuleleka kwi-bacteria. Phantse iminyaka emihlanu, ezi bhakteria zingagcinwa emhlabeni. Izityalo ezigulayo kufuneka zichithe ngokukhawuleza.
Izinambuzane ezifana ne-thrips, i-foad bugs kunye nee-aphids nazo ziyizinambuzane kwaye, ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, zikhethiweyo ngeentyatyambo. I-agent-anti-tinting-spraying. Nangona kunjalo, ukumanyelwa kwezi njongo kufuneka kube yinto ekhethekileyo-ukusuka kwi-Dalmatian chamomile nesisombululo sesepha. Thatha iigramu ezingama-300 zesepha nganye ilitha yamanzi, isepha kunye nesisombululo sogwayi kunye nezinye iimveliso ezikhusela kakuhle izityalo ezinambuzane. Izigulane kunye ne-slugs zinokuthi i-pozaritsya kumaqabunga amancinci e-dahlias. I-wireworm iya kugxininisa izicubu zesityalo se-tuber. I-nematode ifinyelela emagqabi, iingcambu ziphelile, ngelo xesha zikhona ukuvumba kwiindawo.
Ukuba ubona izibungu, izilwanyana okanye iintsholongwane kwintsimi yakho yeentyatyambo, ziqokelele kwaye uzichithe, kwaye uhlalutye i-bhedlele kunye negadi. Khumbula ukuba indawo yakho kufuneka ihlambuluke kwaye ihlambuluke.
Kwaye enye into: ukuyikrakra izilwanyana, sebenzisa i-marigold, enokuthi ityalwe ngasemva kwee-daisies, kwaye ukuvumba okubukhali kuya kubatshitshisa.