Ukuba ibhinqa ngexesha lokukhulelwa lidla kakhulu, kwaye inzuzo yokunyusa umzimba ayanele, ke kukho umngcipheko wokuba umntwana akanako ukulinganisa umzimba (ngaphantsi kwe-2.5 kg). Oku kungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo zomzimba okanye zengqondo. Ukungondleki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuvame ukulimaza kunokutya ngokutya. Ukungabikho kwesondlo kumama kunokukhokelela kumonakalo wengqondo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kumntwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukulahla kwinqanaba le-hormone estrogen, elibandakanya isongelo sokukhulelwa kwesisu. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ibhinqa likwazi ukufumana isisindo kakuhle ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngaphandle kokulimaza yena kunye nosana lwakhe.
Yiyiphi imingcele yesiqhelo.
Kubalulekile ukutya kakuhle kumfazi, kunjalo, kodwa akufuneki ukuba uzuze umama ozayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu yokunyusa umzimba inomngcipheko we-pre-eclampsia (i-toxicosis efikeleleka) kwaye kuthiwa yi-diabetes yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Isifo sikashukela esihambisana nokukhulelwa singakhokelela ekuzalweni komntwana obunzima obuninzi (ngaphezu kwe-4 kg). I-pre-eclampsia ikhokelela ekusongeni ubomi obunomngcipheko wegazi kwaye kaninzi ibangela ukuphazamiseka okungakumbi okuphazamisayo. Ukongezelela, ibhinqa eliye lagqithisa kakhulu izinga lokufumana ubunzima bokukhulelwa li nobunzima obuhlukahlukeneyo ngexesha lokubeleka. Ukwanda okweqile kwindleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuya kuba ngumqobo kwixesha elizayo xa uzama ukunciphisa ubunzima emva kokubeleka.
Ngokwenene, isisindo esiphezulu sokukhulelwa sincike kwisisindo sokuqala sowesifazane ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Kwaye, incinci ubunzima bokuqala, ngaphezulu kunokuthi ifakwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuba ubunzima bokuqala buncinci kunesiqhelo - ikiti ingaba yi-12,5 - 18 kg.
• Kwinqanaba lokuqala eliqhelekileyo - 11 - 16 kg.
• Ngaphezulu kwesisindo sokuqala - 7 - 11 kg.
• Ukunyamezela ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, 6 kg okanye ngaphantsi (njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho).
• Kwimeko yokukhulelwa okubanzi-17 - 21 kg (kungakhathaliseki ubunzima bayo).
Indlela yokubala isicatshulwa somzimba ngokuchanekileyo? Kule nto, ubunzima bomzimba bomzimba kufuneka bahlulwe ngokuphakama kwizikwere ngamamitha.
Isalathisi singaphantsi kwe-18.5 - ubunzima abuyaneleyo.
I-Index ye-18 ukuya kwe-25 - ubunzima buqhelekileyo.
Isalathiso sama-25 ukuya kuma-30 - ubunzima buninzi.
Isalathisi singaphezu kwama-30 - ukutyeba kakhulu.
Ziziphi zonke iikhilogram, eziqokelelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ziya?
• Umntwana ukusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-3.5 kg.
• I-Placenta 0.5 kg.
• Isibeletho malunga no-1 kg
• Amanzi e-1 kg.
• Ukwandisa umthamo webele we-500 g.
• Umthamo wegazi okongezelelweyo - 1.5 kg.
• Amanzi emzimbeni womfazi 1,5-2 kg
• I-fat deposits kumama 3-4 kg.
Inani elifanelekileyo lokufumana ubunzima.
Le nkqubo iyodwa. Kungenzeka ezinyangeni ezithile ukuqokelela ngakumbi, kwaye kwezinye iindawo ezingaphantsi. Kwamanye amabhinqa, ubunzima buqala ukufumana ukuqala ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe izinga lokuqesha liyawa. Kwabanye, ngokuchasene noko, ubunzima bunokuqala ukubizwa ngokukhawuleza emva kweeveki ezingama-20. Nganye yezinto ezikhethiweyo ziqhelekileyo, ukuba ayithethi ngaphaya kwemida yesethi efanelekileyo. Kwisisindo sokuqala esisisigxina se-trimester yokuqala, kufuneka ufumane u-1.5 kg (2 kg - ngokungabi niselo, 800 g - ngokugqithiseleyo).
