Ijusi ye-Pancreatic iqukethe i-enzymes echaphazelekayo ekutyeni ukutya. Ifihliwe kwi-pancreatic duct, edibanisa ne-buct buct evulekile kwindawo ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci (kwi-duodenum). Kwi-lumen yamathumbu ngokusebenzisa le duct ifika ijusi ye-pancreatic kunye ne-bile ukusuka kwimizi emibini yebindi kunye ne-gallbladder. Amahomoni aveliswa yi-pancreas afaka i-insulin kunye ne-glucagon. Ziyakhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo kwigazi kunye nokulawula izinga leshukela legazi. Indlela yokunyanga umdlavuza we-pancreatic kwaye ziziphi iingxaki?
Iimpawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic
• Intlungu ebuyela emva, idla ngobusuku.
• I-jaundice.
• Ukutshiza (okuqhelekileyo kwezigulane ze-icteric).
• Isisindo sokulahleka.
• Impilo engalunganga.
• Ukuvutha.
• Isikhundla esinamafutha (i-steatorrhea - amaqabunga ombala obomvu, ovuthayo kunye nephunga elimnandi).
• Ukuphazamiseka kokutya.
• Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezifana nokunxanwa nokukhutshwa komthamo omkhulu womchamo. Umdlavuza wePancreatic uvame ukufunyanwa kwinqanaba eliphambili, ekubeni iimpawu zisoloko zingabonakali kwaye ziyakulinganisa ezinye iimeko, umzekelo wesifo sengqondo sesifo. Ngexesha lokuxilongwa, i-tumor ikhula rhoqo ngeenxa zonke izakhiwo ezijikelezileyo-isibindi, isisu, amathumbu, imiphunga kunye ne-lymph nodes. Isizathu esiyintloko somdlavuza we-pancreatic asiyazi, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kuyachaphazeleka ngolu hlobo:
• Ukubhema (kuphinda kubangele ingozi).
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo kwepascreas (i-pancreatitis engapheliyo).
• I-diabetes mellitus, ngakumbi kwibadala.
• Iimpembelelo zokungcoliseka kwamashishini kunye ne-DDT (inambuzane).
• Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukodwa kwesisu (i-gastrectomy).
Ukuxhatshazwa
Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic uhlala kwindawo yesihlanu phakathi kweethambo ezibi kwaye iziganeko zikhula rhoqo. Ngomncinci, le ngqumbo ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda kunabasetyhini, kamva lo mmahluko ususwe. Xa uhlolisisa izigulane ngokukrokraza kwe-tumor pancreatic, ugqirha ugqithise ukufumana ukutshitshisa kwesikhumba kunye neembrane ezinqabileyo, ukwanda kwesibindi kunye ne-gall bladder (ephawulwe ngaphantsi komgca wexabiso elifanelekileyo). Iimpawu zokugqibela zingabonakalisa zombini isisu esixinezela i-excretory bucts neducones. Inkqubo yophando iquka:
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukucacisa ukusebenza kwesibindi (iimvavanyo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni).
• Ukutshulwa kwe-Ultrasound - esetyenziselwa ukubona i-tumor, kwakunye nokulawula ukunikezelwa kwenaliti ngexesha le-biopsy.
• I-CT (i-computed tomography) kunye / okanye i-MRI (i-imagination magnontic resonance imaging) - inikeza umfanekiso wesigcawu wezitho zangaphakathi zesigxina.
• Izindlela ze-Endoscopic - zinika umbono othe ngqo wodonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu esincinci.
• I-ERCP (i-endoscopic retrograde ye-cholangiopancreatographyography) isifundo apho ityhubhu eguquguqukayo iqhutyelwa emlonyeni nasesisu kwisisu esincinci, emva koko i-agent echaseneyo ifakwe kwi-bhan ejwayelekile yokufumana ingxaki.
• I-Laparoscopy - ukufakwa kwe-laparoscope kwisigxina esiswini ngokubambisa okuncinci kwodonga lwesisu kunye nethuba lokuthatha i-biopsy. Unyango lomhlaza we-pancreatic kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yesigulane kunye nesimo sempilo jikelele, ubungakanani besifo kunye nesantya sokusasazeka kwayo.
Ukuhlinzwa
Amathumba amancinci avela kwimizimba ye-pancreatic angaphiliswa ngokususa yonke okanye inxalenye yelungu. Ngomsebenzi ogqithiseleyo, inxalenye yesisu esincinci nesisu, i-bile duct, i-gall bladder, i-spleen kunye ne-lymph nodes ecaleni kwendawo yesilonda ingasuswa. Oku kungenelela okunzima kunene, ukufa emva koko kuhleli phezulu, nangona kuye kwancipha kakhulu kwiminyaka yamuva ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwe-anesthesia kunye nobuchwephesha obuchwephesha. Ngezicubu ezingasebenzi, unyango lujoliswe, kunoko, ukunciphisa iimpawu. Ukuba i-tumor igxininisa i-buct ye-bia eqhelekileyo, utyando olunobunzima lungenziwa ukuze ubuyisele i-lumen yayo ngokufaka umqhubi wensimbi ngexesha le-ERCP. Ngenxa yolu gwenxa, isigulane sinokukhululeka ngokubamba kunye nokuhla kwe-jaundice.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
Ukunyangwa kwamayeza kunye ne-chemotherapy zisetyenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omhlaza kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima be-tumor, kodwa impembelelo yazo ingcono kunokunyanga. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokwelapha i-painkillers ezinamandla, umzekelo, ukulungiselela amalungiselelo omlomo wexesha elide; Ubuchwephesha obukhethekileyo bokunikezelwa kweziyobisi kwimodi yokucutha ingasetyenziswa.
Forecast
Ukugxekwa kwe-pancreatic carcinoma kuyingozi kakhulu, kuba malunga ne-80% yezigulane zine-tumor esele isasazeka kwi-lymph nodes ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
Ukusinda
Kuphela i-2% yezigulane ezinomdlavuza we-pancreatic zisinda kumbhobho weminyaka emihlanu, izigulane ezinesifo esingenakukhubazeka ziyafa eziphakathi kweiveki ezingama-9 emva kokuxilongwa. Ukuba i-tumor isuswe, i-prognosis iphucula malunga ne-10%.