Iintsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwexesha ziqhelekileyo, zifuna nje ukunyamekelwa koogqirha, kunye nenkxaso yokwelapha esebenzayo kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.
Ukuphumelela kwangoku kwenzululwazi yonyango kunokusindisa ubomi kubantwana abazalwa emva kweeyure ezingama-22 kwaye ubunzima babo emva kokuzalwa buphezu kwesiqingatha se kilogram. Ngaloo ndlela, isantya sokungcoliswa kwangaphambili singaboniswa.
Isiganga sokuqala si-2-2.5 kg ngexesha leeveki ezingama-35-37.
Isiganga sesibini yi-1.5-2 kg ngexesha leeveki ezingama-32-34.
Iqondo lesithathu li-1-1.5 kg ngexesha leeveki ezingama-29 ukuya ku-31.
Isigaba sesine singaphantsi kwekg 1, ixesha li ngaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-29.
Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwangaphandle luya kunceda ekuqaliseni izinga lokungcoliswa kwangaphambili, kwakunye nezixhobo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwe-physiology. Emva koviwo, isiphelo senziwe. Izindlela zokujonga kunye nokonyango kwengane zixhomekeke kwisilinganiselo sokungcoliswa kwangaphambili.
Iimpawu ze-physiology yeintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha.
Isimo somzimba sangasese esengumntwana, kunye nesakhiwo semibutho yazo, sinempawu eziningana. Izicubu ezinamafutha angaphantsi komhlaba kunye neengqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungqungquthela ezibuthathaka, ezingakhuselekanga, ngoko-ke ukuphazamiseka komzimba kuphazanyiswa, oko kukuthi, iintsana zikhawuleza ziphezulu kwaye zixakeke. Iintsana zokuqala zivame ukuba nekhanda elikhulu kunye neefenalana ezincinci ezivulekileyo. Ngenxa yokungasebenzi ngokwaneleyo kweminerali, kukho ukunqabisa emathanjeni enkayi, i-auricles. Umzimba wesantya esasingumntwana usoloko ugubungela iinwele zoboya, mhlawumbi kuthiwa "lanungo".
Ngamaqabunga asemaphandleni angaphambi kokuhlaselwa, kwaye ngamakhwenkwe amathumbu ayancibiswanga kwi-scrotum, ngamanye amaxesha abuye aphuculwe. Amantombazana angaba neelabi elingakhuselekanga.
Kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha, ezinobuthakathaka, ezikhulayo ngokukhawuleza, kunye neengcamango ezingekho ngokupheleleyo. Ukusabela kumbango wangaphandle uphantsi.
Iintsana ezinokuqala, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zineenkqubo zokuphefumula ezingaphumelelanga, kwaye, ekubeni indlela yokuphefumula imncinci, ukuphefumla akunakwenzeka, malunga ne-40-50 iphefumula ngomzuzu. Kwakhona, ukuphefumla kubonakaliswa yipenesi ye-apnea.
Isistim se-Cardiovascular, njengomthetho, kwiintsana ezisengaphambili zenziwa, kuba zikhula kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphuhliswa, kodwa kukho ukutshatyalaliswa kobuthathaka kwaye kwezinye iimeko, imisindo entliziyweni. Iintsana ezinokuqala zixinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukugcina ukucotha kweenkqubo zokuxilongwa. Amasebe omgudu wesisu awanakuliswa ngokupheleleyo, umthamo wesisu uncinci kakhulu, kwaye isisu sisesimweni esifanelekileyo. Kukho ukungabikho kwe-acid acids kunye ne-enzyme yeepancreas, iimbumba ezinamaqabunga emaphepheni okugaya azincinci kwaye zisengozini. Inkqubo yokugaya ilukhuni, kukho ukulungelelaniswa ukuhlaziywa, ukuguqulwa kwamagama kunye ne-dysbiosis.
Iintsana ezinokuqala zihamba ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza, zihlala ziqukumbela kwaye zinyuka.
Iimpawu zokunyamekela iintsana zangaphambi kwexesha
Iintsana ezinokuqala zidinga ukunakekelwa ngononophelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ugcina ukubonelelwa kwenkathalo kwaye ugcine zonke izinto ezifunekayo zokugcinwa komntwana kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-2-3, umntwana usuqulela kwihlabathi elikujikelezile, uninzi lwaphuhliso luyahlawulwa.
Iintsana zokuqala zintsuku zokuqala ziqulethe, njengommiselo, kwi-incubator-i-capsule ekhethekileyo. Kugcinwa inani elifunekayo le-oksijini, izinga lokushisa, umswakama. Konke oku kwenzeka phantsi kolawulo oluqinileyo loogqirha, abarekhode zonke iinguqu kwiimeko zomntwana. Imiqathango yokulondoloza umntwana iyahluka kunye nophuhliso lwayo. Ukuba kuqhubeka ngokuqhelekileyo, umntwana ufakwa kwigumbi kunye nolawulo olusisigxina lobushushu kunye nemilinganiselo yokuhlambulula rhoqo (ukungena umoya, ukucoceka okumanzi, i-quartz).
Ukuba umntwana ubonisa ukulungelelaniswa okuzinzile kwimeko yendalo, unokukwazi ukutya okuzimeleyo (i-reflex esondayo iphuhlisiwe ngokwaneleyo), ubunzima bufikelela kwisiqhelo kwaye bunyuke rhoqo, ngoko bunokukhutshwa esibhedlele. Kule meko, umntwana uyabonwa kwiingcali zonyango kwindawo yokuhlala.
Yintoni abazali abanokuyenza ngayo umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Iintsana ezisengaphambili, njengabantwana abaqhelekileyo, zidinga uthando, ukukhathazeka nokukhathalela abazali babo. Abazali, ngaphezu koko, banesimo sengqondo esifudumeleyo sokukhawulezisa ukulungiswa komntwana. Ngomntwana, ubukho bomama, intliziyo yakhe ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko ke umntwana ongaphantsi kokuthintana naye "isikhumba ukunxiba" nomama kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukondla iintsana zangaphambi kwexesha kusenziwa ngokufanelekileyo kwiimfuneko. Ukutya ngewashi akufanele kube, kuba Oku kunokuba ngumsebenzi omningi kumntwana, ngenxa yobuthakathaka bakhe, akayi kukwazi ukunamathela ubisi obaneleyo. Eyona ndlela ingcono - ukunyusa kwiincinci ezincinci ngexesha leeyure ezingama-2.
Ukongezelela ekuphuculeni ngokomoya, umntwana ufuna ukuphuhliswa ngokomzimba: ukusilalisa, i-gymnastics yamanzi. Le nkqubo iyakwazi ukujongana nabazali kunye nabaqeqeshi abanokumenywa ekhaya. Emva kwakho konke, kwindawo ehloniphekileyo, eqhelekileyo neyolungileyo, xa unina ujikelezile, umntwana uya kukhululeka kwaye uya kukwazi ukufumana umsebenzi owenzayo.
Emva kwexesha elithile, umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa uthabatha oontanga bakhe abazalelwe ngexesha. Umntwana ngamnye unayo le nkqubo ngokwayo, kodwa ungatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umlinganiselo wothando nothando uthinta ijongana nophuhliso. Abazali bamele bathande umntwana wabo ngendlela ayenayo, musa ukumxanduva ngomthwalo wokulindela kwabo. Kuye kwenzeka ukuba iintsana ezingekafiki zifumane ukuphuhliswa kwabantwana abaqhelekileyo, apho abazali babeka khona izinto ezininzi, balinga ukumenza ngumbono.