Ngethuba leyesibini neyesithathu, inzuzo yesisindo ihamba ngokukhawuleza. Abasetyhini abanomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo phakathi kweiveki ezi-14 neye-28 zokukhulelwa bangakwazi ukufumana ngokukhuselekileyo malunga ne-300 gram nganye ngeveki. Ngenyanga yesithoba ngaphambi kokuzalwa, isisindo sinokuhla kwehla - ngo-0.5-1 kg - okuqhelekileyo. Le meko ibangelwa ukulungiswa komzimba wokubeletha kwangomso.
Ungakanani ukutya?
Nangona umfazi kufuneka azuze ubunzima obuninzi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuze abelethe umntwana wesayizi oqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuzuza ubunzima ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngoko ke, ukuba udle ngokufanelekileyo. Iingcali zenzululwazi zaseMelika zifumene ukuba ukunyuka kwamafutha angenamafutha, kwaye kungekhona ukunyuka kwamafutha, kunokuchaphazela ubukhulu bomntwana. Amafutha amaninzi umfazi uthabatha ngexesha lokukhulelwa, amaninzi amaninzi emva kokubeletha. Ukwandisa ubukhulu obunzima obufanayo, ngokuchaseneyo, aluchaphazeli ubunzima obuphelele bomfazi emva kokubeleka. Akulunganga kwaye kuyingozi nokuba uthi ngexesha lokukhulelwa umfazi kufuneka adle "ezimbini".
Kwi-trimester yokuqala, uya kufuna kuphela iikholeji ezingaphezulu kwama-200 imihla ngemihla, kwikhiloji yesibini neyesithathu. Kufuneka ukuba uzame, ukuba ezi khalori ezongezelelweyo zithathwe kwimveliso eluncedo: i-muesli okanye i-cereal nobisi okanye i-yoghurt enezityalo ezintsha. Mhlawumbi, ukulamba kuya kuvezwa ukususela ngeveki ye-12 yokukhulelwa. Ngeli xesha, amanqanaba egazi ye-hormone isrogen, ekhuthaza umdla, ukwanda. Ukuba ukwanda kwondlo akukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubuninzi obunzima, ngoko oku kuqhelekileyo.
Abafazi abakhulelweyo akufanele balambile kwaye banomlutha wokukhulula iintsuku. Ukuba izinga lokuzuza ubunzima liphezulu kakhulu, kufuneka uqale unciphise ukusebenzisa iifomese kunye namafutha ezilwanyana. Ungazitholi ekufumaneni i-carbohydrates enzima, ngakumbi kwizonka ezimnyama, okusanhlamvu, kunye nakwiimifuno nezithelo. I-Sharp ihamba ngokunyusa ukunyuka kokunyuka kwengcinezelo, esele isengozini ngokwayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba unquma ukuba uzuza kakhulu, akudingeki ukuba unciphise ngokukhawuleza inani lokutya oyityayo kwaye wenze ngokuthe ngcembe.
Kufuneka uzame ukungadli i-tsholatshi eninzi. Ukongeza kwixabiso elikhulu lamafutha kunye neekhalori, iqukethe i-caffeine eninzi, evimbela umzimba ukuba ungamkeli i-folic acid kunye neyinyithi, ekuphenduleni ukunikezelwa kwe-oksijini kumntwana. I-caffeine, ngaphezu koko, ibuhlungu ngakumbi ukuxutywa kwe-calcium. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweeti ezimnyama kunye nekhofi.
Kwi-toxicosis ngokufanayo kuyimfuneko yokutya, maye kunye neengxenye ezincinci. Isisu esingenalutho sikhipha i-acid ephezulu, eqala ukudla iindonga zesisu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisicongconi. Ukukhulelwa ngokukhulelwa kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuba izintso zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ngoko ungazithobeli kumanzi. Kufuneka uphuze ubuncinane iiglasi ezi-6 zamanzi ezicocekileyo ngosuku, kwaye qi niseka ukuba uphuze xa unxanelwe. Emva kwakho konke, i-amniotic fluid iyahlaziywa rhoqo emva kweeyure ezintathu, kwaye ngenxa yalokhu awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamanzi.